The document discusses the historical and recent background of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and the Jewish Defense League (JDL), highlighting key figures such as Yasser Arafat and events like the Oslo Accords and the Munich Olympics massacre. It details the decline of the PLO under Mahmoud Abbas and the emergence of Hamas, as well as the JDL's evolution and decline in terrorist activities. Major incidents include the Black September, the Cave of the Patriarchs massacre, and the murder of Alex Odeh.

1. Christina Choueiri, Misael BautistaMatthew Salem, Justin Beatty,Cameron Bean The Palestine Liberation Organization and the Jewish Defence League

2. Historical BackgroundEarly HistoryKing DavidRoman Occupation/ Jewish DiasporaArrival of Islam

3. Recent HistoryZionismWorld War IBritish Rule

4. Israeli IndependenceSix Day War (1967)

5. Palestine Liberation Organization

6. Key PlayersYasser Arafat (1929 – 2004) Founded Fatah circa 1959Battle of Karameh and rise of Fatah1967 Fatah Joins PLO 1969 Arafat Chairman of PLO Oslo AccordsWon Nobel Peace Prizehttp://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4164589 6:00

7. MahmoudAbbasArafat’s successorPLO Chairman since Nov. 2004Inherited failing organization

8. Black SeptemberMunich Olympics MassacreOslo AccordsMajor Events and Media Coverage

9. Black September (1970)Hijacking of 3 commercial airlinersKing Hussein of Jordan involves military and forces Palestinians from Jordan Ends July 1971, PLO expelled from Jordan, relocated to LebanonBBC – UK involvementGuadian – Mistrust & Civil war

10. Munich Olympics Massacre4-5 September 1972Black September OrganizationTwelve people killed (11 Israeli and 1 West German)5 BSO killed, 3 captured and later releasedBBC – event by event story; MossadNY Times – Gun Battle; word context

12. Oslo Accords20 August 1993: Secretly negotiated with IsraelArafat appointed head of Palestinian AuthorityWashington Post – HopeOther Sources - Failure

13. Jewish Defense League

14. Key PlayersRabbi Meir KahaneFounded JDL in 1968Through JDL, opposed Soviet policies, Neo-Nazis, Christian missionariesAgainst a democratic IsraelBelieved peace between Arabs and Jews was impossibleAssassinated in 1990

15. Key PlayersIrv RubinTook over for Kahane in 1985Supported acts of violence against non-JewsRadical and extremist Committed suicide 2002 Shelly Rubin Wife of Irv Rubin, took over as chairman and CEO of JDL

16. Murder of Alex OdehCave of Patriarchs MassacrePlanned US Congressman AssassinationMajor Events and Media Coverage

17. Murder of Alex Odeh11 October 1985: office bombedRegional director of the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination CommitteeLA Times – TV Appearances; Irv RubinGuardian – JDL as suspects; Author from Washington

18. Cave of Patriarchs Massacre25 February 1994: Baruch Goldstein opens fire inside a West Bank mosque39 to 52 killed; 100+ injuredIsraeli PM condemns attackJerusalem Post – President EzerWeizmanGoldstein – Treated Arabs & Jews alike

19. Planned US Congressman AssassinationPlan formulated to bomb the office of Darrell IssaBoth conspirators arrested by FBI One faced trial, sentenced to 20 years in jailLA Times – 9/11Financial Times (London) – JDL history

20. Irv Rubin & Earl Krugel

21. Latest DevelopmentsJDLMain leadership now deadNo longer actively participating in terrorist actionsPLOLoss of faith in PLO from PalestiniansHamas currently in the forefrontInfighting Abbas having difficulty maintaining previous Arafat controlElections scheduled for January postponed