Marine mining and the potential effect of it on environment

1. Teaching Notes: Unit & Lesson Slides
• The content, vocabulary, videos and activities shown on the following slides come
directly from your student and teacher text. PDFs are referenced on slides and
can be downloaded by teachers and students online at Ed: Your Friend in Learning
(Ed: YFIL)
• All slide content is editable, as you may add, remove or edit content to meet your
individual classroom needs.
• Many slides include notes such as: the Performance Expectations, Anchor
Phenomenon, lesson objectives, building on prior knowledge, lab notes.
• It is recommended that students utilize an evidence notebook as they ask
questions, collect evidence and data throughout the lessons. This will help them
with sense-making of the Anchor Phenomenon. Look for the notebook icon on the
first and last slide of each lesson as a reminder.
o Support for Evidence Notebooks can be found in the front of your
Teacher Edition, and prompts will be shown in the student text throughout
each lesson.
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Teaching Notes

2. Teaching Notes: Using Unit & Lesson Slides
• It is recommended you play/present
slides when using for instruction.
• Note: Some videos may not play with
Google Slides. All videos can be found in
the Student & Teacher eBooks
• Slides that contain animations will have
content that is initially hidden and
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view. You can see all slide content in
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Teaching Notes

3. Teaching Suggestions: In-Person, Remote or
Hybrid
This editable, flexible resource can be used in a growing number
of ways to meet your needs while supporting remote, hybrid or
in-person teaching and learning for all:
• In-person instructional and learning tool for teachers and
students
• Digital or remote presentation tool for online or virtual
meetings
• Easy-to-follow for parent-led instruction or substitute teachers
• Flipped model instructional support for student distance
learning
• Student collaboration or alternative to collecting student
responses
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Teaching Notes

4. Module C
Unit 3: Reproduction, Heredity, and
Growth
Lesson 1: Asexual and Sexual Reproduction

5. 5
ELD Language Support
Lesson Vocabulary
• offspring — a new organism that results from sexual or
asexual reproduction
• asexual reproduction — reproduction that does not
involve the union of sex cells and in which one parent
produces offspring that are genetically identical to the
parent
• sexual reproduction — reproduction in which the sex
cells from two parents unite to produce offspring that
share traits from both parents
Mod B Unit 3 Lesson 2

6. 6
ELD Language Support
Lesson Vocabulary
• gamete — a haploid reproductive cell that unites with
another haploid reproductive cell to form a zygote
ELL/ELD Strategy
Identifying Word Parts You can understand the complex
vocabulary in this lesson by breaking the words into prefixes,
roots, and suffixes. By learning the meanings of word parts,
you can grasp the concept of reproduction.
Mod B Unit 3 Lesson 2

7. 7
Can You Explain It?
Why is the Cavendish banana in danger of extinction?
Panama disease is caused
by a soil fungus, which
enters the plant through
the roots. The fungus
grows in the plant’s
transport tissue and
blocks the flow of water
and nutrients throughout
the plant. Banana crops
throughout the world are
being devastated by Panama disease.
Mod B Unit 3 Lesson 2

8. • In order for a species to
survive, individual organisms
of that species must make
more organisms like themselves.
• Organisms produce offspring like themselves.
• Reproduction—the process by which organisms generate
a new individual of the same species—is a characteristic
of all living things.
• During the process of reproduction, organisms pass
genetic material to their offspring.
8
Describing Types of Reproduction
Mod B Unit 3 Lesson 2

9. 9
Types of Reproduction
Mod B Unit 3 Lesson 2
• The two types of reproduction
are asexual reproduction and
sexual reproduction.
• In asexual reproduction, a
single individual is the parent.
• The parent passes copies of its genes to its offspring, so
the offspring are genetically identical to the parent.
• Most unicellular organisms reproduce asexually.
• Fungi, plants, and some animals can reproduce asexually.
• Asexual reproduction allows an organism to reproduce
quickly and can produce a large number of offspring in a
short period of time.

10. 10
Types of Reproduction
Mod B Unit 3 Lesson 2
• In sexual reproduction, there
are two parents.
• Each parent contributes half of
its genetic information to the
offspring.
• Most multicellular organisms reproduce sexually,
including plants and animals.
• Sexual reproduction usually takes more time and
produces fewer offspring than asexual reproduction,
however, sexual reproduction increases genetic variation.
• This variation increases the chance offspring will have
traits that will help them survive a changing environment.

11. 11
Types of Reproduction
Banana plants grown for food crops are the result of asexual
reproduction. Does the genetic information of each plant
come from one or two parents? Record your evidence.
Mod B Unit 3 Lesson 2

12. 12
Relating Reproduction to Genetic Variation
Mod B Unit 3 Lesson 2
• Reproduction is the
process by which
organisms inherit genes.
• The genes inherited from
the parent or parents
determine the genetic
traits of offspring.
• When an organism
reproduces asexually, all the genetic material of the
offspring is inherited from one parent.
• When an organism reproduces sexually, the offspring
receives half of its genes from each parent.

13. 13
Inheritance and Asexual Reproduction
Mod B Unit 3 Lesson 2
• Prokaryotes are unicellular and
reproduce by a type of cell division
called binary fission.
• It results in two unicellular
organisms identical to the parent.
• Asexual reproduction in
multicellular organisms is more
complicated but results in genetically identical cells.
• Genetically identical offspring ensures that favorable
traits that the parent has are passed on to the offspring.
• But, a population with low genetic variation is less likely
to have individuals with traits that allow them to survive.

14. 14
Inheritance and Sexual Reproduction
Mod B Unit 3 Lesson 2
• Sexual reproduction requires
two parents.
• Each parent produces
gametes, or sex cells.
• In animals, many plants,
and fungi, female organisms
produce eggs and male
organisms produce sperm cells.
• Gametes have half the total number of chromosomes, one
copy of each chromosome.
• The parent gametes are all genetically different.

15. 15
Inheritance and Sexual Reproduction
Mod B Unit 3 Lesson 2
• During sexual reproduction,
a sperm cell and an egg join
during fertilization.
• When an egg is fertilized a
zygote is formed.
• This cell has a complete set
of genetic material, half
from each parent.
• The genes may be identical, or they may differ from one
another.
• The zygote will go through many cell divisions to form an
organism that is genetically different from both parents.

16. 16
Inheritance and Sexual Reproduction
Advantages of Genetic Variation
Mod B Unit 3 Lesson 2
• Sexual reproduction increases
genetic variation in a
population of organisms.
• Offspring have different traits
from their parents and from
each other.
• Genetic variation improves
the chance that at least some individuals will survive.
• If the environment changes, a population with greater
genetic variation is more likely to have individuals with
traits that will allow them to survive new conditions.

17. 17
HANDS-ON LAB
Model Asexual and
Sexual Reproduction
You will predict the genotypes
and phenotypes resulting from
the asexual and sexual
reproduction of apple trees.
You will then compare the
effects that each type of
reproduction has on genetic
variation in the apple tree
population.
See the Student eBook for a downloadable worksheet or
page 148-149 for ideas to help you get started.
Mod B Unit 3 Lesson 2

18. 18
Model Asexual and Sexual Reproduction
Genetic variation can result in differences in many traits,
including resistance to diseases. Describe the genetic
variation of the banana plants grown for food. How do you
think this level of variation relates to the threat of Panama
disease in banana crops? Record your evidence.
Mod B Unit 3 Lesson 2

19. 19
TAKE IT FURTHER
Factors That Influence Reproduction
Nearly every multicellular
organism reproduces sexually, but
some can also reproduce asexually.
Environmental factors, such light,
temperature, and food supply, can
influence the type of reproduction
used by these organisms.
Organisms that can use both types
of reproduction are able to successfully reproduce when conditions are
favorable and also when conditions become more challenging.
Mod B Unit 3 Lesson 2
Other organisms that can reproduce both sexually and asexually
include Komodo dragons, stick insects, ginger plants, and yeasts.
With a classmate, select one of these species and research its
reproductive strategies. Under what conditions does the organism
use the different modes of reproduction? Present your findings in a
poster or presentation.

20. 20
Can You Explain It?
Refer to the notes in your
Evidence Notebook to help
you construct an
explanation for why the
Cavendish banana is in
danger of extinction.
• State your claim. Make sure your claim fully explains
why the Cavendish banana is in danger of extinction.
• Summarize the evidence you have gathered to support
your findings and explain your reasoning.
Mod B Unit 3 Lesson 2

21. Image Credits
Mod B Unit 3 Lesson 2
grizzly bears ©Jo Overholt/Design Pics/First Light/Getty Images; banana farm
©Nigel Cattlin/Alamy; banana cross-section ©David Hancock/Alamy; Source;
luna moth ©Studio410/iStock/Getty Images Plus/Getty Images; luna moth
caterpillar ©George Grail/National Geographic/Getty Images; bacteria ©CNRI/
Science Source; coral dahlia ©Dirk Herdramm/EyeEm/Getty Images; hydra
©Tom Branch/Science Source; Lactococcus lactis ©SCIMAT/Science Source;
honeybee ©fiftymm99/Moment/Getty Images
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Mod B Unit 3 Lesson 2