Cookies originated in the Netherlands in the 1400s when the Dutch would test their oven temperatures using small pieces of cake batter called "koekje", which means "little cake". These early cookies were made without sugar. By the late 1400s, cookies were growing in popularity and could be bought in the streets of Paris. Dutch, English, and Scottish immigrants brought cookies to America in the 1600s. The first chocolate chip cookie was created by accident in 1937 by Ruth Wakefield when she substituted chocolate for nuts in her recipe. This became the famous Toll House cookie.