History of Medicine Timeline
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This is a timeline of major medical developments in history. The timeline begins in ancient times and continues on to current times. Today, healthcare is the largest industry in the world.
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Tips for getting the best certified translation in Houston. Whether you need a legal translation or a certified translation, this infographic explains the differences between the two and how you can save money, time and frustration by choosing the right Houston translation services provider. Find out what it means to get a notarized translation and an apostille and who you should avoid when shopping around. Whether you need a birth certificate translation, marriage certificate translation, divorce decree translation, death certificate translation, driver's license translation, medical translation, financial translation or legal translation, you will need certified translation services in Houston. Expert certified translators are available for all languages including Arabic, Bulgarian, Chinese, Dutch, Farsi, French, German, Hindi, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Turkish, and Urdu. Learn more about certified translations for immigration (USCIS), emigration, business, law, medical and finance by reading this infographic.
Pillars of Content Strategy
Strategic content requires planning your message to accomplish specific goals and objectives. Problems arise when communicators ignore the pillars of strategic content strategy
Global Marketing Guide
Global marketing is conducted in a multicultural and multiethnic space that transcends national borders and cultural confines. Standardizing marketing communication throughout the world offers managers centralized control and economies of scale by employing a ‘one size fits all’ strategy. However, ignoring cultural and ethnic differences can be fatal. The field of marketing contains a substantial number of product and advertising failures that stem from poor language translations, poor planning and the lack of thinking from the market’s cultural perspective.
Pillars of Diversity
Nine characteristics determine the successful outcomes of diverse teams. Problems arise when teams lack an adequate understanding of these 9 pillars of successful diverse teams, which ensure that members act with common goals, control and adequate coordination, respect and encouragement from and towards others, active participation of all, responsibility, unwavering commitment, and in an environment that fosters healthy conflict, problem resolution and ethical behavior.
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This infographic provides 27 ways to improve your cultural and linguistic knowledge in Houston. The graphic provides a description and dates of leading Houston festivals and top Houston cultural events. The calendar and infographic gets updated regularly.
Characteristics and Dimensions of Culture
Culture is learned culture is dynamic culture is logical culture is visible culture is contextual formaily individualism. culture is enforced, culture is shared, and culture is leaned.
Tip For Building Highly Successful Multicultural Teams
Tips for building successful cross functional, multicultural teams. Includes information on positive and negative team roles and characteristics of successful teams.
Positive negative-roles-team-members
Each member of a multi-cultural team can play one or more roles, and their roles can change throughout the life of the team. These team member roles can affect the team positively or negatively, depending on when and to what extent they are used.
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Infographic covering percent of world with mental or physical disabilities. Includes intellectual disability, physical disability, blindness, and those with hearing loss.
Strategies For Building Brand Equity
Brand equity makes one brand more preferable than another competing brand. Brands with strong brand equity consistently outperform the markets where they do business. This infographic lists strategies for strengthening brand equity and explains emotional capital. Finally, it lists some simple ways to improve online brand communication.
6 Pillars of Effective Communication
What does it take for business communication to be successful? Regardless of your role in a business, for your communication to be successful you must communicate with purpose, know your audience, have the resources in place to transmit your message and have it received without interference, follow an ethical code and the laws that govern communication, work cooperatively to integrate diverse ideas and ensure that the communication of sensitive information is done securely.
How to Develop A Powerful International Presentation
Amazing developments in communication technology, global acquisitions and partnerships, immigration, and even international student exchange programs have led to the demand for professionals with strong global communication skills. Developing a strong international presentation requires a presenter to think strategically and develop objectives in order to reach the audience being targeted.
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The Presenting Dead - How to Avoiding Spooky Presentation Blunders
A multitude of problems can go wrong in a presentation. These problems multiply when presenting to foreign audiences who aren’t native speakers of English. This infographic identifies the most common mistakes like lack of planning, ambiguity, being stiff, mumbling and anxiety. Recommendations are also provided.
International Relationship Marketing
Under the International Relationship Management strategy, all stakeholders in the supply chain must be integrated and aligned to the overall objective: development of a relationship among all constituents that produces a strategic core competitive advantage that is mutually beneficial.
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It is mostly found in the brain, intestines, and blood platelets.
5-HT is utilised to transport messages between nerve cells, is known to be involved in smooth muscle contraction, and adds to overall well-being and pleasure, among other benefits. 5-HT regulates the body's sleep-wake cycles and internal clock by acting as a precursor to melatonin.
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Breast cancer: Post menopausal endocrine therapy
Breast cancer in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) status is a common and complex condition that necessitates a multifaceted approach to management. HR+ breast cancer means that the cancer cells grow in response to hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. This subtype is prevalent among postmenopausal women and typically exhibits a more indolent course compared to other forms of breast cancer, which allows for a variety of treatment options.
Diagnosis and Staging
The diagnosis of HR+ breast cancer begins with clinical evaluation, imaging, and biopsy. Imaging modalities such as mammography, ultrasound, and MRI help in assessing the extent of the disease. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy sample confirm the diagnosis and hormone receptor status by identifying the presence of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) on the tumor cells.
Staging involves determining the size of the tumor (T), the involvement of regional lymph nodes (N), and the presence of distant metastasis (M). The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system is commonly used. Accurate staging is critical as it guides treatment decisions.
Treatment Options
Endocrine Therapy
Endocrine therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for HR+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The primary goal is to reduce the levels of estrogen or block its effects on cancer cells. Commonly used agents include:
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Tamoxifen is a SERM that binds to estrogen receptors, blocking estrogen from stimulating breast cancer cells. It is effective but may have side effects such as increased risk of endometrial cancer and thromboembolic events.
Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs): These drugs, including anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane, lower estrogen levels by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, which converts androgens to estrogen in peripheral tissues. AIs are generally preferred in postmenopausal women due to their efficacy and safety profile compared to tamoxifen.
Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulators (SERDs): Fulvestrant is a SERD that degrades estrogen receptors and is used in cases where resistance to other endocrine therapies develops.
Combination Therapies
Combining endocrine therapy with other treatments enhances efficacy. Examples include:
Endocrine Therapy with CDK4/6 Inhibitors: Palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib are CDK4/6 inhibitors that, when combined with endocrine therapy, significantly improve progression-free survival in advanced HR+ breast cancer.
Endocrine Therapy with mTOR Inhibitors: Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, can be added to endocrine therapy for patients who have developed resistance to aromatase inhibitors.
Chemotherapy
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The Nervous and Chemical Regulation of Respiration
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Learning objectives:
1. Describe the organisation of respiratory center
2. Describe the nervous control of inspiration and respiratory rhythm
3. Describe the functions of the dorsal and respiratory groups of neurons
4. Describe the influences of the Pneumotaxic and Apneustic centers
5. Explain the role of Hering-Breur inflation reflex in regulation of inspiration
6. Explain the role of central chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
7. Explain the role of peripheral chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
8. Explain the regulation of respiration during exercise
9. Integrate the respiratory regulatory mechanisms
10. Describe the Cheyne-Stokes breathing
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 42, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 36, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 13, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
What are the different types of Dental implants.
Are you looking for a long-lasting solution to your missing tooth?
Dental implants are the most common type of method for replacing the missing tooth. Unlike dentures or bridges, implants are surgically placed in the jawbone. In layman’s terms, a dental implant is similar to the natural root of the tooth. It offers a stable foundation for the artificial tooth giving it the look, feel, and function similar to the natural tooth.
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