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1. The Hip Bone
(Os Coxae)

2. Hip Bone
Anterior View Anatomical Position
Hip Bone

3. The Hip Bone is a
composite of 3 bones

4. Pubis
The Hip Bone is a
composite of 3 bones
Pubis

5. Pubis
Ischium
The Hip Bone is a
composite of 3 bones
Pubis
Ischium

6. Pubis
Ischium
Ilium The Hip Bone is a
composite of 3 bones
Pubis
Ischium
Ilium

7. These three bones meet
within the Acetabulum
Acetabulum (Latin for Vinegar Cup)
Pubis
Ischium
Ilium

8. During development they are
separated from each other by
the Triradiate Cartilage

9. During development they are
separated from each other by
the Triradiate Cartilage

10. In the Acetabulum is a
horseshoe shaped facet
covered in life by articular
hyaline cartilage
It is one of the two articular
surfaces in the Hip Joint

11. The Pubis consists of
3 main sections and
has a number of
interesting features

12. The Pubis consists of
3 main sections and
has a number of
interesting features
Superior Ramus of Pubis

13. The Pubis consists of
3 main sections and
has a number of
interesting features
Body of Pubis

14. The Pubis consists of
3 main sections and
has a number of
interesting features
Inferior Ramus
of Pubis

15. The Pubis consists of
3 main sections and
has a number of
interesting features
Obturator Crest
Obturator Groove

16. Pubic Tubercle
provides attachment for
Inguinal Ligament

17. Pubic Tubercle
provides attachment for
Adductor Longus

18. The Inferior Pubic Ramus
joins with the
Ramus of the Ischium
Ischial Ramus
Inferior Pubic Ramus

19. Body of
Ischium
Body of Ischium

20. Ischial
Tuberosity
The Ischial Tuberosity is
the part of the Hip Bone
upon which the upper
body rests when a person
is seated

21. The Ischial Tuberosity is
the part of the Hip Bone
upon which the upper
body rests when a person
is seated
Hip Bone has been tilted
to demonstrate the ischial
tuberosity

22. Ischial Spine
Hip Bone has been tilted
to demonstrate the ischial
spine

23. The ‘Hole’ in the Hip Bone
is the
Obturator Foramen

24. The ‘Hole’ in the Hip Bone
is the
Obturator Foramen

25. Posterolateral view of the right Hip Bone
The Ilium also has a
number of interesting
features

26. It has an internal (or
medial) surface
The Ilium also has a
number of interesting
features

27. Posterolateral view of the Hip Bone
And a Gluteal or
Posterolateral surface
The Ilium also has a
number of interesting
features

28. Ilium
Body of the Ilium

29. Ala of Ilium

30. Iliac Crest

31. Iliac Crest
Runs from
Anterior Superior Iliac Spine

32. Iliac Crest
Runs from
Anterior Superior Iliac Spine
to the
Posterior Superior Iliac Spine

33. Iliac Crest
Below the
Posterior Superior Iliac Spine
is the
Posterior Inferior Iliac Spine

34. Iliac Crest
The Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine
is below the
Anterior Superior Iliac Spine

35. Posterolateral view of the Hip Bone
The Gluteal Surface of
the Ilium provides
attachment for the
Gluteal Muscles

36. Gluteus Maximus

37. The Medial Surface of the Ilium is divided into 2 parts

38. The Medial Surface of the Ilium is divided into 2 parts
Auricular Facet

39. The Medial Surface of the Ilium is divided into 2 parts
Auricular Facet

40. The Auricular Facet
Articulates with the
Sacrum at the
Sacroiliac Joint

41. The Auricular Facet
Articulates with the
Sacrum at the
Sacroiliac Joint

42. Iliac Fossa

43. The Iliac Fossa provides
attachment for
Iliacus
which inserts onto the Lesser
Trochanter of the Femur
Iliacus flexes the Hip Joint

44. Muscle Attachments

45. Postero-lateral View
Tensor Fasciae Latae
Originates from
• anterior superior
iliac spine
• outer lip of anterior
1/4th of iliac crest
• fascia lata

46. Postero-lateral View
Tensor Fasciae Latae
Inserts via the
Iliotibial Tract (band)
onto
Gerdy’s Tubercle
on anterior aspect
of Lateral Tibial
Condyle
Originates from
• anterior superior
iliac spine
• outer lip of anterior
1/4th of iliac crest
• fascia lata

47. Postero-lateral View
Sartorius
Originates from the
Anterior Superior
Iliac Spine

48. Postero-lateral View
Sartorius
Originates from the
Anterior Superior
Iliac Spine
Inserts onto the
medial aspect of
upper Tibia

49. Postero-lateral View
Sartorius
Originates from the
Anterior Superior
Iliac Spine
Inserts onto the
medial aspect of
upper Tibia
• Flexes, adducts
and laterally
rotates the hip
• Flexes the knee

50. Postero-lateral View
Gluteus Medius
Originates from outer surface of
Ilium between
Posterior and Anterior (middle)
Gluteal Lines

51. Postero-lateral View
Gluteus Medius
Inserts onto
lateral surface of
Greater Trochanter of
Femur
Originates from outer surface of
Ilium between
Posterior and Anterior (middle)
Gluteal Lines

52. Postero-lateral View
Gluteus Medius
Originates from outer surface of
Ilium between
Posterior and Anterior (middle)
Gluteal Lines
Inserts onto
lateral surface of
Greater Trochanter of
Femur
• Abducts thigh
• Medially rotates hip

53. Postero-lateral View
Gluteus Minimus
Originates from outer surface of
Ilium between
Inferior and Anterior (middle)
Gluteal lines

54. Postero-lateral View
Gluteus Minimus
Inserts onto
anterior surface of
Greater Trochanter
of Femur
Originates from outer surface of
Ilium between
Inferior and Anterior (middle)
Gluteal lines

55. Postero-lateral View
Gluteus Minimus
Inserts onto
anterior surface of
Greater Trochanter
of Femur
Abducts and
medially rotates the
hip joint
Originates from outer surface of
Ilium between
Inferior and Anterior (middle)
Gluteal lines

56. Postero-lateral View
Gluteus Maximus
Originates from
• Posterior aspect of dorsal ilium
posterior to posterior gluteal line
• posterior superior iliac crest
• posterior surface of sacrum and
coccyx
• sacrotuberous ligament

57. Postero-lateral View
Gluteus Maximus
Inserts onto
• Iliotibial band
• Gluteal Tuberosity posterior
Femur

58. Postero-lateral View
Gluteus Maximus
Inserts onto
• Iliotibial band
• Gluteal Tuberosity posterior
Femur
Extends and laterally rotates hip

59. Postero-lateral View
Piriformis
Originates from
• anterior surface of Sacrum
• gluteal surface of Ilium at
the margin of the greater
sciatic notch

60. Postero-lateral View
Piriformis
Originates from
• anterior surface of Sacrum
• gluteal surface of Ilium at
the margin of the greater
sciatic notch
Inserts onto
superior aspect
Greater Trochanter
of Femur

61. Postero-lateral View
Piriformis
Originates from
• anterior surface of Sacrum
• gluteal surface of Ilium at
the margin of the greater
sciatic notch
Inserts onto
superior aspect
Greater Trochanter
of Femur
Laterally rotates Hip Joint

62. Postero-lateral View
Superior Gemellus
Originates from a small area on the
outer surface of hip bone below
Ischial Spine

63. Postero-lateral View
Superior Gemellus
Originates from a small area on the
outer surface of hip bone below
Ischial Spine
Inserts onto the medial surface
of Greater Trochanter of Femur

64. Postero-lateral View
Superior Gemellus
Inserts onto the medial surface
of Greater Trochanter of Femur
Laterally
rotates the
Hip
Originates from a small area on the
outer surface of hip bone below
Ischial Spine

65. Postero-lateral View
Semitendinosus
Originates from supero-medial
quadrant on the posterior surface
of the Ischial Tuberosity

66. Postero-lateral View
Semitendinosus
Originates from supero-medial
quadrant on the posterior surface
of the Ischial Tuberosity
Inserts onto superior
aspect medial Tibial
shaft
behind Sartorius and
Gracilis

67. Postero-lateral View
Semitendinosus
Originates from superior medial
quadrant on the posterior surface
of the Ischial Tuberosity
Inserts onto superior
aspect medial Tibial
shaft behind
Sartorius and
Gracilis
• Extends Hip
• Flexes and medially
rotates the Knee

68. Postero-lateral View
Originates from superior medial
quadrant on the posterior surface
of the Ischial Tuberosity
Biceps Femoris
(long head)

69. Postero-lateral View
Originates from superior medial
quadrant on the posterior surface
of the Ischial Tuberosity
Inserts in common with
the short head onto
• Fibular head
• Lateral Collateral
Ligament of Knee
• Lateral Tibial Condyle
Biceps Femoris
(long head)

70. Postero-lateral View
Biceps Femoris
(long head)
Originates from superior medial
quadrant on the posterior surface
of the Ischial Tuberosity
Inserts in common with
the short head onto
• Fibular head
• Lateral Collateral
Ligament of Knee
• Lateral Tibial Condyle
• Flexes the Knee
• Rotates Tibia laterally
• Extends the Hip

71. Postero-lateral View
Semimembranosus
Originates from superior lateral
quadrant on the posterior surface
of the Ischial Tuberosity

72. Postero-lateral View
Semimembranosus
Originates from superior lateral
quadrant on the posterior surface
of the Ischial Tuberosity
Inserts onto
• Medial Tibial Condyle
• Fascia over Popliteus
• Oblique Popliteal
Ligament

73. Postero-lateral View
Semimembranosus
Originates from superior lateral
quadrant on the posterior surface
of the Ischial Tuberosity
• Extends Hip
• Flexes and medially
rotates Knee
Inserts onto
• Medial Tibial Condyle
• Fascia over Popliteus
• Oblique Popliteal
Ligament

74. Quadratus Femoris
Originates from lateral border of
Ischial Tuberosity
Inferior-lateral View

75. Quadratus Femoris
Originates from lateral border of
Ischial Tuberosity
Inferior-lateral View
Inserts onto
Quadrate tubercle on Intertrochanteric
Crest and adjacent area of posterior
Femur

76. Quadratus Femoris
Originates from lateral border of
Ischial Tuberosity
Laterally rotates hip
Inferior-lateral View
Inserts onto
Quadrate tubercle on Intertrochanteric
Crest and adjacent area of posterior
Femur

77. Adductor Magnus
Has two different functional components
Adductor portion originates from the
Inferior pubic ramus and ischial ramus
Hamstring portion originates from ischial
tuberosity
Inferior-lateral View

78. Adductor Magnus
Adductor portion originates from the
Inferior Pubic Ramus and Ischial Ramus
Hamstring portion originates from Ischial
Tuberosity
Adductor portion inserts
onto Linea Aspera
Hamstring portion inserts
onto the Adductor
Tubercle
Inferior-lateral View

79. Adductor Magnus
Adductor portion originates from the
Inferior Pubic Ramus and Ischial Ramus
Hamstring portion originates from Ischial
Tuberosity
Adductor portion inserts
onto Linea Aspera
Hamstring portion inserts
onto the Adductor
Tubercle
Adductor portion: adducts
and medially rotates Hip
Joint
Hamstring portion:
extends Hip Joint
Inferior-lateral View

80. Adductor Brevis
Originates from Pubis
• Inferior ramus
• Body
Inferior-lateral View

81. Adductor Brevis
Originates from Pubis
• Inferior ramus
• Body
Inserts onto upper third
Linea Aspera of Femur
Inferior-lateral View

82. Adductor Brevis
Originates from Pubis
• Inferior ramus
• Body
Inserts onto upper third
Linea Aspera of Femur
Adducts and flexes Hip
Inferior-lateral View

83. Adductor Longus
Originates from anterior surface of
body of Pubis
Inferior-lateral View

84. Adductor Longus
Originates from anterior surface of
body of Pubis
Inserts onto Linea Aspera of
Femur
Inferior-lateral View

85. Adductor Longus
Originates from anterior surface of
body of Pubis
Inserts onto Linea Aspera of
Femur
Adducts, flexes and
medially rotates the Hip
Joint
Inferior-lateral View

86. Gracilis
Originates from
• Inferior ramus of pubis
• Ramus of ischium
Inferior-lateral View

87. Gracilis
Originates from
• Inferior ramus of pubis
• Ramus of ischium
Inserts onto medial
surface of upper Tibial
shaft
Inferior-lateral View

88. Gracilis
• Adducts Hip
• Flexes Knee
Medially rotates
Tibia on Femur
Inferior-lateral View
Originates from
• Inferior ramus of pubis
• Ramus of ischium
Inserts onto medial
surface of upper Tibial
shaft

89. Obturator Externus
Originates from
• Outer surface of Obturator Membrane
Posterior bony margins of Obturator
Foramen
Inferior-lateral View

90. Obturator Externus
Originates from
• Outer surface of Obturator Membrane
Posterior bony margins of Obturator
Foramen
Inserts onto Greater Trochanter of Femur
Inferior-lateral View

91. Obturator Externus
Originates from
• Outer surface of Obturator Membrane
Posterior bony margins of Obturator
Foramen
Inserts onto Greater Trochanter of Femur
Laterally rotates hip
Inferior-lateral View

92. Rectus Femoris
Straight head originates from
Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine
Inferior-lateral View

93. Rectus Femoris
Straight head originates from
Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine
Reflected head originates from Ilium
just above Acetabulum
Inferior-lateral View

94. Inferior-lateral View
Rectus Femoris
Straight head originates from
Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine
Reflected head originates from Ilium
just above Acetabulum
Inserts onto Patella to form
central portion of
Quadriceps Femoris tendon

95. Rectus Femoris
Straight head originates from
Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine
Reflected head originates from Ilium
just above Acetabulum
Inserts onto Patella to form
central portion of
Quadriceps Femoris tendon
Extends the knee
Inferior-lateral View

96. Iliacus
Originates from
• Upper 2/3 of Iliac Fossa of Ilium
• Lateral aspect of sacrum
Medial View right hip bone
Inserts onto Lesser
trochanter of Femur
Flexes and medially
rotates Hip

97. Muscle Summaries

98. Tensor Fasciae Latae
Origin Anterior superior iliac spine, outer
lip of anterior iliac crest and fascia
lata
Insertion Via the Iliotibial band onto Gerdy’s
tubercle on lateral tibial condyle
Action Assists gluteus maximus in
maintaining extended knee,
abducts hip
Nerve Supply Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)
Blood Supply Superior gluteal and lateral
circumflex femoral artery
Anterior Thigh

99. Sartorius
Origin Anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion Superior aspect medial surface of
tibial shaft
Action Flexes, adducts and laterally rotates
the hip joint and flexes the knee
Nerve Supply Anterior division of femoral nerve
(L3, L4)
Blood Supply Femoral artery
Anterior Thigh

100. Gluteus Medius
Origin Outer surface of ilium between
posterior and anterior gluteal
lines
Insertion Lateral and superior surfaces of
greater trochanter of femur
Action Abducts thigh; medially rotates
hip
Nerve Supply Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)
Blood Supply Superior gluteal artery
Gluteal Region

101. Gluteus Minimus
Origin Outer surface of ilium between
inferior and anterior gluteal lines
Insertion Anterior surface of greater
trochanter of femur
Action Abducts and medially rotates the
hip joint
Nerve Supply Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)
Blood Supply Superior gluteal artery
Gluteal Region

102. Gluteus Maximus
Origin Posterior aspect of dorsal
ilium posterior to posterior
gluteal line, posterior superior
iliac crest, lateral sacrum and
coccyx, and sacrotuberous
ligament
Insertion Iliotibial band; gluteal
tuberosity posterior femur
Action Extends and laterally rotates
hip
Nerve Supply Inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1,
S2)
Blood Supply Inferior and superior gluteal
arteries
Gluteal Region

103. Piriformis
Origin Anterior surface of lateral
process of sacrum and gluteal
surface of ilium at the margin of
the greater sciatic notch
Insertion Superior aspect greater
trochanter of femur
Action Lateral rotator of the hip joint
Nerve Supply Anterior primary rami S1, S2
Blood Supply Superior and inferior gluteal and
internal pudendal arteries
Gluteal Region

104. Gluteal Region
Superior Gemellus
Origin Outer aspect of Ischium
Insertion Medial surface of greater
trochanter of femur, in
common with obturator
internus
Action Laterally rotates hip
Nerve Supply Nerve to the obturator
internus
Blood Supply Inferior gluteal artery

105. Semitendinosus
Origin Superior medial quadrant,
posterior surface ischial tuberosity
Insertion Superior aspect, medial tibial shaft
Action Extends hip, flexes and medially
rotates knee
Nerve Supply Tibial portion sciatic nerve (L5, S1)
Blood Supply Perforating branches of profunda
femoris artery, inferior gluteal
artery, superior muscular branches
of popliteal artery
Posterior thigh

106. Posterior Thigh
Biceps Femoris
Origin Long Head: Superior medial quadrant
of the posterior surface of the ischial
tuberosity
Short Head:Middle third linea aspera,
lateral supracondylar ridge of femur
Insertion Fibular head, lateral collateral
ligament, lateral tibial condyle
Action Flexes the knee, rotates tibia laterally,
extends the hip joint
Nerve Supply Long head: tibial portion of sciatic
nerve, Short head: common peroneal
portion of sciatic nerve (L5, S1)
Blood Supply Perforating branches of profunda
femoris artery, inferior gluteal artery,
superior muscular branches of
popliteal artery

107. Semimembranosus
Origin Superior lateral quadrant of
posterior surface ischial
tuberosity
Insertion Posterior surface of the medial
tibial condyle, fascia over
popliteus, oblique popliteal
ligament
Action Extends hip, flexes and medially
rotates the knee
Nerve Supply Tibial portion of sciatic nerve
(L5, S1)
Blood Supply Perforating branches of profunda
femoris artery, inferior gluteal
artery, and the superior muscular
branches of popliteal artery
Posterior thigh

108. Gluteal Region
Quadratus Femoris
Origin Lateral border ischial
tuberosity
Insertion Quadrate tubercle and
adjacent bone of
intertrochanteric crest of
posterior aspect femur
Action Laterally rotates hip
Nerve Supply Nerve to the quadratus
femoris
Blood Supply Medial circumflex femoral
artery, inferior gluteal artery,
obturator artery,

109. Anterior Thigh
Adductor Magnus
Origin Adductor portion: Inferior pubic
ramus, ischial ramus
Hamstring portion: ischial tuberosity
Insertion Adductor portion: Linea aspera
Hamstring portion: Medial
supracondylar ridge and adductor
tubercle
Action Adductor portion:adducts and
medially rotates hip
Hamstring portion: extends hip
Nerve Supply Adductor portion: Posterior division
of obturator nerve (L2-4)
Hamstring portion: tibial nerve
portion of sciatic nerve (L4-S3)
Blood Supply Medial circumflex femoral artery,
inferior gluteal artery, 1st - 4th
perforating arteries, obturator artery,
popliteal artery

110. Adductor Brevis
Origin Inferior ramus and body of pubis
Insertion Upper third linea aspera of femur
Action Adducts and flexes hip joint
Nerve Supply Anterior division obturator nerve
(L2, L3, L4)
Blood Supply Medial circumflex femoral branch
of femoral artery and obturator
artery
Anterior Thigh

111. Adductor Longus
Origin Anterior surface of body of pubis,
just lateral to pubic symphysis
Insertion Middle third of linea aspera,
between the more lateral adductor
magnus and brevis insertions and
the more medial origin of the
vastus medialis
Action Adducts, flexes and medially
rotates the hip joint
Nerve Supply Anterior division of obturator nerve
(L2, L3, L4)
Blood Supply Obturator artery and medial
circumflex femoral artery
Anterior Thigh

112. Gluteal Region
Obturator Externus
Origin Outer surface of obturator
membrane and posterior
bony margins of obturator
foramen
Insertion Trochanteric Fossa on medial
aspect greater trochanter of
femur
Action Laterally rotates hip
Nerve Supply Posterior division obturator
nerve L2,3,4
Blood Supply Internal pudendal and
superior and inferior gluteal
arteries

113. Anterior Thigh
Rectus Femoris
Origin Straight head: anterior inferior iliac
spine
Reflected head: ilium just above
acetabulum
Insertion Base of patella to form the more
central portion of the quadriceps
femoris tendon
Action Extends the knee
Nerve Supply Posterior division of femoral nerve
(L2, L3, L4)
Blood Supply Lateral circumflex femoral artery

114. Hip Flexors
Iliacus
Origin Upper 2/3 of iliac fossa of
ilium, lateral aspect of sacrum
Insertion Lesser trochanter of femur
Action Flexes and medially rotates hip
Nerve Supply Muscular branch of femoral
nerve (L2, L3)
Blood Supply Lumbar branch of iliolumbar
branch of internal iliac artery