oestology of hip bone and its atachements

1. Hip & Pelvis Notes

2. PELVIS
 Made up of 2 innominate bones
making up 3 areas
 Ilium
 Ischium
 Pubis

3. ACETABULUM
 Accepts the femoral head – 75% of
head is always in the socket
 The joint is considered a ball and
socket joint
 The joint is very stable; but not very
mobile

4.  Labrum – fibrocartilage that deepens
the articular area on the acetabulum –
like adding a washer to a nut and bolt
– it adds congruency & stability
 When walking, most force is on the
superior aspect because the femur
hits it more causing more stress to the
labrum and acetabulum

6. FEMUR
 Longest and strongest bone in the
body
 Almost completely covered by muscle
 4 components of the proximal femur
 Greater trochanter
 Lesser trochanter
 Femoral head – in acetabulum
 Femoral neck – most commonly
fractured

8.  Greater trochanter
 Palpable at lateral buttock
 Reinforced knob of bone
 Attachment site for muscles that abduct (move
out) and externally rotate
 Lesser trochanter
 Distal attachment for iliopsoas
 Femoral head
 Femur tapers and thickens medially into a
spherical head
 Covered by articular cartilage except medial –
attachment for ligamentum teres
 Femoral neck
 Angle of inclination – 125 degrees is normal
 Shape of the neck creates an overhang system

9. PUBIC SYMPHYSIS
 Pelvic bones articulate anteriorly at
this relatively immobile joint
 Small degree of spreading,
compression, and rotation
 Bones are separated by
fibrocartilaginous disc

11. SACROILIAC JOINT
(SI JOINT)
 Each illium articulates with sacrum
 Very sturdy with limited ROM
 Strong ligaments bind the sacrum to
the pelvis
 SI joints are located at the triangle
part of thong underwear

13. INGUINAL LIGAMENT
 From ASIS to Pubic symphysis
 Palpated along underwear line in
groin

14. FEMORAL TRIANGLE
 The femoral pulse is located within
the triangle
 3 sided
 Superiorly (top) – inguinal ligament
 Laterally (outside) – Sartorius muscle
 Medially (inside) – Adductor Longus
Muscle

16. ARTHROLOGY
(study of the joint)
 The hip joint is surrounded by a large
and complex joint capsule
 Superiorly & anteriorly, the capsule is
thickest – corresponds to the areas of
greatest force
 3 ligaments
 Iliofemoral (resist excessive internal
rotation and flexion; main stabilizer)
 Pubofemoral
 Ischiofemoral

17. *****this chart is worth 36 points on
your test!
KNOW IT******
MOTION ROM PRIME MOVER
Hip Flexion 0-120 Rectus Femoris
Sartoris
Illiopsoas
Hip Extension 0-30 Gluteus Maximus
Hamstring
Hip Abduction 0-45 Gluteus Medius
Hip Adduction 0-15/20 Adductor Longus
Adductor Brevis
Adductor Magnus
Gracillis
Hip Internal Rotation 0-45 Gluteus Minimus
Hip External Rotation 0-45 Gluteus Maximus

19. Palpation

20. ASIS – where your pants
should sit; most prominent
bump on anterior side

21. Iliac Crest – superior to
ASIS; sides of hips

22. Iliac Tubercle – widest part
of iliac crest; superior to
ASIS

23. Greater Trochanter – lie on
side and it is the “bump”
on the outside of the hip

24. Pubic Tubercle – front of
pubic region

25. PSIS – dimples in your low
back; below L5 vertebrae;
lateral to sacrum

26. SI joint – step off medially
from PSIS; triangle of thong
above butt crack

27. Ischial tuberosity – “butt
bones”; “sitting bones”; go
inferior from greater
trochanter; origin of
hamstrings

28. Trochanteric bursa – on
greater trochanter

29. Sciatic nerve – ½ way
between greater trochanter
and ischial tuberosity

30. Hamstring origin – step off
ischial tuberosity

31. Piriformis muscle – ½ way
between sacrum and
greater trochanter; fans out
across top of buttock region

33. Inguinal ligament – runs
from ASIS to pubic
symphysis

34. Femoral Artery – inferior to
inguinal ligament; in
femoral triangle

36. Illiopsoas muscle – lateral
to umbilicus (belly button)

37. Rectus Femoris – origin @
AIIS (below ASIS)

38. Adductor Longus Muscle –
inner thigh

39. Sartorius muscle – origin
ASIS

40. Gluteus Maximus – buttock

41. Gluteus Medius – lie on side
and lift leg against
resistance; muscle is at top
of hip; top of underwear
line

42. Iliotibial (IT) band – runs
from iliac crest to lateral
knee; starts as a muscle
(tensor fascia latae) and
becomes tendon like on the
outside of the leg