HERBARIUM SHEET MOUNTS.pptx
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A herbarium is a collection of dried plants systematically arranged for study. To make a specimen, a plant is collected, pressed dry, and mounted on a sheet with notes. Mounting affixes the dried pressed plant and label to a heavy paper sheet for support during handling and storage. Common mounting techniques include gluing plants directly or with strips to the sheet, gluing plants onto an envelope strip, or attaching with pins. Herbaria document plant diversity and are used for identification, scientific study of habitats, chemicals, and evolution through preserved specimens and associated information.
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Herbarium
A herbarium is a collection of preserved plant specimens that are pressed, dried, and mounted on paper for storage and study. The key steps in creating and maintaining a herbarium include collecting plant specimens, pressing them to remove moisture, drying the plants completely, mounting the specimens on paper sheets, labeling each sheet with identifying details, and storing the sheets systematically in cabinets. Maintaining herbarium collections properly allows them to serve as valuable references for botanical research on plant identification, taxonomy, geography, and other topics.
Herbarium and plant collection
This document provides instructions for creating an herbarium, which is a collection of preserved plant specimens. It describes the purposes of an herbarium as allowing for accurate plant identification, creating a permanent record, and providing materials for research. The key aspects of making specimens are collecting whole plants or plant parts, pressing and drying them between sheets of paper for weeks, mounting them onto standard-sized paper sheets, and labeling them with identifying information. Proper preparation and storage allows herbarium specimens to last for hundreds of years.
herbarium-190813073311.pptx
Herbaria are collections of dried plant specimens that are carefully preserved, labeled, and organized according to taxonomic classification systems. Specimens are collected, pressed, dried and mounted on archival paper with detailed labels providing collection information. Mounted specimens are stored in cabinets and maintained to preserve them for scientific study and reference. Herbaria serve as repositories of voucher specimens that can be used for identification, to study geographic distributions, and as references for taxonomic and floristic research.
Herbarium
Herbaria are collections of dried plant specimens that are carefully preserved, labeled, and organized according to taxonomic classification systems. Specimens are collected, pressed, dried and mounted on paper to be stored in herbaria. This allows plants to be permanently preserved for scientific study, identification and reference. Herbaria play an important role in developing plant identification resources, documenting geographic distributions of species, and preserving type specimens that are critical for taxonomic research.
HERBARIUM TECHNIQUES.pptx
The document discusses techniques for preparing herbarium specimens of different plant groups. It covers methods for collecting, processing, and preserving specimens of angiosperms, succulents, conifers, water plants, algae, bryophytes, lichens, and more. Proper collection, pressing, drying, mounting, labeling, and storage are important to create high quality herbarium specimens for research and education. Pest control measures like heating, freezing, or fumigation help protect specimen collections.
HERBARIUM AND STAINING TECHNIQUES
The document discusses the preparation and preservation of plant specimens in herbaria. It covers collecting plant samples, pressing and drying them to remove moisture, mounting the dried samples on paper with labels, and storing them in herbaria for future study. Proper collection, handling, and preservation of plant samples is important for herbaria to serve their functions of conserving botanical information and allowing accurate identification of plant species.
Herbarium, Uses , Functions & Importance.pdf
The document discusses herbariums, which are repositories that preserve dried plant specimens for scientific study. Specimens are collected, poisoned to prevent decay, dried, mounted on paper sheets, and classified in the herbarium. Modern herbariums also include digitized databases and photographs. Precise methods are used to collect, preserve, and catalog specimens so they can serve as references for plant identification, classification, and research. The oldest known herbarium was established in 1570 in Italy.
How to make a herbarium
This document provides instructions for making a herbarium, including how to collect, press, dry, and mount plant specimens. It recommends collecting 3 samples of each species with all identifying features, and pressing them between newspaper in a plant press. Specimens should be allowed to fully dry before mounting on archival paper with labels providing collection details. The completed herbarium allows identification and study of preserved plant samples.
Recommended
Herbarium
A herbarium is a collection of preserved plant specimens that are pressed, dried, and mounted on paper for storage and study. The key steps in creating and maintaining a herbarium include collecting plant specimens, pressing them to remove moisture, drying the plants completely, mounting the specimens on paper sheets, labeling each sheet with identifying details, and storing the sheets systematically in cabinets. Maintaining herbarium collections properly allows them to serve as valuable references for botanical research on plant identification, taxonomy, geography, and other topics.
Herbarium and plant collection
This document provides instructions for creating an herbarium, which is a collection of preserved plant specimens. It describes the purposes of an herbarium as allowing for accurate plant identification, creating a permanent record, and providing materials for research. The key aspects of making specimens are collecting whole plants or plant parts, pressing and drying them between sheets of paper for weeks, mounting them onto standard-sized paper sheets, and labeling them with identifying information. Proper preparation and storage allows herbarium specimens to last for hundreds of years.
herbarium-190813073311.pptx
Herbaria are collections of dried plant specimens that are carefully preserved, labeled, and organized according to taxonomic classification systems. Specimens are collected, pressed, dried and mounted on archival paper with detailed labels providing collection information. Mounted specimens are stored in cabinets and maintained to preserve them for scientific study and reference. Herbaria serve as repositories of voucher specimens that can be used for identification, to study geographic distributions, and as references for taxonomic and floristic research.
Herbarium
Herbaria are collections of dried plant specimens that are carefully preserved, labeled, and organized according to taxonomic classification systems. Specimens are collected, pressed, dried and mounted on paper to be stored in herbaria. This allows plants to be permanently preserved for scientific study, identification and reference. Herbaria play an important role in developing plant identification resources, documenting geographic distributions of species, and preserving type specimens that are critical for taxonomic research.
HERBARIUM TECHNIQUES.pptx
The document discusses techniques for preparing herbarium specimens of different plant groups. It covers methods for collecting, processing, and preserving specimens of angiosperms, succulents, conifers, water plants, algae, bryophytes, lichens, and more. Proper collection, pressing, drying, mounting, labeling, and storage are important to create high quality herbarium specimens for research and education. Pest control measures like heating, freezing, or fumigation help protect specimen collections.
HERBARIUM AND STAINING TECHNIQUES
The document discusses the preparation and preservation of plant specimens in herbaria. It covers collecting plant samples, pressing and drying them to remove moisture, mounting the dried samples on paper with labels, and storing them in herbaria for future study. Proper collection, handling, and preservation of plant samples is important for herbaria to serve their functions of conserving botanical information and allowing accurate identification of plant species.
Herbarium, Uses , Functions & Importance.pdf
The document discusses herbariums, which are repositories that preserve dried plant specimens for scientific study. Specimens are collected, poisoned to prevent decay, dried, mounted on paper sheets, and classified in the herbarium. Modern herbariums also include digitized databases and photographs. Precise methods are used to collect, preserve, and catalog specimens so they can serve as references for plant identification, classification, and research. The oldest known herbarium was established in 1570 in Italy.
How to make a herbarium
This document provides instructions for making a herbarium, including how to collect, press, dry, and mount plant specimens. It recommends collecting 3 samples of each species with all identifying features, and pressing them between newspaper in a plant press. Specimens should be allowed to fully dry before mounting on archival paper with labels providing collection details. The completed herbarium allows identification and study of preserved plant samples.
CULTIVATION OF MEDICINAL PLANTS.pdf
Hey! I'm student of pharmacy. I'm glad to be in this field and being part of pharmacy world. I'm here to spread knowledge and help people to gain information related to field of pharmacy. In this I prepared a short information about the cultivation of medicinal plants. As we all know that medicines plays a most important rope in our life . As we saw in the pandemic i.e. in COVID medical field observed as a backbone of life. Every person should have at least general little knowledge regarding to medicines. So , in this SlideShare I tried to spread general little knowledge about cultivation of medicinal plants.
Preparing the herbarium
The document discusses the process of creating and maintaining a herbarium, which is a collection of preserved plant specimens. It explains that specimens are collected, pressed, dried, mounted, and catalogued according to taxonomic classification. Maintaining a herbarium allows for the preservation of plant species, study of plant specimens, and education of students and the public about plants and the impact of climate change. The document provides detailed instructions on collecting, pressing, drying, and mounting plant specimens to create a permanent preserved collection.
Preparing the herbarium
The document discusses the process of creating and maintaining a herbarium, which is a collection of preserved plant specimens. It explains that specimens are collected, pressed, dried, mounted, and catalogued according to taxonomic classification. Maintaining a herbarium allows for the study and preservation of plant species, as well as educating students and the public about plants and the effects of climate change. The document provides detailed instructions on collecting, pressing, drying, and mounting plant specimens to create a permanent preserved collection.
herbariumpptfullcoveroftopicharbarium.pptx
The document discusses herbariums, which are collections of preserved plant specimens. An herbarium aims to preserve plant specimens through careful drying, labeling, and storage. There are various types of herbaria including national, regional, and local. The techniques for creating herbarium specimens involve collecting, pressing, drying, poisoning, mounting, labeling, and storing the plants. Herbaria are important for scientific study of plants, preserving endangered species, and informing the public about plants and environmental issues. Some major herbaria in India are located in Kolkata, Dehradun, Coimbatore, Mumbai, and other cities.
Cultivation_Collection_Processing_and_Storage_of_Crude_Drugs
#CultivationCollectionProcessingAndStorageOfCrudeDrugs #pharmacy #pharmacognosy #phytochemistry #herbaldrugs #Cultivationofdrugsofnaturalorigin #Collectionofdrugsofnaturalorigin #Factorsinfluencingcultivationofmedicinalplants #Planthormonesandtheirapplications #drsiddhiupadhyay #sigmainstituteofpharmacy
Herbarium ppt
The document provides information on preparing, preserving, and storing plant specimens in a herbarium. It defines what a herbarium is and its functions. It describes how to collect, press, dry, poison, mount, label, and store plant specimens. It discusses important herbarium collections around the world and includes techniques for staining specimens. The overall document serves as a guide for building and maintaining a herbarium collection.
Cultivation and collection of drugs of natural origin
The document discusses the cultivation, collection, and storage of drugs from natural sources. It covers the advantages of cultivation over wild collection, including ensuring quality and supply. Methods of propagation discussed are sexual (seed) and asexual (vegetative). Collection involves harvesting plants at optimal times and processing like drying, slicing, and removing foreign matter. Drying methods depend on the drug's constituents and can be natural or artificial. Finally, proper storage of crude drugs in sealed, cool, dry areas protects them from degradation.
herbarium making.ppt
This document provides guidance on collecting, pressing, and drying plant specimens for an herbarium. It discusses collecting representative specimens that show vegetative and reproductive parts, including at least one entire plant to show the root or rootstock. Specimens should be arranged carefully in the plant press to avoid overlapping and allow all important features to be displayed. They must then be dried fully before being mounted and stored on herbarium sheets. Careful collection and preparation of specimens in this manner allows them to be gold standard specimens that are quick to mount and easy to preserve long-term in the herbarium.
Seed Collecting Techiques - United Kingdom
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Seed Collecting Techiques ~ United Kingdom
This document provides guidance on various manual techniques for collecting seeds from wild plants for long-term conservation. It describes techniques such as hand picking fruits, pruning clusters of fruits from trees, shaking tree branches over tarps, stripping seed heads, and collecting seeds from the ground. The appropriate technique depends on factors like the plant species and type of fruit. Proper documentation of collection information and care in post-harvest handling are also discussed.
Seed Collecting Techniques ~ Royal Botanic Gardens
This document provides guidance on various manual techniques for collecting seeds from wild plants for long-term conservation. It describes techniques such as hand picking fruits, pruning clusters of fruits from trees, shaking tree branches over tarps, stripping seed heads, and collecting seeds from the ground. The appropriate technique depends on factors like the plant species and type of fruit. Proper documentation of collection information and care in post-harvest handling are also discussed.
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This document discusses plant propagation through cuttings. It describes propagation as making more plants through either vegetative or seed methods. Cuttings are a form of vegetative propagation where sections of plant stems are used to grow new plants. The document outlines the requirements for a nursery for cuttings, types of growing media, different kinds of cuttings including leaf, root, and stem cuttings, and the steps to take cuttings including obtaining cuttings, treating them with rooting hormone, and placing them in soil to root. The advantages are described as plants being true-to-type clones that mature faster, while disadvantages include lack of taproot and lack of genetic diversity.
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This document provides information on propagating trees and fruit-bearing trees using scientific processes. It discusses the importance of plant propagation and the benefits of using scientific methods. These include ensuring healthy, strong plant growth and increased harvest yields. The document also identifies the appropriate tools used in plant propagation and describes their purposes. Finally, it explains different scientific propagation techniques like sexual propagation using seeds, and asexual propagation methods like cutting, grafting, budding, layering, and inarching. Safety measures for propagating fruit trees are also outlined.
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Herbarium
Herbarium is a collection of dried and pressed plant specimens that are mounted on paper and organized for scientific study. Specimens are collected using tools like a trowel, vasculum, and field notebook. They are then pressed and dried before being mounted on paper sheets and labeled with collection details. Mounted specimens are stored systematically in cabinets and protected from pests through treatments and repellents. Herbaria serve as repositories of plant specimens that allow for identification, research on plant geography and taxonomy, and preservation of type specimens. Two important herbaria mentioned are the Madras Herbarium, one of the oldest, and the Central National Herbarium, one of the largest in the world housing over 2
2. materi science p5 ws 2 reproduction vegetatif of artificaly
Artificial methods of asexual reproduction in plants include grafting, cutting, layering, and micropropagation. Grafting involves joining the shoot system of one plant (the scion) to the root system of another plant (the stock). Cutting propagation is done through stem, leaf, or root cuttings. Layering is when a stem is bent and covered with soil to produce roots. Micropropagation, also called tissue culture, allows rapid multiplication of plants in a sterile laboratory environment through culturing small pieces of plant tissue on nutrient media.
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This document provides instructions for propagating plants through marcotting. Marcotting involves inducing root formation on a stem or branch while still attached to the parent plant. It allows for reproducing exact copies of the parent. The instructions describe selecting suitable branches, removing bark, applying rooting hormone, covering the wound with soil or compost, and maintaining humidity. Once roots form after 2-4 months, the new plant is cut from the parent and transplanted. Following the proper procedures allows for successful asexual propagation through marcotting.
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This document discusses vegetative propagation, which is asexual reproduction using plant parts like roots, stems, or leaves. There are natural and artificial methods of vegetative propagation. Natural propagation occurs when plant parts like stems or leaves touch the ground and produce roots. Artificial methods include cuttings, layering, grafting, and micropropagation. Layering involves a stem growing roots while still attached to the parent plant and then detaching. Grafting is inserting tissue from one plant into another to asexually propagate commercially grown plants. Vegetative propagation allows for mass production of plants, disease-free specimens, and plants that flower earlier than those from seeds.
POPE FRANCIS 2ND ENCYCLICAL "Laudato Si" is the second encyclical of Pope Fra...
"Laudato Si" is the second encyclical of Pope Francis, released on May 24, 2015. Its title comes from the opening words of the encyclical in Latin, which mean "Praise Be to You." The document focuses on the theme of care for our common home, urging humanity to take action to address environmental degradation, climate change, and social inequality. Pope Francis calls for an integral ecology that considers the interconnectedness of environmental, social, economic, and spiritual dimensions.
一比一原版美国贝翰文大学毕业证（BU学位证）如何办理
原件一模一样【微信：WP101A】【美国贝翰文大学毕业证（BU学位证）成绩单】【微信：WP101A】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
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三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份【微信：WP101A】
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
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办理美国贝翰文大学毕业证（BU学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
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综上所述，办理美国贝翰文大学毕业证（BU学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
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The document discusses the process of creating and maintaining a herbarium, which is a collection of preserved plant specimens. It explains that specimens are collected, pressed, dried, mounted, and catalogued according to taxonomic classification. Maintaining a herbarium allows for the preservation of plant species, study of plant specimens, and education of students and the public about plants and the impact of climate change. The document provides detailed instructions on collecting, pressing, drying, and mounting plant specimens to create a permanent preserved collection.
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The document discusses the process of creating and maintaining a herbarium, which is a collection of preserved plant specimens. It explains that specimens are collected, pressed, dried, mounted, and catalogued according to taxonomic classification. Maintaining a herbarium allows for the study and preservation of plant species, as well as educating students and the public about plants and the effects of climate change. The document provides detailed instructions on collecting, pressing, drying, and mounting plant specimens to create a permanent preserved collection.
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The document discusses herbariums, which are collections of preserved plant specimens. An herbarium aims to preserve plant specimens through careful drying, labeling, and storage. There are various types of herbaria including national, regional, and local. The techniques for creating herbarium specimens involve collecting, pressing, drying, poisoning, mounting, labeling, and storing the plants. Herbaria are important for scientific study of plants, preserving endangered species, and informing the public about plants and environmental issues. Some major herbaria in India are located in Kolkata, Dehradun, Coimbatore, Mumbai, and other cities.
Cultivation_Collection_Processing_and_Storage_of_Crude_Drugs
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The document provides information on preparing, preserving, and storing plant specimens in a herbarium. It defines what a herbarium is and its functions. It describes how to collect, press, dry, poison, mount, label, and store plant specimens. It discusses important herbarium collections around the world and includes techniques for staining specimens. The overall document serves as a guide for building and maintaining a herbarium collection.
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herbarium making.ppt
This document provides guidance on collecting, pressing, and drying plant specimens for an herbarium. It discusses collecting representative specimens that show vegetative and reproductive parts, including at least one entire plant to show the root or rootstock. Specimens should be arranged carefully in the plant press to avoid overlapping and allow all important features to be displayed. They must then be dried fully before being mounted and stored on herbarium sheets. Careful collection and preparation of specimens in this manner allows them to be gold standard specimens that are quick to mount and easy to preserve long-term in the herbarium.
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Seed Collecting Techiques - United Kingdom
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For more information, Please see websites below:
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Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
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Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
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Free School Gardening Art Posters =
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Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
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Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
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City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
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This document provides guidance on various manual techniques for collecting seeds from wild plants for long-term conservation. It describes techniques such as hand picking fruits, pruning clusters of fruits from trees, shaking tree branches over tarps, stripping seed heads, and collecting seeds from the ground. The appropriate technique depends on factors like the plant species and type of fruit. Proper documentation of collection information and care in post-harvest handling are also discussed.
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This document discusses plant propagation through cuttings. It describes propagation as making more plants through either vegetative or seed methods. Cuttings are a form of vegetative propagation where sections of plant stems are used to grow new plants. The document outlines the requirements for a nursery for cuttings, types of growing media, different kinds of cuttings including leaf, root, and stem cuttings, and the steps to take cuttings including obtaining cuttings, treating them with rooting hormone, and placing them in soil to root. The advantages are described as plants being true-to-type clones that mature faster, while disadvantages include lack of taproot and lack of genetic diversity.
Plant collection for phytochemical analysis
Plant material must be collected carefully for phytochemical analysis to minimize changes to chemical composition. Large amounts are needed from abundant populations without harming species survival. Samples are prepared by cutting into small pieces and preserving through drying, freezing, or extraction to send to laboratories for analysis. Proper permits, ethics, collaboration with local experts and institutions, and benefit-sharing are important for sustainable international collecting.
VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION FOR INCREASING FRUIT TREE PRODUCTIVITY
Plant propagation is the art & science of multiplying plants by sexual or asexual means and preserving their unique qualities Or the method of production of more than one plant from the mother plant or the tissue over a specific time period.
Methods
a. Sexual methods : Propagation by seeds
b. Asexual methods /Vegetative
Cuttings
Layering
Grafting
Budding
Tissue culture; micropropagation
Propagating Trees & Fruit-Bearing Trees.pptx
This document provides information on propagating trees and fruit-bearing trees using scientific processes. It discusses the importance of plant propagation and the benefits of using scientific methods. These include ensuring healthy, strong plant growth and increased harvest yields. The document also identifies the appropriate tools used in plant propagation and describes their purposes. Finally, it explains different scientific propagation techniques like sexual propagation using seeds, and asexual propagation methods like cutting, grafting, budding, layering, and inarching. Safety measures for propagating fruit trees are also outlined.
Advances in propagation techniques of subtropical and temperate crop
This document discusses propagation techniques for subtropical and temperate fruit crops. It describes sexual propagation using seeds and asexual propagation methods including cuttings, budding, grafting, and layering. Specific propagation methods are outlined for apple, pear, and peach crops. Apple is commonly propagated using whip and tongue grafting. Pear is propagated using T-budding or tongue grafting, and micropropagation is also described. Peach is propagated using T-budding and cleft grafting, with the timing of techniques varying by region.
Herbarium
Herbarium is a collection of dried and pressed plant specimens that are mounted on paper and organized for scientific study. Specimens are collected using tools like a trowel, vasculum, and field notebook. They are then pressed and dried before being mounted on paper sheets and labeled with collection details. Mounted specimens are stored systematically in cabinets and protected from pests through treatments and repellents. Herbaria serve as repositories of plant specimens that allow for identification, research on plant geography and taxonomy, and preservation of type specimens. Two important herbaria mentioned are the Madras Herbarium, one of the oldest, and the Central National Herbarium, one of the largest in the world housing over 2
2. materi science p5 ws 2 reproduction vegetatif of artificaly
Artificial methods of asexual reproduction in plants include grafting, cutting, layering, and micropropagation. Grafting involves joining the shoot system of one plant (the scion) to the root system of another plant (the stock). Cutting propagation is done through stem, leaf, or root cuttings. Layering is when a stem is bent and covered with soil to produce roots. Micropropagation, also called tissue culture, allows rapid multiplication of plants in a sterile laboratory environment through culturing small pieces of plant tissue on nutrient media.
3. MARCOTTING - Copy.docx
This document provides instructions for propagating plants through marcotting. Marcotting involves inducing root formation on a stem or branch while still attached to the parent plant. It allows for reproducing exact copies of the parent. The instructions describe selecting suitable branches, removing bark, applying rooting hormone, covering the wound with soil or compost, and maintaining humidity. Once roots form after 2-4 months, the new plant is cut from the parent and transplanted. Following the proper procedures allows for successful asexual propagation through marcotting.
vegitativepropagation1-140926223253-phpapp02.pptx
This document discusses vegetative propagation, which is asexual reproduction using plant parts like roots, stems, or leaves. There are natural and artificial methods of vegetative propagation. Natural propagation occurs when plant parts like stems or leaves touch the ground and produce roots. Artificial methods include cuttings, layering, grafting, and micropropagation. Layering involves a stem growing roots while still attached to the parent plant and then detaching. Grafting is inserting tissue from one plant into another to asexually propagate commercially grown plants. Vegetative propagation allows for mass production of plants, disease-free specimens, and plants that flower earlier than those from seeds.
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【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信：WP101A】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信：WP101A】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份【微信：WP101A】
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
办理美国贝翰文大学毕业证（BU学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】外观非常精致，由特殊纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理美国贝翰文大学毕业证（BU学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理美国贝翰文大学毕业证（BU学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理美国贝翰文大学毕业证（BU学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
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一比一原版(unuk毕业证书)英国诺丁汉大学毕业证如何办理
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【(unuk毕业证书)英国诺丁汉大学毕业证成绩单】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
办理(unuk毕业证书)英国诺丁汉大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】外观非常简单，由纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理(unuk毕业证书)英国诺丁汉大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理(unuk毕业证书)英国诺丁汉大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理(unuk毕业证书)英国诺丁汉大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
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【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信：WP101A】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信：WP101A】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份【微信：WP101A】
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
办理美国南加州大学毕业证（usc学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】外观非常精致，由特殊纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理美国南加州大学毕业证（usc学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理美国南加州大学毕业证（usc学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理美国南加州大学毕业证（usc学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
快速办理(Calabria毕业证书)卡拉布里亚大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
原件一模一样【微信：bwp0011】《(Calabria毕业证书)卡拉布里亚大学毕业证》【微信：bwp0011】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问微bwp0011
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【微bwp0011】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【微bwp0011】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
一比一原版美国加利福尼亚大学欧文分校毕业证（ucirvine学位证）如何办理
原件一模一样【微信：WP101A】【美国加利福尼亚大学欧文分校毕业证（ucirvine学位证）成绩单】【微信：WP101A】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信：WP101A】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信：WP101A】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份【微信：WP101A】
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
办理美国加利福尼亚大学欧文分校毕业证（ucirvine学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】外观非常精致，由特殊纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理美国加利福尼亚大学欧文分校毕业证（ucirvine学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理美国加利福尼亚大学欧文分校毕业证（ucirvine学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理美国加利福尼亚大学欧文分校毕业证（ucirvine学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
Formulation of aramang baked products enriched with malunggay
The modification of an existing product or the formulation of a new product to fill a newly identified market niche or customer need are both examples of product development. This study generally developed and conducted the formulation of aramang baked products enriched with malunggay conducted by the researchers. Specifically, it answered the acceptability level in terms of taste, texture, flavor, odor, and color also the overall acceptability of enriched aramang baked products. The study used the frequency distribution for evaluators to determine the acceptability of enriched aramang baked products enriched with malunggay. As per sensory evaluation conducted by the researchers, it was proven that aramang baked products enriched with malunggay was acceptable in terms of Odor, Taste, Flavor, Color, and Texture. Based on the results of sensory evaluation of enriched aramang baked products proven that three (3) treatments were all highly acceptable in terms of variable Odor, Taste, Flavor, Color and Textures conducted by the researchers.
Good Agricultural Practices Presentation PDF.pdf
Presentation on Good Agricultural Practices in CAR Philippines.
一比一原版美国加州大学欧文分校毕业证（uci学位证）如何办理
原件一模一样【微信：WP101A】【美国加州大学欧文分校毕业证（uci学位证）成绩单】【微信：WP101A】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信：WP101A】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信：WP101A】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份【微信：WP101A】
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
办理美国加州大学欧文分校毕业证（uci学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】外观非常精致，由特殊纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理美国加州大学欧文分校毕业证（uci学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理美国加州大学欧文分校毕业证（uci学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理美国加州大学欧文分校毕业证（uci学位证）学位证【微信：WP101A 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
Welcoming Wolves Back Home and the Effects of Manifest Destiny
Explore ideas based on manifest destiny, why we don't own the land, and how ranchers can learn to live with wolves.
一比一原版美国迈阿密大学毕业证如何办理
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【美国迈阿密大学毕业证成绩单】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
办理美国迈阿密大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】外观非常简单，由纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理美国迈阿密大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理美国迈阿密大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理美国迈阿密大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
Monitor indicators of genetic diversity from space using Earth Observation data
Genetic diversity within and among populations is essential for species persistence. While targets and indicators for genetic diversity are captured in the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, assessing genetic diversity across many species at national and regional scales remains challenging. Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) need accessible tools for reliable and efficient monitoring at relevant scales. Here, we describe how Earth Observation satellites (EO) make essential contributions to enable, accelerate, and improve genetic diversity monitoring and preservation. Specifically, we introduce a workflow integrating EO into existing genetic diversity monitoring strategies and present a set of examples where EO data is or can be integrated to improve assessment, monitoring, and conservation. We describe how available EO data can be integrated in innovative ways to support calculation of the genetic diversity indicators of the GBF monitoring framework and to inform management and monitoring decisions, especially in areas with limited research infrastructure or access. We also describe novel, integrative approaches to improve the indicators that can be implemented with the coming generation of EO data, and new capabilities that will provide unprecedented detail to characterize the changes to Earth’s surface and their implications for biodiversity, on a global scale.
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HERBARIUM SHEET MOUNTS.pptx
- 2. HERBARIUM is a collection of dried plants systematically named and arranged for ready reference and study. to make a herbarium specimen, the plant is collected, and notes are made about it. the plant is then pressed until dry between blotters that absorb moisture and mounted onto a herbarium sheet with a suitable label.
- 3. MOUNTING The pressed and dried plant is attached to a solid sheet of paper. Mounting is the process of affixing a dried pressed plant and its label to a sheet of heavy paper. This provides physical support that allows the specimen to be handled and stored with a minimum of damage.
- 5. TECHNIQUES • Strip method -the dry plants are glued to a sheet of paper with narrow, rubberized paper strips. • Glue method -the dry plants are glued directly to the paper sheet with glue.
- 6. TECHNIQUES • ETH method -t he dry plants are glued onto a narrow strip of paper, which is then glued into a paper envelope. •Pin method - the dry plants are attached to the paper sheet with narrow strips of paper and pins. • Sewing - the dry plants are sewn onto a firm sheet of paper.
- 7. SPATULA & NEEDLE METHOD
- 8. SPATULA & NEEDLE METHOD
- 9. SPATULA & NEEDLE METHOD
- 10. SPATULA & NEEDLE METHOD
- 11. SPATULA & NEEDLE METHOD
- 12. SPATULA & NEEDLE METHOD
- 13. SPATULA & NEEDLE METHOD
- 14. SPATULA & NEEDLE METHOD
- 15. SPATULA & NEEDLE METHOD
- 16. DIP_METHOD
- 17. DIP_METHOD
- 18. DIP_METHOD
- 19. DIP_METHOD
- 20. DIP_METHOD
- 21. DIP_METHOD
- 22. DIP_METHOD
- 23. APPLICATION - Applicable mostly to PLANTS - some herbaria also include mosses, algae, fungi or lichens in archival paper packets, seeds, wood sections, pollen, microscope slides, DNA extractions or jars of plant parts preserved in alcohol or glycerin.
- 24. IMPORTANCE • It is used to document the plant diversity of a particular geographic area, as a reference for identification. • It is used as a source of information about plant species (such as the habitats where they occur, when they flower and what chemicals they contain). • It serves as a validation or documentation of scientific observations
- 25. IMPORTANCE • Also serves as a source of DNA that facilitates our understanding of the evolution of plants and the processes by which new plant species arise. • It provides information about the species’ morphology while the label offers taxonomic and locality information. • Herbaria document the world’s flora and provide a constant and permanent record of botanical diversity.
- 26. THANK YOU