hepatitis virus.pdf

•

0 likes•4 views

T

hepatitis virus.

Fig. 3 Genomic organization and cleavage of the HAV polyprotein

Fig. 4 Genetic organization of HBV

Fig. 5 HCV Genome organization and proteins used in blood screening assays

Fig. 6 Schematic representation of the HDV antigenomic and genomic RNAs, as well as of the HDAg mRNA

Fig. 7 Genomic organization of hepatitis E virus (HEV)

hepatitis virus.pdf

Recommended

Neutralizing antibodies for infectious diseases.pdf

Neutralizing antibodies for infectious diseases.pdf

Neutralizing antibodies for infectious diseases.pdf

Immunoassays for Process-related Impurities.pdf

Immunoassays for Process-related Impurities.pdf

Immunoassays for Process-related Impurities.pdf

IVD Development Services

IVD Development Services

IVD Development Services

Molecular Markers of Cancer

Molecular Markers of Cancer

Molecular Markers of Cancer

Key Antibodies for Gastrointestinal Pathology

Key Antibodies for Gastrointestinal Pathology

Key Antibodies for Gastrointestinal Pathology

Small Molecule Drugs Monitoring

Small Molecule Drugs Monitoring

Small Molecule Drugs Monitoring

Immunohistochemistry Antibodies for Pathology

Immunohistochemistry Antibodies for Pathology

Immunohistochemistry Antibodies for Pathology

Sodium channel

The sodium channel is a channel present on the membrane that allows a small amount of Na+ to enter the cell along its electrochemical gradient, as discovered by British scientists Hodgkin and Huxley. It can be divided into two types, voltage-gated and ligand-gated. The sodium ion channel is the primary activation bond for electrical signals in all animals, while the electrical signal is the basis for a series of physiological processes such as neural activity and muscle contraction.

Recommended

Neutralizing antibodies for infectious diseases.pdf

Neutralizing antibodies for infectious diseases.pdf

Neutralizing antibodies for infectious diseases.pdf

Immunoassays for Process-related Impurities.pdf

Immunoassays for Process-related Impurities.pdf

Immunoassays for Process-related Impurities.pdf

IVD Development Services

IVD Development Services

IVD Development Services

Molecular Markers of Cancer

Molecular Markers of Cancer

Molecular Markers of Cancer

Key Antibodies for Gastrointestinal Pathology

Key Antibodies for Gastrointestinal Pathology

Key Antibodies for Gastrointestinal Pathology

Small Molecule Drugs Monitoring

Small Molecule Drugs Monitoring

Small Molecule Drugs Monitoring

Immunohistochemistry Antibodies for Pathology

Immunohistochemistry Antibodies for Pathology

Immunohistochemistry Antibodies for Pathology

Sodium channel

The sodium channel is a channel present on the membrane that allows a small amount of Na+ to enter the cell along its electrochemical gradient, as discovered by British scientists Hodgkin and Huxley. It can be divided into two types, voltage-gated and ligand-gated. The sodium ion channel is the primary activation bond for electrical signals in all animals, while the electrical signal is the basis for a series of physiological processes such as neural activity and muscle contraction.

Phagocytosis

Neuroscience

Neuroscience is characterized by multi-disciplinary and multi-level intersections. It combines behavior, cognition and brain mechanism, and it attempts to elaborate the neural mechanism of human and animal in perceiving objects, forming images, using language, memorizing information, reasoning and decision-making at the micro level of molecule, synapse and neuron and at the macro level of system, whole brain and behavior.

TRPV

Transient receptor potenital (TRP) is a large family of non-selective cation channels located on the cell membrane. One type of channel can be activated by Vanillic acid compounds, so this type of channel is called the TRPV subfamily. Mutations in TRPV are associated with neurodegenerative diseases, skeletal dysplasia, kidney disease and cancer and TRPV is an important therapeutic target for these diseases.

CFTR

CFTR is a chloride channel located on the cell membrane. Under the mediation of cAMP, CFTR is phosphorylated, causing the channel to open and transporting about 10 CIs extracellularly per minute. When the cftr gene is mutated (most commonly, the codon encoding 508 phenylalanine is lost), the defective CFTR cannot be processed normally in the endoplasmic reticulum, and most cannot be transported to the cell membrane;

Organic cation transporter

Organic cation transporter

Organic cation transporter

The organic cation transporter (OCT) is an important drug delivery protein with a broad tissue distribution in the body that mediates the metabolic processes of most drugs. At present, the gene sequence, transport mechanism, substrate structure specificity, regulatory mechanism, gene polymorphism andin vivodistribution characteristics of this transporter have been deeply studied. Based on this knowledge, pharmacologists have successfully delivered many drugs at the transporter molecule level and applied them to clinical practice.

Cancer epigenetics

Cancer epigenetics

Cancer epigenetics

Epigenetics is the study of heritable changes in gene function that do not involve changes in the DNA sequence. A variety of epigenetic mechanisms can be perturbed in different types of cancer. Epigenetic alterations of DNA repair genes or cell cycle control genes are very frequent in sporadic (non-germ line) cancers, being significantly more common than germ line (familial) mutations in these sporadic cancers.

Genotoxic stress response

Genotoxic stress response

Genotoxic stress response

In genetics, genotoxicity describes the property of chemical agents that damage the genetic information within a cell causing mutations(Genotoxicity is often confused with mutagenicity. All mutagens are genotoxic, whereas not all genotoxic substances are mutagenic.). The alteration can have direct or indirect effects on the DNA: the induction of mutations, mistimed event activation, and direct DNA damage resulting in mutations.

Cell cycle inhibitor

Cell cycle inhibitor

Cell cycle inhibitor

Mismatch repair pathway

Mismatch repair pathway

Mismatch repair pathway

Sirtuin signaling pathway

Sirtuin signaling pathway

Sirtuin signaling pathway

Mismatch repair pathway

Mismatch repair pathway

Mismatch repair pathway

What is mitochondrial disease

What is mitochondrial disease

What is mitochondrial disease

Immunoassay

Mismatch repair pathway

Mismatch repair pathway

Mismatch repair pathway

Sirtuin signaling pathway

Sirtuin signaling pathway

Sirtuin signaling pathway

Immunoassay

Il 12 family

Chemokines and chemokine receptors

Chemokines and chemokine receptors

Chemokines and chemokine receptors

Chemokines and chemokine receptors

Chemokines and chemokine receptors

Chemokines and chemokine receptors

Il 12 family

Richard's entangled aventures in wonderland

Richard's entangled aventures in wonderland

Richard's entangled aventures in wonderland

Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.

GBSN - Biochemistry (Unit 5) Chemistry of Lipids

GBSN - Biochemistry (Unit 5) Chemistry of Lipids

GBSN - Biochemistry (Unit 5) Chemistry of Lipids

More Related Content

More from thomasm2014

Phagocytosis

Neuroscience

Neuroscience is characterized by multi-disciplinary and multi-level intersections. It combines behavior, cognition and brain mechanism, and it attempts to elaborate the neural mechanism of human and animal in perceiving objects, forming images, using language, memorizing information, reasoning and decision-making at the micro level of molecule, synapse and neuron and at the macro level of system, whole brain and behavior.

TRPV

Transient receptor potenital (TRP) is a large family of non-selective cation channels located on the cell membrane. One type of channel can be activated by Vanillic acid compounds, so this type of channel is called the TRPV subfamily. Mutations in TRPV are associated with neurodegenerative diseases, skeletal dysplasia, kidney disease and cancer and TRPV is an important therapeutic target for these diseases.

CFTR

CFTR is a chloride channel located on the cell membrane. Under the mediation of cAMP, CFTR is phosphorylated, causing the channel to open and transporting about 10 CIs extracellularly per minute. When the cftr gene is mutated (most commonly, the codon encoding 508 phenylalanine is lost), the defective CFTR cannot be processed normally in the endoplasmic reticulum, and most cannot be transported to the cell membrane;

Organic cation transporter

Organic cation transporter

Organic cation transporter

The organic cation transporter (OCT) is an important drug delivery protein with a broad tissue distribution in the body that mediates the metabolic processes of most drugs. At present, the gene sequence, transport mechanism, substrate structure specificity, regulatory mechanism, gene polymorphism andin vivodistribution characteristics of this transporter have been deeply studied. Based on this knowledge, pharmacologists have successfully delivered many drugs at the transporter molecule level and applied them to clinical practice.

Cancer epigenetics

Cancer epigenetics

Cancer epigenetics

Epigenetics is the study of heritable changes in gene function that do not involve changes in the DNA sequence. A variety of epigenetic mechanisms can be perturbed in different types of cancer. Epigenetic alterations of DNA repair genes or cell cycle control genes are very frequent in sporadic (non-germ line) cancers, being significantly more common than germ line (familial) mutations in these sporadic cancers.

Genotoxic stress response

Genotoxic stress response

Genotoxic stress response

In genetics, genotoxicity describes the property of chemical agents that damage the genetic information within a cell causing mutations(Genotoxicity is often confused with mutagenicity. All mutagens are genotoxic, whereas not all genotoxic substances are mutagenic.). The alteration can have direct or indirect effects on the DNA: the induction of mutations, mistimed event activation, and direct DNA damage resulting in mutations.

Cell cycle inhibitor

Cell cycle inhibitor

Cell cycle inhibitor

Mismatch repair pathway

Mismatch repair pathway

Mismatch repair pathway

Sirtuin signaling pathway

Sirtuin signaling pathway

Sirtuin signaling pathway

Mismatch repair pathway

Mismatch repair pathway

Mismatch repair pathway

What is mitochondrial disease

What is mitochondrial disease

What is mitochondrial disease

Immunoassay

Mismatch repair pathway

Mismatch repair pathway

Mismatch repair pathway

Sirtuin signaling pathway

Sirtuin signaling pathway

Sirtuin signaling pathway

Immunoassay

Il 12 family

Chemokines and chemokine receptors

Chemokines and chemokine receptors

Chemokines and chemokine receptors

Chemokines and chemokine receptors

Chemokines and chemokine receptors

Chemokines and chemokine receptors

Il 12 family

More from thomasm2014 (20)

Phagocytosis

Neuroscience

TRPV

CFTR

Organic cation transporter

Organic cation transporter

Organic cation transporter

Cancer epigenetics

Cancer epigenetics

Cancer epigenetics

Genotoxic stress response

Genotoxic stress response

Genotoxic stress response

Cell cycle inhibitor

Cell cycle inhibitor

Cell cycle inhibitor

Mismatch repair pathway

Mismatch repair pathway

Mismatch repair pathway

Sirtuin signaling pathway

Sirtuin signaling pathway

Sirtuin signaling pathway

Mismatch repair pathway

Mismatch repair pathway

Mismatch repair pathway

What is mitochondrial disease

What is mitochondrial disease

What is mitochondrial disease

Immunoassay

Mismatch repair pathway

Mismatch repair pathway

Mismatch repair pathway

Sirtuin signaling pathway

Sirtuin signaling pathway

Sirtuin signaling pathway

Immunoassay

Il 12 family

Chemokines and chemokine receptors

Chemokines and chemokine receptors

Chemokines and chemokine receptors

Chemokines and chemokine receptors

Chemokines and chemokine receptors

Chemokines and chemokine receptors

Il 12 family

Recently uploaded

Richard's entangled aventures in wonderland

Richard's entangled aventures in wonderland

Richard's entangled aventures in wonderland

Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.

GBSN - Biochemistry (Unit 5) Chemistry of Lipids

GBSN - Biochemistry (Unit 5) Chemistry of Lipids

GBSN - Biochemistry (Unit 5) Chemistry of Lipids

Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...

Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...

Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...

University of Maribor

GBSN- Microbiology (Lab 3) Gram Staining

GBSN- Microbiology (Lab 3) Gram Staining

GBSN- Microbiology (Lab 3) Gram Staining

Lateral Ventricles.pdf very easy good diagrams comprehensive

Lateral Ventricles.pdf very easy good diagrams comprehensive

Lateral Ventricles.pdf very easy good diagrams comprehensive

silvermistyshot

What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.

What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.

What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.

platelets_clotting_biogenesis.clot retractionpptx

platelets_clotting_biogenesis.clot retractionpptx

platelets_clotting_biogenesis.clot retractionpptx

insect taxonomy importance systematics and classification

insect taxonomy importance systematics and classification

insect taxonomy importance systematics and classification

in vitro propagation of plants lecture note.pptx

in vitro propagation of plants lecture note.pptx

in vitro propagation of plants lecture note.pptx

Astronomy Update- Curiosity’s exploration of Mars _ Local Briefs _ leadertele...

Astronomy Update- Curiosity’s exploration of Mars _ Local Briefs _ leadertele...

Astronomy Update- Curiosity’s exploration of Mars _ Local Briefs _ leadertele...

NathanBaughman3

Hemoglobin metabolism_pathophysiology.pptx

Hemoglobin metabolism_pathophysiology.pptx

Hemoglobin metabolism_pathophysiology.pptx

Unveiling the Energy Potential of Marshmallow Deposits.pdf

Unveiling the Energy Potential of Marshmallow Deposits.pdf

Unveiling the Energy Potential of Marshmallow Deposits.pdf

Erdal Coalmaker

erythropoiesis-I_mechanism& clinical significance.pptx

erythropoiesis-I_mechanism& clinical significance.pptx

erythropoiesis-I_mechanism& clinical significance.pptx

extra-chromosomal-inheritance[1].pptx.pdfpdf

extra-chromosomal-inheritance[1].pptx.pdfpdf

extra-chromosomal-inheritance[1].pptx.pdfpdf

Slide 1: Title Slide Extrachromosomal Inheritance Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus. Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids. Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria. Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring. Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy. Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants. Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts. Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species. Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA. Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes. Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation. Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering. Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance. Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells. Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression. Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells. Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration. Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells. Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases. Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification. Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA. Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases. Slide 10: Conclusion Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology. Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications. Slide 11: Questions and Discussion Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.

Mammalian Pineal Body Structure and Also Functions

Mammalian Pineal Body Structure and Also Functions

Mammalian Pineal Body Structure and Also Functions

4. An Overview of Sugarcane White Leaf Disease in Vietnam.pdf

4. An Overview of Sugarcane White Leaf Disease in Vietnam.pdf

4. An Overview of Sugarcane White Leaf Disease in Vietnam.pdf

In silico drugs analogue design: novobiocin analogues.pptx

In silico drugs analogue design: novobiocin analogues.pptx

In silico drugs analogue design: novobiocin analogues.pptx

Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDA

Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDA

Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDA

SCHIZOPHRENIA Disorder/ Brain Disorder.pdf

SCHIZOPHRENIA Disorder/ Brain Disorder.pdf

SCHIZOPHRENIA Disorder/ Brain Disorder.pdf

SELF-EXPLANATORY

The ASGCT Annual Meeting was packed with exciting progress in the field advan...

The ASGCT Annual Meeting was packed with exciting progress in the field advan...

The ASGCT Annual Meeting was packed with exciting progress in the field advan...

Health Advances

Recently uploaded (20)

Richard's entangled aventures in wonderland

Richard's entangled aventures in wonderland

Richard's entangled aventures in wonderland

GBSN - Biochemistry (Unit 5) Chemistry of Lipids

GBSN - Biochemistry (Unit 5) Chemistry of Lipids

GBSN - Biochemistry (Unit 5) Chemistry of Lipids

Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...

Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...

Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...

GBSN- Microbiology (Lab 3) Gram Staining

GBSN- Microbiology (Lab 3) Gram Staining

GBSN- Microbiology (Lab 3) Gram Staining

Lateral Ventricles.pdf very easy good diagrams comprehensive

Lateral Ventricles.pdf very easy good diagrams comprehensive

Lateral Ventricles.pdf very easy good diagrams comprehensive

What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.

What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.

What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.

platelets_clotting_biogenesis.clot retractionpptx

platelets_clotting_biogenesis.clot retractionpptx

platelets_clotting_biogenesis.clot retractionpptx

insect taxonomy importance systematics and classification

insect taxonomy importance systematics and classification

insect taxonomy importance systematics and classification

in vitro propagation of plants lecture note.pptx

in vitro propagation of plants lecture note.pptx

in vitro propagation of plants lecture note.pptx

Astronomy Update- Curiosity’s exploration of Mars _ Local Briefs _ leadertele...

Astronomy Update- Curiosity’s exploration of Mars _ Local Briefs _ leadertele...

Astronomy Update- Curiosity’s exploration of Mars _ Local Briefs _ leadertele...

Hemoglobin metabolism_pathophysiology.pptx

Hemoglobin metabolism_pathophysiology.pptx

Hemoglobin metabolism_pathophysiology.pptx

Unveiling the Energy Potential of Marshmallow Deposits.pdf

Unveiling the Energy Potential of Marshmallow Deposits.pdf

Unveiling the Energy Potential of Marshmallow Deposits.pdf

erythropoiesis-I_mechanism& clinical significance.pptx

erythropoiesis-I_mechanism& clinical significance.pptx

erythropoiesis-I_mechanism& clinical significance.pptx

extra-chromosomal-inheritance[1].pptx.pdfpdf

extra-chromosomal-inheritance[1].pptx.pdfpdf

extra-chromosomal-inheritance[1].pptx.pdfpdf

Mammalian Pineal Body Structure and Also Functions

Mammalian Pineal Body Structure and Also Functions

Mammalian Pineal Body Structure and Also Functions

4. An Overview of Sugarcane White Leaf Disease in Vietnam.pdf

4. An Overview of Sugarcane White Leaf Disease in Vietnam.pdf

4. An Overview of Sugarcane White Leaf Disease in Vietnam.pdf

In silico drugs analogue design: novobiocin analogues.pptx

In silico drugs analogue design: novobiocin analogues.pptx

In silico drugs analogue design: novobiocin analogues.pptx

Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDA

Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDA

Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDA

SCHIZOPHRENIA Disorder/ Brain Disorder.pdf

SCHIZOPHRENIA Disorder/ Brain Disorder.pdf

SCHIZOPHRENIA Disorder/ Brain Disorder.pdf

The ASGCT Annual Meeting was packed with exciting progress in the field advan...

The ASGCT Annual Meeting was packed with exciting progress in the field advan...

The ASGCT Annual Meeting was packed with exciting progress in the field advan...

hepatitis virus.pdf

1.

2. Fig. 3 Genomic organization and cleavage of the HAV polyprotein

3.

4. Fig. 4 Genetic organization of HBV

5.

6.

7. Fig. 5 HCV Genome organization and proteins used in blood screening assays

8.

9.

10. Fig. 6 Schematic representation of the HDV antigenomic and genomic RNAs, as well as of the HDAg mRNA

11. Fig. 7 Genomic organization of hepatitis E virus (HEV)