Heavy drinking in pregnancy can alter unborn babies’ brains, study shows
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Heavy drinking during pregnancy can alter the genetic makeup of unborn babies' brains according to a new study done by researchers at the Scripps Research Institute of California. The researchers observed changes in the number of chromosomes in brain cells of mice that were given ethanol during pregnancy. They found changes in a quarter of the neurons and that heavy drinking during pregnancy could cause mental and behavioral problems in babies by altering their brains genetically. The next stage of research will look at whether some chromosomes are more affected than others and how well the brain can repair genetic damage from alcohol.
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This document discusses several issues related to children in the Philippines. It addresses literacy rates, child labor, mortality rates from common illnesses, and several congenital disorders. The document emphasizes that many congenital disorders can be detected through newborn screening, which allows early treatment and prevention of long-term health problems. Benjamin Franklin's quote highlights the importance of prevention over treatment.
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In recent years, consumption of alcohol by pregnant women has gained increasing status as a health concern. The idea that any consumption of alcohol through the duration of pregnancy, but also in the pre-conception period, presents a health risk to the fetus has become institutionalised. A consensus has emerged among organisations responsible for determining the advice given to the population about maternal health that an approach of abstinence should be advised. Osteoarthritis diagnostic and treatment
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This document discusses biomarkers for measuring alcohol exposure during pregnancy, including phosphatidylethanol (PEth) and fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE). It describes the synthesis of PEth, sample preparation for PEth analysis involving liquid-liquid extraction, and LC-MS/MS methods for quantifying different PEth molecular species in blood. Measuring PEth in maternal blood during the first trimester and FAEE in meconium could help diagnose fetal alcohol spectrum disorders and determine low or high risk of exposure.
Smoking in pregnancy
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Negative effects of smoking on babies like Low birth weight, Premature delivery, Stillbirth, Increased risk of Asthma or SIDS, Elevated risk of congenital heart defects and Lifelong effects on baby's brain are discussed in this presentation.
Negative effects of smoking on mothers such as difficulty getting pregnant, Placental abruption, Placenta previa, Premature rupture of membranes and Ectopic pregnancy are also dealt in this presentation.
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This document discusses several issues related to children in the Philippines. It addresses literacy rates, child labor, mortality rates from common illnesses, and several congenital disorders. The document emphasizes that many congenital disorders can be detected through newborn screening, which allows early treatment and prevention of long-term health problems. Benjamin Franklin's quote highlights the importance of prevention over treatment.
Advocating alcohol abstinence to pregnant women: some observations about Brit...
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In recent years, consumption of alcohol by pregnant women has gained increasing status as a health concern. The idea that any consumption of alcohol through the duration of pregnancy, but also in the pre-conception period, presents a health risk to the fetus has become institutionalised. A consensus has emerged among organisations responsible for determining the advice given to the population about maternal health that an approach of abstinence should be advised. Osteoarthritis diagnostic and treatment
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This document discusses biomarkers for measuring alcohol exposure during pregnancy, including phosphatidylethanol (PEth) and fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE). It describes the synthesis of PEth, sample preparation for PEth analysis involving liquid-liquid extraction, and LC-MS/MS methods for quantifying different PEth molecular species in blood. Measuring PEth in maternal blood during the first trimester and FAEE in meconium could help diagnose fetal alcohol spectrum disorders and determine low or high risk of exposure.
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1
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2
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Module 5 - CaseSTRESS EFFECTS ON THE EXCRETORY AND REPRODUCTIVE SY.docx
Module 5 - Case
STRESS EFFECTS ON THE EXCRETORY AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS
Note: If you have trouble viewing some of the course materials, install Quicktime and the Adobe Shockwave Player, both of which can be downloaded free from the Internet.
STOP!!! YOU MUST HAVE COMPLETED THE TUTORIALS AND VIEWED ALL LINKS ON THE MODULE 5 HOME PAGE IN ORDER TO COMPLETE THIS CASE ASSIGNMENT!!!!
Case Assignment
Now that you have reviewed the anatomy and physiology of reproduction, let’s continue to investigate the influence of the stress response on human reproductive function. We will begin by investigating the interactions between hormones responsible for regulating female reproductive cycles and the stress hormones.
First read some background on stress and reproduction in the article, “
Stress puts double whammy on reproductive system
,” By Robert Sanders, UC Berkeley News. 15 June 2009.
Next read the review by Kalantaridou, N.S., et al.
Stress and the female reproductive system
. Journal of Reproductive Immunology. 2004.62:61–68, and address the following questions in paragraph format:
What term is used in this article to describe the regulatory axis of the reproductive system? What is the principle regulatory hormone for this axis?
What effects does the HPA axis have on the female reproductive system? What two hormones are described in this article and what are the general effects of these hormones on female reproductive organs?
Which female reproductive organs normally respond to CRH? What effect does this hormone have on these organs? What is the role of this hormonal signal in regulating reproduction? Use Table 2 and do a little outside research to look up any unfamiliar terms.
Recall the information that you have reviewed in previous modules about unregulated cortisol and stress hormone release on the other systems of the body. What are the implications of dysregulation of CRH and glucocorticoids for human reproduction? Describe the physiological and psychological effects that these hormones can have relative to female reproduction.
Assignment Expectations
Organize this assignment by answering the questions above in four paragraphs that align with the numbering above. Answer each question using complete sentences that relate back to the question. Be sure to include a references section at the end of your assignment that lists the websites and articles used above and any additional resources you used to research your answers. Follow the format provided in the Background page.
Stress puts double whammy on reproductive system
By Robert Sanders, Media Relations
| 15 June 2009
BERKELEY —
University of California, Berkeley, researchers have found what they think is a critical and, until now, missing piece of the puzzle about how stress causes sexual dysfunction and infertility.
Scientists know that stress boosts levels of stress hormones - glucocorticoids such as cortisol - that inhibit the body's main sex hormone, gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH).
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Contributions of Neuroscience toOur Understanding of Cogniti
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Our Understanding of Cognitive
Development
Adele Diamond1 and Dima Amso2
1
Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, and Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,
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2
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Chem Imbalance (For)
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Module 5 - CaseSTRESS EFFECTS ON THE EXCRETORY AND REPRODUCTIVE SY.docx
Module 5 - Case
STRESS EFFECTS ON THE EXCRETORY AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS
Note: If you have trouble viewing some of the course materials, install Quicktime and the Adobe Shockwave Player, both of which can be downloaded free from the Internet.
STOP!!! YOU MUST HAVE COMPLETED THE TUTORIALS AND VIEWED ALL LINKS ON THE MODULE 5 HOME PAGE IN ORDER TO COMPLETE THIS CASE ASSIGNMENT!!!!
Case Assignment
Now that you have reviewed the anatomy and physiology of reproduction, let’s continue to investigate the influence of the stress response on human reproductive function. We will begin by investigating the interactions between hormones responsible for regulating female reproductive cycles and the stress hormones.
First read some background on stress and reproduction in the article, “
Stress puts double whammy on reproductive system
,” By Robert Sanders, UC Berkeley News. 15 June 2009.
Next read the review by Kalantaridou, N.S., et al.
Stress and the female reproductive system
. Journal of Reproductive Immunology. 2004.62:61–68, and address the following questions in paragraph format:
What term is used in this article to describe the regulatory axis of the reproductive system? What is the principle regulatory hormone for this axis?
What effects does the HPA axis have on the female reproductive system? What two hormones are described in this article and what are the general effects of these hormones on female reproductive organs?
Which female reproductive organs normally respond to CRH? What effect does this hormone have on these organs? What is the role of this hormonal signal in regulating reproduction? Use Table 2 and do a little outside research to look up any unfamiliar terms.
Recall the information that you have reviewed in previous modules about unregulated cortisol and stress hormone release on the other systems of the body. What are the implications of dysregulation of CRH and glucocorticoids for human reproduction? Describe the physiological and psychological effects that these hormones can have relative to female reproduction.
Assignment Expectations
Organize this assignment by answering the questions above in four paragraphs that align with the numbering above. Answer each question using complete sentences that relate back to the question. Be sure to include a references section at the end of your assignment that lists the websites and articles used above and any additional resources you used to research your answers. Follow the format provided in the Background page.
Stress puts double whammy on reproductive system
By Robert Sanders, Media Relations
| 15 June 2009
BERKELEY —
University of California, Berkeley, researchers have found what they think is a critical and, until now, missing piece of the puzzle about how stress causes sexual dysfunction and infertility.
Scientists know that stress boosts levels of stress hormones - glucocorticoids such as cortisol - that inhibit the body's main sex hormone, gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH).
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Heavy drinking in pregnancy can alter unborn babies’ brains, study shows
- 1. Heavy drinking in pregnancy can alter babies’ brain, study shows By Veera Strömmer, VM1 2011
- 2. Outline Introduction Scripps Research Intsitute of California Research Conclusion What’s coming next? References
- 3. Introduction Humans have in total 46 choromosomes Even a small change in the number of chromosomes can effect significantly in the individual’s appearance and behaviour Changes in the number of cromosomes are known to have a dramatic effect on brain development For example, Down syndrome is caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21
- 5. Scripps Research Intsitute of California Neuroscientist Jerold Chun and his team do research how drinking effects on unborn babies’ brains
- 6. Research Researchers watch the numbers of chromosomes in brain cells before and after giving ethanol (alcohol) to mice Researhers also insert amphetamin to some mice to watch how drugs effect in unborn babies’ brain
- 7. Conclusion Researchers found changes in the quarter of the neurons heavy drinking during pregnancy could alter the genetic makeup of unborn babies’ brains, causing mental and behavioural problems Changes inserting drugs and alcohol were similar
- 8. What’s coming next? Inthe next stage of the research, Chun’s team hope to find out whether some chromosomes are affected more than others, how well the brain repairs the genetic damage, and whether the changes can explain particular developmental and behavioural problems seen in humans
- 9. References http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2011 /nov/13/drinking-pregnancy-unborn- babies-brains http://www.chromodisorder.org/CDO/Ge neral/IntroToChromosomes.aspx Thank you!