Heat and Temperature Difference, Internal Energy, Temperature Scales(Celsius, Kelvin and Fahrenheit) and Thermometer, Hypothermia and Hyperthermia

2. Temperature
• It is the measure of average kinetic energy of the
particles in a body.
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
“All particles of matter are in constant motion.”
• Temperature is fundamental quantity of any
matter.
• Units such as Fahrenheit, Celsius/ Centigrade and
Kelvin are used to quantify temperature.

3. Thermometer
• It is a device used to measure temperature.

4. Fahrenheit
• It was formulated by
Daniel Fahrenheit based
on his experiment using a
mercuric thermometer
and ice-salt solution.

5. Celsius
• It was invented by Anders
Celsius using pure water.

6. Kelvin
• William Thomson, also
known as Lord Kelvin
devised the absolute zero
temperature scale.
K = 273.15 °C

7. Internal Energy
• It may seem that the glass-water
system has zero energy. But in the
microscopic level, the molecules are
in constant motion(kinetic energy)
and attractive forces between
molecules(potential energy).
• The combination of motion an
attractive energy of the molecules
gives the internal energy of an
object.

8. Which has the highest internal energy?
90°C 90°C

9. Which has the highest internal energy?
90°C 90°C

10. Which has the highest internal energy?
90°C 100°C

11. Which has the highest internal energy?
100°C 90°C

12. Which has the highest internal energy?
100°C 50°C

13. Thermal Equilibrium
• It is a condition when
bodies in a system cease to
transfer heat and is
manifested by a single
temperature.

14. Heat
• It is a form of energy not
inherent in a body. Its
presence depends on the
difference in temperatures
of two bodies in contact.
• The transfer of heat is a
natural process and will
only stop if both bodies
possess the same
temperature.
A
B

15. Heat
• It is a form of energy not
inherent in a body. Its
presence depends on the
difference in temperatures
of two bodies in contact.
• The transfer of heat is a
natural process and will
only stop if both bodies
possess the same
temperature.
A
B