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Sensory Biology of Sharks
Dr. Mikki McComb
Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute
Florida Atlantic University
Sharks, Skates and Rays
Steve KajiuraAllison Vitsky
McComb
Sara McCutcheon
Elasmobranch Eyes
Shark Vision
Research FocusResearch Focus
Visual Fields Temporal
Resolution
Spectral Sensitivity
Visual Fields
Binocular convergence point
Convergence distance
Blind area
Cyclopean
Binocular
Monocular
Raja eglanteria
Urobatis jamaicensis
Dasyatis sabina
Rhinoptera bonasus
How Do You Test Their Vision?
8º
20º
38º
12º
20º
Skate Yellow
Atlantic Cownose
Vertical Visual Fields
Mike Johnston
28º 34º
72º 46º
2º
Atlantic Cownose
Yellow
Skate
Horizontal Visual Fields
Hammerhead Visual Fields
Hammerhead Evolution
Shark Visual Fields
Lemon
185°
Blacknose
192°
Bonnethead
189°
Hammerhead
187°
Vertical 360°
Binocular Overlap
13° 32°10° 11° 48°
Hammerhead Visual Field
Lemon Blacknose Bonnethead Hammerhead
56cm 47cm 51cm 38cm
252cm2
195cm2
308cm2
384cm2
Hammerhead Blind Area
Vision and Electroreception
Ampullae of Lorenzini
Blacknose Electroreception
Bonnethead Electroreception
Orientation distance
38.1 cm
31.0 cm
Maximum distance
%ofOrientations
Bonnethead
Blacknose
cm
Blacknose Overlap
94%
Bonnethead
93%
Scalloped Hammerhead
100%
Joel Curzon
Sensory Integration
Sensitivity and Habitat
Spectral Sensitivity Testing
Sensitivity and Habitat
• Sensitivity Hypothesis:
Sensitivity will match
environmental spectra.
• Twilight Hypothesis:
Sensitivity will be tuned
maximally to twilight
conditions.
Day, moon, starlight (450-600 nm)
Twilight (460-470 nm)
Visible Spectrum (350-650 nm)
Electroretinogram
RelativeSensitivity
0
1
0
1
0
1
Shark Spectral Sensitivity
How Fast Do Their Eyes Work?
Temporal Resolution
• Temporal resolution is tied to ecology
• Bright light / higher temporal resolution
Temporal Resolution
18 Hz
26 Hz
30 Hz
Light
ERG trace
Indian River Lagoon
Indian River Lagoon
4,000 species
35 species threatened or endangered
Most diverse estuary in North America
2007 --$3.7 billion economic benefits
Indian River Lagoon
2010 SFWMD and Army Corp Engineers
113 Million Dollars
– Improve water quality in IRL by reducing the
load of nutrients, pesticides, and suspended
materials conveyed in runoff.
– Improve habitat and increase diversity and
abundance of native plant and animal species.
– Tourism and recreation
– Enhancing commercial and recreational
fisheries and associated industries.
Predatory Fishes
Tarpon
Megalops atlanticus
Common Snook
Centropomus undecimalis
Acknowledgements
Mote Staff
Jack Morris
Gumbo Staff
Dr. Rusenko
University of South Florida
Kyle Mara
Jayne Gardiner
University of Hawaii
Yannis Papastamatiou
Ariel Rivera-Vicente
Charles Darwin University
Daniel Kimberley
Dr. T. Tricas
Dr. K. Holland
Dr. C. Luer
Dr. I. Schwab
Dr. P. Motta
Dr. J. Wyneken
Dr. M. Salmon
Dr. R. Brinn
Dr. G. Herring
Shark Lab
Dave McGowan
Laura Macesic
Tricia Meredith
Anthony Cornett
Chris Bedore
Kier Smith
Jodi Miedema
Volunteers
Florida Atlantic University
Mark Royer
Mary Morris
Boca Raton Women’s Club
Dr. S. Kajiura
Dr. T. Frank Dr. T. Sutton Dr. R. Hueter Dr. J. Blanks
Questions and Comments

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HBOITALK 1.12.50 PM

Editor's Notes

  1. Swell shark-Patterson Angel shark
  2. Winghead discussion elaborate on collection and morphological collection post trip
  3. Add significance here on CD and BA P value
  4. Clip the beginning of this film
  5. Studying vision and visual field , ss , tr has given us better understanding of the visual capabilities, their role in the ecosystem, electroreception integrates the entire organism Further studies that integrate systems and incorporate environmental parameters They are still misunderstood
  6. Clarke 1936 McFarland 1991
  7. Clarke 1936 McFarland 1991
  8. Lowest input of light energy that gets largest response is their most sensitive wavelength Add twilight spectra Error and sample size Axis same scale