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“We teach best
what we most need to learn”
                 Richard Bach
1504 Positive Psychology


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       2004           2006             2008
Happier
Daily joy & Lasting Fulfillment


by Tal Ben Shahar
What is Happiness?   Happiness Applied   7 Meditations
Part 1
What is Happiness?
1. The Question of Happiness
I define happiness as
“the overall experience of
pleasure and meaning.”
                 Tal Ben Shahar
2. Reconciling Present and Future
3. Happiness Explained
4. The ultimate currency
“What, for you, is worth
all of the gold in Fort Knox?”
                  Marva Collins
“Existential vacuum is a widespread
phenomenon of the twentieth century”
                           Viktor Frankl
“each successive generation worldwide since the
opening of the [twentieth] century has lived with a
higher risk than their parents of suffering a major
   depression—not just sadness, but a paralyzing
         listlessness, dejection, and self-pity, and
                   an overwhelming hopelessness
                           over the course of life.”
                                  Daniel Goleman
5. Setting Goals
“Happiness grows less from the
   passive experience of desirable
          circumstances than from
    involvement in valued activities
and progress toward one’s goals.”
               David Myers & Ed Diener
Want To         Have To




          vs.
Part 2
Happiness Applied
Education   Work   Relationships
6. Happiness in Education
The drowning model         The lovemaking model




                     vs.
7. Happiness in the Workplace
“The most beautiful fate,
      the most wonderful good fortune
that can happen to any human being,
  is to be paid for doing that which he
             passionately loves to do.”
                        Abraham Maslow
8. Happiness in Relations
“All who would win joy must share it;
        happiness was born a twin.”
                            Lord Byron
Part 3
7 Meditations
On Happiness
1. Self-interest and benevolence
“It is one of the most beautiful
compensations of this life that no man
    can sincerely try to help another
             without helping himself.”
                    Ralph Waldo Emerson
2. Happiness Boosters
“Fill your life with as many moments
and experiences of joy and passion
 as you humanly can. Start with one
          experience and build on it.”
                         Marcia Wieder 
3. Beyond the temporary high
“Time-use may be the determinant
     of well-being that is the most
     susceptible to improvement.”
                    Daniel Kahneman
4. Letting our own light shine
"Most people are about as happy as
   they make up their minds to be."
                      Abraham Lincoln
5. Imagine
“Life would be infinitely happier
       if we could only be born
        at the age of eighty and
 gradually approach eighteen.”
                      Mark Twain
6. Take your time
“The golden moments in the stream of life rush past us and we see nothing but
sand; the angels come to visit us, and we only know them when they are gone.”
                                George Eliot
7. The Happiness Revolution
“The world has to learn that the actual
 pleasure derived from material things
   is of rather low quality on the whole
 and less even in quantity than it looks
         to those who have not tried it.”
                      Oliver Wendell Holmes
A Peaceful Revolution
What is Happiness?   Happiness Applied   7 Meditations
This is IT!
Q&A
“If you want to be happy, be!”
                       Lev Tolstoi
Positive Emotions
Engagement
Relations
Meaning
Achievement

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Happier

Editor's Notes

  1. \n
  2. Positive Psychology started in 1998 when Martin Seligman was president of APA\nIt started because of an anonymous donor ($1.5 million) “Atlantic Philanthropies.”\nHappiness is not new: Plato @ Academy; Aristotle@Lyceum; Confucius @ village to village\nMartin Seligman presented it @ TED 2004 posted in 2009\n
  3. \n
  4. Published in 2007\n\n
  5. \n
  6. \n
  7. If this THEN I’ll be happy => Life of quiet desperation\nEmotions are fleeting \n\n\n
  8. Not binary experience; From Happy to Happier\nHow can I become happier?\n\n1.Rituals (positive & negative)\n2. Gratitude\n
  9. \n
  10. Rat race - always in the future\nHedonic - hedonic adaptation\nNihilist - learned helplessness\nHappiness - How can I be happier now and in the future\n\n
  11. \n
  12. Regressive WHY exercise \n\n
  13. The Garden of Earthly Delights by Hieronymus Bosc\nPleasure is all about RIGHT NOW, present benefit\n\n
  14. Meaning is about a future benefit. \n\nThis is the true joy in live, the being used for a purpose recognized by yourself as a mighty one. \nGeorge Bernard Shaw\n\nThe great and glorious masterpiece of man is to live with purpose\nMichel de Montaigne\n\n\n
  15. \n
  16. Reagan & Bush sr. Secretary of education\n\n75K -> flatline (Kahneman) \n\n
  17. Emotional Bankruptcy\n\n
  18. What good will it be for a man if he gains the whole world, yet forfeits his soul? \nOr what can a man give in exchange for his soul? \n- Matthew 16:26\n
  19. \n
  20. \n
  21. Self-Concordant Goals. (Long term + short term + action plan)\nThe proper role of goals is to liberate us, so that we can enjoy the here and now.\nDeadlines vs. Lifelines. \n“My wife, Tami, and I often help each other set goals for ourselves—personal as well as joint ones. A few years ago, as I was talking about setting a deadline for one of the goals, she pointed out to me that because self-concordant goals inspire—literally, can put the spirit in us—it would be more appropriate to speak of lifelines. Similarly, when in pursuit of goals that are both pleasurable and meaningful, that yield both present and future benefit, we are enlivening time rather than killing time.”\n\n
  22. Happiness Board \ncare about you and your happiness and \nwill hold you accountable to the ultimate currency. \n\n
  23. \n
  24. \n
  25. \n
  26. "A person whose head is forced under water will suffer discomfort and pain and will struggle to escape. If, at the last moment, his head is released, he will gasp for air and experience a sense of intoxicating relief."\n\nAchievement vs. cultivation of the love of learning. \n\n
  27. Engagement \n\nEmotions as the Great Equalizer: David Myers and Ed Diener summarize research on subjective well-being: “Happiness and life satisfaction are similarly available to the young and the old, women and men, blacks and whites, the rich and the working-class.” The ultimate currency is the great equalizer.\n\nDo you accept negative emotions? Do you give yourself permission to be human?\n\n
  28. Emotions as the Great Equalizer: David Myers and Ed Diener summarize research on subjective well-being: “Happiness and life satisfaction are similarly available to the young and the old, women and men, blacks and whites, the rich and the working-class.” The ultimate currency is the great equalizer.\n\nDo you accept negative emotions? Do you give yourself permission to be human?\n\n
  29. \n
  30. Finding your calling.\n\nJob: chore, have to go to work\ncareer: extrinsic motivation (money, advancement) \ncalling: intrinsic motivation (For a person experiencing his work as a calling, work is an end in itself.) \n
  31. When our first question is “What can I do?” we give priority to quantifiable currencies (money and the approval of others); when our first question is “What do I want to do?” (that is, “What gives me meaning and pleasure?”), our choice is driven by our pursuit of the ultimate currency. \n\nWhen it comes to generating the ultimate currency, how we perceive the work can matter more than the work itself.\nRalph Waldo Emerson was right: “To different minds, the same world is a hell, and a heaven.” (ex. Scufita Rosie)\n\n\n
  32. \n
  33. Ed Diener and Martin Seligman studied “very happy people” and compared them to those who were less happy. The only external factor that distinguished the two groups was the presence of “rich and satisfying social relationships.”\n
  34. A relationship is a transaction in the ultimate currency. Like every transaction, the more profitable a relationship is for both people, the more likely it is to flourish.\n
  35.  To Be Known Rather than Validated\nTime-in:  Think of ways in which you can help your partner get to know you better. Think of ways in which you can get to know your partner better.\n\n
  36. Cultivating over Finding: movies end where love begins.\n
  37. \n
  38. \n
  39. Most of those philosophies and religions that advocate self- sacrifice as the foundation of morality, as Kant does, assume that acting in one’s self-interest inevitably leads to acting against the interests of others—that if we do not fight our selfish inclinations, we will hurt others and disregard their needs.\nWhat this worldview fails to acknowledge, however, is that we do not need to make a choice between helping others and helping ourselves. They are not mutually exclusive possibilities.\n\n
  40. \n
  41. Value of free time\nBrainstorm Happiness Boosters\n\n
  42. \n
  43. Tami, my wife, distinguishes between height and depth as they relate to happiness: “the height element refers to the fluctuations in our levels of well-being, the highs and lows we experience; the depth refers to that part of our well-being that is stable, to our base level of happiness.”\n
  44. \n
  45. Inherent Worthiness: Nathaniel Branden writes, “In order to seek values, man must consider himself worthy of enjoying them. In order to fight for his happiness, he must consider himself worthy of happiness.”\n\nOur deepest fear is not that we are inadequate. Our deepest fear is that we are powerful beyond measure. It is our light, not our darkness, that most frightens us. We ask ourselves who am I to be brilliant, gorgeous, talented and fabulous? Actually, who are you not to be?\n
  46. \n
  47. You are one hundred and ten years old. A time machine has just been invented, and you are selected as one of the first people to use it. he inventor, a scientist from NASA, tells you that you will be transported back to the day when, as it hap- pens, you first read Happier. You, with the wisdom of having lived and experienced life, have fifteen minutes to spend with your younger and less experienced self. What do you say when you meet? What advice do you give yourself?\n\n“Live as if you were living for the second time and had acted as wrongly the first time as you are about to act now.” - Viktor Frankl\n
  48. \n
  49. Time-in: In what areas or activities (if any) do you feel that you are compromising on your happiness because of time pressure?Psychologist Tim Kasser shows in his research that time affluence is a consistent predictor of well-being, whereas material affluence is not.\n\nDaniel Kahneman: “When there are too many competing demands on our time and attention, our ability to be present is diminished—and with it, our ability to appreciate and enjoy the experience.”\n\nSimplify!: “Simplicity, simplicity, simplicity! I say let your affairs be as two or three, and not a hundred or a thousand; instead of a million count half a dozen.” - Henry David Thoreau\n
  50. \n
  51. Happiness perception is about recognizing that happiness is the ultimate currency, the end toward which all other goals lead. \n
  52. Time-in: How will your life change if you shift, in theory and in practice, further toward happiness perception?\n\nConflict Resolution\nThink of a conlict, major or minor, that you have with another per- son or a group. In writing, elaborate on the price that you and the other party are paying in the ultimate currency. Is the price worth it?\n\n
  53. \n
  54. HERE AND NOW:\n"Be the change you want to see in the world." - Gandhi\n\nOne of the common barriers to happiness is the false expectation that one thing—a book or a teacher, a princess or a knight, an accomplishment, a prize, or a revelation—will bring us eternal bliss. While all these things can contribute to our well-being, at best they form a small part of the mosaic of a happy life. (focusing illusion) \n\n
  55. Published in 2007\n\n
  56. \n
  57. \n