HANDWASHING

2. WE GOING TO ANSWER 5 QUESTIONS ABOUT
HAND WASHING
WHAT WHY WHEN
WHERE HOW
Handwashing
Facts

3. WHAT IS THIS
•Handwashing means to clean hands
and a minimum of twenty (20)
seconds using soap and water
•Regular handwashing is one of the
best ways to remove germs, avoid
getting sick, and prevent the spread
of germs to others.

4. WHY
•AROUND 80% of infectious diseases are transferred by touch.
•Harmful germs such as bacteria and viruses that cause illness
and infection are everywhere, including on our hands.
(salmonella, the flu, gastroenteritis and the common cold.)
•One simple way for everyone to contribute,IN reducing the
spread is to develop good hand hygiene practises.
•Given we cannot hide from or avoid germs, we can work to
preventing the spread of germs.

5. RELEVANCE
•Research shows that washing hands with soap and
water could reduce deaths from diarrheal disease by up
to 50%
•Researchers estimate that if everyone routinely washed
their hands, 1 million deaths a year could be prevented.4
•Handwashing can reduce the risk of respiratory illnesses,
like colds, in the general population by 16–21%
https://www.cdc.gov/hygiene/fast-
facts.html#:~:text=Researchers%20estimate%20that%20if%20everyone,a%20year%20could%20be%20prevented.&text=A%2
0large%20percentage%20of%20foodborne,foodborne%20illness%20and%20other%20infections.

6. HISTORY…
• Until the mid-1800s, doctors didn’t bother washing their hands – they would go from
dissecting a cadaver to delivering a child. Then a Hungarian medic made an essential,
much-resisted breakthrough
• In Europe in the 1840s, many new mothers were dying from an ailment known as
puerperal fever, SHE dieD shortly after giving birth.
• Hungarian physician Ignaz Semmelweis was intrigued by the problem and sought its
origins. He noticed that the mortality rate from the fever was much lower when
midwives delivered babies.
• In the mornings at the hospital, doctors observed and assisted their students with
autopsies as part of their medical training.
• Then, in the afternoons, the physicians and students worked in the maternity ward
examining patients and delivering babies.
• Semmelweis hypothesized that “cadaverous particles” were being transferred from
dead bodies to new mothers by the doctors and their students.
• In 1847, Semmelweis implemented mandatory handwashing among the students and
doctors who worked for him at the Vienna General Hospital. The mortality rate in the
physician-run maternity ward plummeted.
The surprising 130-year history of handwashing

8. •Visiting a sick person in
hospital
•Touching a wound, cut or
rash.
•Between handling raw and
cooked or ready-to-eat food
(for children who are old
enough.).
Adults and children should wash hands after:
•Touching, cuddling or holding a sick child,
such as a sibling.
•Touching cutlery, drinking cups and other
objects.
•Touching a wound.
•Touching pets or other animals.
•Hands become visibly dirty.
•Using the toilet.
•Blowing nose, sneezing or coughing.
•Handling rubbish or anything that might
contain dirty germs.
•Touching raw meat.
WHEN

9. DO YOU KNOW THAT…..????
•Hand washing should take 15-20 seconds to effectively
remove most of the bacteria, although the majority of
people rarely achieve this, with just six seconds the
average time spent hand washing.
•The palm and between the fingers are usually the focus,
even though the level of bacteria doubles under the
fingertips after a trip to the toilet.
•A good (proper) hand washing will help eliminate this
harmful bacteria, help stop the spread of germs and
reduce instances of illness.

10. • The Center for Disease Control recommends the public follow these
guidelines to stop the spread of germs.
• 1. Wet your hands in running water and apply soap. Neither the
temperature of the water nor the type of soap you use (antibacterial
or otherwise) impacts how many microbes are removed.
• 2. Lather the soap by rubbing your hands together. The friction will
increase the number of microbes removed.
• 3. Scrub for at least 20 seconds, or the approximate amount of time it
takes to hum the “Happy Birthday” song twice.
• 4. Rinse your hands completely in clean, running water. Studies have
not shown that using a paper towel to turn off the faucet improves
health, according the the CDC.
• 5. Dry your hands either on a clean towel or by air drying them.
WHERE AND HOW

14. Pepper and Soap Experiment
• This is a great experiment to demonstrate how soap works.
• divide into 5 groups of 6 people AND NAMED YOUR GROUP
• IM GOING TO demonstrate this EXPERIMENT first and then YOU WILL HAVE a chance to try it
on YOUR own.
• IN EACH GROUP, 1 PERSON WILL BE DO 1 ACTIVITY. ALL PEOPLE SHOULD TO PARTICIPATE
• 1- Add water TO PLATE
• 2- ADD pepper to a plate
• 3- place your finger into soap and add your own finger to the plate with pepper.
• 4- LOOK AT AND …. ANSWER THE QUESTION….. ….. WHAT DID HAPPEN???
• 5- WHAT IS THE MEAN OF THIS ACTIVITY???
• 6- WHY IS IMPORTANT THE HANDWASHING???}
• the pepper repels from the soapy finger.
• Pepper is hydrophobic or doesn't dissolve or mix into water. Since water molecules are
strongly attracted to each other, or have a high surface tension, it keeps the pepper
afloat. Adding soap breaks down the surface tension and as the water molecules spread out
away from the soap, they brings the pepper with them

15. • This happens because the liquid dish soap changes the surface tension of
water.
• The surface tension of a liquid is the tendency of liquid surfaces to resist an
external force due to the cohesive nature of its molecules. The pepper
flakes are so light, it floats on the water surface due to surface tension. The
addition of soap broke the surface tension of water, but the water
molecules want to keep the surface tension intact. So they pull away from
the soap along with the pepper flakes. This pushes the pepper or “germs”
away from your soap covered finger. This is why soap is such a great
cleaning agent and so effective in cleaning dishes and taking all the grease
and dirt away.
• This pepper and soap experiment also shows how germs are removed from
hands with soap. The pepper flakes or “germs” were not chased away until
you added soap to the bowl.

16. • Remember the pepper is representing our germs in this experiment.
Without any soap on your finger the germs (or pepper) don't move at
all. However, germs do not like soap. The soap is able to surround the
germs and take them off of your hands and wash them right down
the drain!