This document discusses catchment management and abstractions. It provides learning objectives on abstraction risk, impacts from abstractions, environmental flows, and potential measures. It then discusses various topics related to abstractions including risk assessment, impacts from abstractions, environmental flows, and existing and future measures for regulating abstractions. Drinking water safety plans, groundwater protection plans, and integrated catchment management are also summarized as they relate to abstraction and drinking water quality.
This document discusses environmental flows in Texas. It provides a historical overview and outlines the paradigm shift that occurred with the passage of Senate Bill 1 in 1997, Senate Bill 2 in 2001, and Senate Bill 3 in 2007. These bills required the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality to adopt rules related to environmental flows and establish standards and procedures. The document then summarizes key aspects of the administrative code related to environmental flows, components of instream and estuarine freshwater inflow regimes, required work plans, funding and priority projects from 2014-2015 and 2016-2017, and implementation requirements regarding permit adjustments.
This document provides an overview and approach for revising the general permit for construction activities in California. It discusses moving towards a risk-based permit approach that establishes tiered implementation and monitoring requirements based on a project's sediment yield risk and the receiving water's sensitivity. A key goal is adopting a standard to avoid, minimize, and mitigate hydromodification impacts from new and redevelopment projects. Runoff reduction measures are also discussed as an option to address hydromodification impacts.
The document provides an overview of water planning in Queensland. It discusses (1) previous problems with incremental water management that did not consider basin-wide impacts, (2) the state's responsibility to manage water resources through plans and licenses, and (3) the current two-part water planning process involving water resource plans and resource operations plans developed through technical assessments, community consultation, and hydrological modeling to allocate water between human and environmental needs while allowing water trading.
The document summarizes LCRA's plans to expand water supplies in central Texas to meet growing demands through 2070. It discusses developing groundwater resources, building the Lane City Reservoir downstream on the Colorado River, and other projects. The 40,000 acre-foot Lane City Reservoir would capture additional runoff and increase system efficiency, with an annual firm yield of 90,000 acre-feet. It requires various permits and has engineering controls like cutoff walls. LCRA is also building the smaller Prairie Conservation Reservoir to enhance irrigation operations in the Lakeside Division.
This document provides an overview of desired future conditions (DFCs), which are quantified goals for groundwater resources like water levels or volumes at specific future times. Groundwater conservation districts within groundwater management areas are required to jointly develop DFCs through a public process. DFCs help inform the modeled available groundwater and groundwater management plans. Key points covered include what constitutes a DFC, the factors considered in developing them, the process for adopting DFCs, and examples of actual DFCs adopted in different groundwater management areas across Texas.
This document discusses strategies for improving water resource protection in real estate development projects. It promotes an open space design approach that requires conserving at least 60% of project sites as open space. This protects water supplies, habitat and other natural resources while also reducing infrastructure costs. The document provides model zoning regulations and guidelines to implement this approach, including conducting conservation analyses, minimizing impervious surfaces, using low impact development stormwater techniques, and incentivizing permanent land conservation.
Presented by Vladimir Smakhtin at the Ministry of Water Resources, New Delhi, India, November 4, 2014.
The flows of India’s rivers are increasingly being modified by dams and weirs and abstractions for agriculture and urban use. These interventions have caused significant alteration of flow regimes mainly by reducing total flow and affecting its variability and seasonality. An Environmental Flow (EF) is the water regime provided within a river, wetland or coastal zone to maintain ecosystems and their benefits. Environmental Flows describe the quantity, quality and timing of water flows required to sustain freshwater and estuarine ecosystems and the human livelihoods and well-being that depend on these ecosystems. This presentation looks at how the EF approach has been tested in India and describes a project to apply EF methodology to the upper Ganga.
This document discusses catchment management and abstractions. It provides learning objectives on abstraction risk, impacts from abstractions, environmental flows, and potential measures. It then discusses various topics related to abstractions including risk assessment, impacts from abstractions, environmental flows, and existing and future measures for regulating abstractions. Drinking water safety plans, groundwater protection plans, and integrated catchment management are also summarized as they relate to abstraction and drinking water quality.
This document discusses environmental flows in Texas. It provides a historical overview and outlines the paradigm shift that occurred with the passage of Senate Bill 1 in 1997, Senate Bill 2 in 2001, and Senate Bill 3 in 2007. These bills required the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality to adopt rules related to environmental flows and establish standards and procedures. The document then summarizes key aspects of the administrative code related to environmental flows, components of instream and estuarine freshwater inflow regimes, required work plans, funding and priority projects from 2014-2015 and 2016-2017, and implementation requirements regarding permit adjustments.
This document provides an overview and approach for revising the general permit for construction activities in California. It discusses moving towards a risk-based permit approach that establishes tiered implementation and monitoring requirements based on a project's sediment yield risk and the receiving water's sensitivity. A key goal is adopting a standard to avoid, minimize, and mitigate hydromodification impacts from new and redevelopment projects. Runoff reduction measures are also discussed as an option to address hydromodification impacts.
The document provides an overview of water planning in Queensland. It discusses (1) previous problems with incremental water management that did not consider basin-wide impacts, (2) the state's responsibility to manage water resources through plans and licenses, and (3) the current two-part water planning process involving water resource plans and resource operations plans developed through technical assessments, community consultation, and hydrological modeling to allocate water between human and environmental needs while allowing water trading.
The document summarizes LCRA's plans to expand water supplies in central Texas to meet growing demands through 2070. It discusses developing groundwater resources, building the Lane City Reservoir downstream on the Colorado River, and other projects. The 40,000 acre-foot Lane City Reservoir would capture additional runoff and increase system efficiency, with an annual firm yield of 90,000 acre-feet. It requires various permits and has engineering controls like cutoff walls. LCRA is also building the smaller Prairie Conservation Reservoir to enhance irrigation operations in the Lakeside Division.
This document provides an overview of desired future conditions (DFCs), which are quantified goals for groundwater resources like water levels or volumes at specific future times. Groundwater conservation districts within groundwater management areas are required to jointly develop DFCs through a public process. DFCs help inform the modeled available groundwater and groundwater management plans. Key points covered include what constitutes a DFC, the factors considered in developing them, the process for adopting DFCs, and examples of actual DFCs adopted in different groundwater management areas across Texas.
This document discusses strategies for improving water resource protection in real estate development projects. It promotes an open space design approach that requires conserving at least 60% of project sites as open space. This protects water supplies, habitat and other natural resources while also reducing infrastructure costs. The document provides model zoning regulations and guidelines to implement this approach, including conducting conservation analyses, minimizing impervious surfaces, using low impact development stormwater techniques, and incentivizing permanent land conservation.
Presented by Vladimir Smakhtin at the Ministry of Water Resources, New Delhi, India, November 4, 2014.
The flows of India’s rivers are increasingly being modified by dams and weirs and abstractions for agriculture and urban use. These interventions have caused significant alteration of flow regimes mainly by reducing total flow and affecting its variability and seasonality. An Environmental Flow (EF) is the water regime provided within a river, wetland or coastal zone to maintain ecosystems and their benefits. Environmental Flows describe the quantity, quality and timing of water flows required to sustain freshwater and estuarine ecosystems and the human livelihoods and well-being that depend on these ecosystems. This presentation looks at how the EF approach has been tested in India and describes a project to apply EF methodology to the upper Ganga.
Operation of SAWS New Groundwater Desal Plant - Richard DonatTWCA
The document discusses the SAWS Brackish Groundwater Desalination Project. It outlines the water supply challenges facing San Antonio that led SAWS to pursue brackish groundwater desalination. The Phase I project involves drilling 12 production wells to draw brackish water from the Lower Wilcox Formation and treating the water through reverse osmosis to produce 12 MGD of drinking water. The document discusses various challenges faced in planning, designing, constructing, and operating the desalination facility.
This document provides an overview of Maryland wetland law and the process for obtaining permits from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and Maryland Department of the Environment for impacts to tidal and non-tidal wetlands and waters. It defines key terms like waters of the U.S., wetlands, and regulated impacts. It also explains the joint federal/state permit application process and requirements for delineating wetland boundaries, conducting alternatives analyses, and developing mitigation plans.
Regulating our way to beter creeks and streamsGreg Gearheart
This document discusses challenges with regulating stormwater and hydromodification (alterations to streams) in California. It notes there are many different standards used throughout the state, which vary significantly between regions. Protecting streams requires addressing issues like development, sedimentation, and watershed impacts, but California's regulatory framework is fragmented with different rules for stormwater permits, 401 certifications, and other programs. The document calls for a more unified, technically-based statewide approach to setting hydromodification standards and managing watershed health.
The document provides an overview of environmental compliance laws for architects, focusing on the Clean Water Act and how it regulates development near Waters of the United States. It discusses (1) how the CWA establishes regulatory criteria for development projects and affects state and local laws, (2) what water features are considered Waters of the US, and (3) examples of state and local permitting processes that are triggered by the presence of Waters of the US on a development site.
The City of Los Angeles is working to comply with stormwater permit requirements and address 22 Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) impacting the city through watershed planning and four Enhanced Watershed Management Plans. The plans outline best management practices like green infrastructure to meet water quality milestones and permit obligations by leveraging resources and coordinating with stakeholders. Stormwater can be viewed as a water resource, and the plans present an opportunity to augment water supplies in a cost-effective and sustainable manner.
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Update, Mark Mazzanti SESTWCA
This 3-paragraph summary provides an overview of the USACE Civil Works Programs and Policy Update presentation:
The presentation discusses the USACE Southwestern Division's civil works mission and area of responsibility, which includes hundreds of water resources development projects across 4 states. It highlights some of the major programs, such as navigation, hydropower, water supply, recreation, and flood risk management. The presentation also provides an overview of the civil works budget outlook and new authorities granted under the Water Infrastructure Improvements for the Nation Act. These include provisions related to cost-sharing, flood risk management projects, mitigation banking, beneficial use of dredged material, and authorization of proposed feasibility studies.
The document proposes a rule change to the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) to provide incentives for wastewater treatment plants to beneficially reuse treated effluent. Currently, land application permits (TLAP) do not provide credit for reuse, requiring plants to acquire more land than needed. The proposed rule would allow plants to claim a credit toward reducing the required size of disposal fields and ponds based on the volume of effluent that can be reliably reused through contracts. This would help plants expand capacity in a flexible manner without acquiring additional land, encourage water reuse, and reduce costs and permitting hurdles associated with population growth in central Texas.
The document summarizes a study that monitored roadway runoff and developed design guidance for roadway BMPs. Field studies were conducted at six sub-basins near an intersection of I-80 and I-680 in Omaha, Nebraska. Water quality samples found metals, COD, TSS, and TDS to be major contaminants in runoff. Roadside vegetation was effective at reducing runoff. The existing detention basin provided some pollutant load reductions. Based on results, design guidance was created for BMPs like vegetated swales, bioretention cells, and sand filters to treat roadway runoff.
Flood and drought mitigation - Matt MachielseYourAlberta
Matt, Assistant Deputy Minister with Alberta Environment and Sustainable Resource Development presented at Alberta’s Watershed Management Symposium: Flood and Drought Mitigation. He explained key findings from the Government of Alberta’s flood mitigation engineering studies are presented, along with next steps for major flood mitigation projects.
TWCA Annual Convention: GCD's Role in Protection of Water Quality, Bill Dugat...TWCA
This document summarizes a presentation given at the 72nd Annual Texas Water Conservation Association Convention on the role of Groundwater Conservation Districts (GCDs) in protecting water quality. The presentation discussed GCDs' authority over water quality under Texas law, including rulemaking, permitting, and enforcement powers to prevent waste and pollution of groundwater. Case studies were presented on a GCD-led recharge project to improve water quality entering a cave system and on legal disputes between GCDs and regulators over uranium mining and landfill permitting.
This document provides an overview of regulations pertaining to resource restoration activities in Maryland under the Clean Water Act. It explains that the CWA regulates activities involving grading and earth moving in waters of the US, including projects like stream and wetland restoration. It discusses the permit application process through the US Army Corps of Engineers and Maryland Department of Environment, which requires identifying the limits of waters of the US and any required coordination with other agencies. The presentation aims to help understand the regulatory drivers and processes involved in planning restoration projects.
Society of Wetland Scientists Annual Meeting, The Role of Wetlands in Meeting Global Environmental Challenges: Linking Wetland Science, Policy, and Society
February 2022 TAGD Business Meeting
Study Results: Delineating Injection Well Buffer Zones in Brackish Aquifers
Juan Acevedo, BRACS Hydrologist, TWDB Jack Sharp, Professor Emeritus in Geology, UT- Austin
The document outlines plans to design a field-scale research facility to study the effects of sea level rise on freshwater bottomland hardwood forests. It discusses selecting a site location within an existing forested wetland and designing infrastructure like water control structures to manipulate water levels and mimic predicted tidal influences under sea level rise. The facility aims to provide data on vegetation, soil, and hydrologic responses to help improve models of how rising seas may impact ecosystem services provided by wetlands.
The document outlines plans to design a field-scale research facility to study the effects of sea level rise on freshwater bottomland hardwood forests. It discusses selecting a site location within an existing forested wetland and designing the facility to manipulate water levels and mimic predicted tidal influences from rising sea levels. Literature on site hydrology, tidal patterns, and previous mesocosm experiments is reviewed to inform the design. Methods, preliminary results of modeling water flows and site layout, and cost estimates are provided. The goal is to gain critical data on vegetation, soil, and hydrologic responses to help improve models of how ecosystem services may be impacted by climate change.
The document proposes developing a field-scale research facility to study the effects of sea level rise on freshwater bottomland hardwood forests. It outlines:
1. Taking a representative area of a freshwater tidal wetland and manipulating its water levels to gain data on ecosystem responses to sea level rise.
2. The facility will test the hypothesis that as sea levels rise and hydroperiods change, these wetlands will shift in type and previously non-tidal wetlands will become tidally influenced.
3. The objectives are to design water control structures, develop an operational plan, and produce a site plan for the research area located in a bottomland hardwood forest in South Carolina.
Watershed management along the Colorado River - Michael GabaldonYourAlberta
Michael is an Associate Vice-President with AECOM and a presenter at Alberta’s Watershed Management Symposium: Flood and Drought Mitigation. Using the Colorado River and recent flood events in the State of Colorado as backdrops, Michael talked about bringing diverse stakeholders together to create an effective total watershed management plan.
The document discusses updates to desired future conditions (DFCs) for major aquifers in Texas. DFCs are quantified conditions for groundwater resources like water levels at specified future times, set by groundwater management area representatives. New DFCs were proposed by May 2016 and districts are considering public input before voting to adopt them. The document outlines the DFC process, factors considered, appeals process, and status of DFC proposals. It notes nearly 500 proposed or adopted DFCs so far, with the most in GMA 8 and for the Glen Rose aquifer subdivision.
This document provides an overview of current issues in stormwater management. It discusses how increased stormwater runoff from development can negatively impact water quality and the environment by altering hydrology, increasing erosion, degrading habitats, and reducing water quality. It also reviews regulations around stormwater management, including the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permitting process, state and local regulations, and water quality standards. Finally, it discusses best management practices (BMPs) for erosion and sediment control during construction as well as post-construction stormwater management, including low impact development techniques and engineered structural practices.
This document outlines groundwater management strategies for municipal officials. It notes that while the region receives abundant precipitation, local overuse and water quality problems are still possible if left unmanaged. It then describes a model groundwater protection ordinance that has been adopted by several Dutchess County towns. The ordinance establishes development standards and best practices to safeguard both groundwater quantity and quality. These include regulating certain land uses, prohibiting new underground fuel tanks, guidance for cluster subdivisions, and more rigorous pumping test requirements. The model aims to preserve aquifer and stream flows while also addressing issues like pharmaceutical contamination and climate change impacts. Towns can adopt this law or planning boards can apply its guidance under the State Environmental Quality Review Act.
Operation of SAWS New Groundwater Desal Plant - Richard DonatTWCA
The document discusses the SAWS Brackish Groundwater Desalination Project. It outlines the water supply challenges facing San Antonio that led SAWS to pursue brackish groundwater desalination. The Phase I project involves drilling 12 production wells to draw brackish water from the Lower Wilcox Formation and treating the water through reverse osmosis to produce 12 MGD of drinking water. The document discusses various challenges faced in planning, designing, constructing, and operating the desalination facility.
This document provides an overview of Maryland wetland law and the process for obtaining permits from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and Maryland Department of the Environment for impacts to tidal and non-tidal wetlands and waters. It defines key terms like waters of the U.S., wetlands, and regulated impacts. It also explains the joint federal/state permit application process and requirements for delineating wetland boundaries, conducting alternatives analyses, and developing mitigation plans.
Regulating our way to beter creeks and streamsGreg Gearheart
This document discusses challenges with regulating stormwater and hydromodification (alterations to streams) in California. It notes there are many different standards used throughout the state, which vary significantly between regions. Protecting streams requires addressing issues like development, sedimentation, and watershed impacts, but California's regulatory framework is fragmented with different rules for stormwater permits, 401 certifications, and other programs. The document calls for a more unified, technically-based statewide approach to setting hydromodification standards and managing watershed health.
The document provides an overview of environmental compliance laws for architects, focusing on the Clean Water Act and how it regulates development near Waters of the United States. It discusses (1) how the CWA establishes regulatory criteria for development projects and affects state and local laws, (2) what water features are considered Waters of the US, and (3) examples of state and local permitting processes that are triggered by the presence of Waters of the US on a development site.
The City of Los Angeles is working to comply with stormwater permit requirements and address 22 Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) impacting the city through watershed planning and four Enhanced Watershed Management Plans. The plans outline best management practices like green infrastructure to meet water quality milestones and permit obligations by leveraging resources and coordinating with stakeholders. Stormwater can be viewed as a water resource, and the plans present an opportunity to augment water supplies in a cost-effective and sustainable manner.
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Update, Mark Mazzanti SESTWCA
This 3-paragraph summary provides an overview of the USACE Civil Works Programs and Policy Update presentation:
The presentation discusses the USACE Southwestern Division's civil works mission and area of responsibility, which includes hundreds of water resources development projects across 4 states. It highlights some of the major programs, such as navigation, hydropower, water supply, recreation, and flood risk management. The presentation also provides an overview of the civil works budget outlook and new authorities granted under the Water Infrastructure Improvements for the Nation Act. These include provisions related to cost-sharing, flood risk management projects, mitigation banking, beneficial use of dredged material, and authorization of proposed feasibility studies.
The document proposes a rule change to the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) to provide incentives for wastewater treatment plants to beneficially reuse treated effluent. Currently, land application permits (TLAP) do not provide credit for reuse, requiring plants to acquire more land than needed. The proposed rule would allow plants to claim a credit toward reducing the required size of disposal fields and ponds based on the volume of effluent that can be reliably reused through contracts. This would help plants expand capacity in a flexible manner without acquiring additional land, encourage water reuse, and reduce costs and permitting hurdles associated with population growth in central Texas.
The document summarizes a study that monitored roadway runoff and developed design guidance for roadway BMPs. Field studies were conducted at six sub-basins near an intersection of I-80 and I-680 in Omaha, Nebraska. Water quality samples found metals, COD, TSS, and TDS to be major contaminants in runoff. Roadside vegetation was effective at reducing runoff. The existing detention basin provided some pollutant load reductions. Based on results, design guidance was created for BMPs like vegetated swales, bioretention cells, and sand filters to treat roadway runoff.
Flood and drought mitigation - Matt MachielseYourAlberta
Matt, Assistant Deputy Minister with Alberta Environment and Sustainable Resource Development presented at Alberta’s Watershed Management Symposium: Flood and Drought Mitigation. He explained key findings from the Government of Alberta’s flood mitigation engineering studies are presented, along with next steps for major flood mitigation projects.
TWCA Annual Convention: GCD's Role in Protection of Water Quality, Bill Dugat...TWCA
This document summarizes a presentation given at the 72nd Annual Texas Water Conservation Association Convention on the role of Groundwater Conservation Districts (GCDs) in protecting water quality. The presentation discussed GCDs' authority over water quality under Texas law, including rulemaking, permitting, and enforcement powers to prevent waste and pollution of groundwater. Case studies were presented on a GCD-led recharge project to improve water quality entering a cave system and on legal disputes between GCDs and regulators over uranium mining and landfill permitting.
This document provides an overview of regulations pertaining to resource restoration activities in Maryland under the Clean Water Act. It explains that the CWA regulates activities involving grading and earth moving in waters of the US, including projects like stream and wetland restoration. It discusses the permit application process through the US Army Corps of Engineers and Maryland Department of Environment, which requires identifying the limits of waters of the US and any required coordination with other agencies. The presentation aims to help understand the regulatory drivers and processes involved in planning restoration projects.
Society of Wetland Scientists Annual Meeting, The Role of Wetlands in Meeting Global Environmental Challenges: Linking Wetland Science, Policy, and Society
February 2022 TAGD Business Meeting
Study Results: Delineating Injection Well Buffer Zones in Brackish Aquifers
Juan Acevedo, BRACS Hydrologist, TWDB Jack Sharp, Professor Emeritus in Geology, UT- Austin
The document outlines plans to design a field-scale research facility to study the effects of sea level rise on freshwater bottomland hardwood forests. It discusses selecting a site location within an existing forested wetland and designing infrastructure like water control structures to manipulate water levels and mimic predicted tidal influences under sea level rise. The facility aims to provide data on vegetation, soil, and hydrologic responses to help improve models of how rising seas may impact ecosystem services provided by wetlands.
The document outlines plans to design a field-scale research facility to study the effects of sea level rise on freshwater bottomland hardwood forests. It discusses selecting a site location within an existing forested wetland and designing the facility to manipulate water levels and mimic predicted tidal influences from rising sea levels. Literature on site hydrology, tidal patterns, and previous mesocosm experiments is reviewed to inform the design. Methods, preliminary results of modeling water flows and site layout, and cost estimates are provided. The goal is to gain critical data on vegetation, soil, and hydrologic responses to help improve models of how ecosystem services may be impacted by climate change.
The document proposes developing a field-scale research facility to study the effects of sea level rise on freshwater bottomland hardwood forests. It outlines:
1. Taking a representative area of a freshwater tidal wetland and manipulating its water levels to gain data on ecosystem responses to sea level rise.
2. The facility will test the hypothesis that as sea levels rise and hydroperiods change, these wetlands will shift in type and previously non-tidal wetlands will become tidally influenced.
3. The objectives are to design water control structures, develop an operational plan, and produce a site plan for the research area located in a bottomland hardwood forest in South Carolina.
Watershed management along the Colorado River - Michael GabaldonYourAlberta
Michael is an Associate Vice-President with AECOM and a presenter at Alberta’s Watershed Management Symposium: Flood and Drought Mitigation. Using the Colorado River and recent flood events in the State of Colorado as backdrops, Michael talked about bringing diverse stakeholders together to create an effective total watershed management plan.
The document discusses updates to desired future conditions (DFCs) for major aquifers in Texas. DFCs are quantified conditions for groundwater resources like water levels at specified future times, set by groundwater management area representatives. New DFCs were proposed by May 2016 and districts are considering public input before voting to adopt them. The document outlines the DFC process, factors considered, appeals process, and status of DFC proposals. It notes nearly 500 proposed or adopted DFCs so far, with the most in GMA 8 and for the Glen Rose aquifer subdivision.
This document provides an overview of current issues in stormwater management. It discusses how increased stormwater runoff from development can negatively impact water quality and the environment by altering hydrology, increasing erosion, degrading habitats, and reducing water quality. It also reviews regulations around stormwater management, including the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permitting process, state and local regulations, and water quality standards. Finally, it discusses best management practices (BMPs) for erosion and sediment control during construction as well as post-construction stormwater management, including low impact development techniques and engineered structural practices.
This document outlines groundwater management strategies for municipal officials. It notes that while the region receives abundant precipitation, local overuse and water quality problems are still possible if left unmanaged. It then describes a model groundwater protection ordinance that has been adopted by several Dutchess County towns. The ordinance establishes development standards and best practices to safeguard both groundwater quantity and quality. These include regulating certain land uses, prohibiting new underground fuel tanks, guidance for cluster subdivisions, and more rigorous pumping test requirements. The model aims to preserve aquifer and stream flows while also addressing issues like pharmaceutical contamination and climate change impacts. Towns can adopt this law or planning boards can apply its guidance under the State Environmental Quality Review Act.
Stober, Trent, HDR, Inc., 2014 Missouri Water Quality Regulations and Beyond,...Kevin Perry
This document summarizes regulatory changes affecting Missouri water quality from 2014 to 2017, including new effluent regulations, water quality standards, and federal criteria for ammonia and bacteria. Key topics covered include Missouri's revised aquatic life framework, variances as a pathway for previous nutrient TMDLs, impacts of new federal ammonia criteria, and EPA's integrated planning approach to address stormwater and wastewater in a comprehensive manner.
This document provides an overview of stormwater effects on water quality and the environment. It discusses how increased stormwater runoff can negatively impact hydrology, geomorphology, habitat and water quality through increased flows, flooding, erosion, sedimentation, loss of riparian zones and more. It also summarizes key stormwater permitting requirements including the NPDES program and Maryland's Phase I, II and local regulations. Finally, it outlines various best management practices for erosion and sediment control as well as stormwater management including better site design techniques, bioretention, ponds, wetlands, and newer technologies.
This presentation discusses current issues in stormwater regulation. It provides an overview of how stormwater affects water quality and the environment through increased flows, flooding, erosion, habitat loss, and degraded water quality. It also summarizes the various regulations and permitting requirements related to stormwater, including the NPDES Phase I and II programs, state erosion and sediment control laws, and stormwater management laws. The presentation explains how these different permitting programs affect construction activities and stormwater management.
- The document provides an overview of stormwater management in Maryland, focusing on how the Clean Water Act regulates water resources and stormwater. It discusses how the Clean Water Act establishes permitting requirements for discharges and how Maryland has implemented stormwater management criteria.
- For new construction, stormwater management is achieved through compliance with Maryland's erosion and sediment control law and stormwater management act, which require stormwater pollution prevention plans and best management practices. For existing developed areas, stormwater management is achieved through municipal separate storm sewer system permits, which require retrofitting existing stormwater systems and treating a percentage of untreated impervious surfaces.
- Complying with stormwater management requirements presents challenges for many local jurisdictions. While some
This document provides an overview of Maryland water laws and regulations, stormwater management, and best management practices. It discusses four categories of effects from development on hydrology, geomorphology, habitat, and water quality. It describes regulatory definitions of waters, permitting criteria for impacts and regulated waters from various agencies, water quality standards, stormwater management criteria and practices, and the differences between erosion and sediment control and stormwater management.
This document discusses water conservation efforts in Castle Rock, Colorado. It covers education programs, regulations, rate structures, and customer assistance programs. Regarding regulations, it outlines landscape and irrigation requirements for new developments. It also discusses an individualized water rate structure that sets monthly water budgets based on property characteristics. While this approach provides customized targets, challenges include accurately determining indoor water use and irrigated property areas. Overall, the programs aim to guide customers towards more efficient water use.
This document summarizes a case study presentation on balancing wetland and stream preservation with stormwater management. It discusses avoiding impacts to habitat, state and federal regulations regarding surface waters, classification of state waters, water quality standards, best management practices, applying a hierarchy of stormwater preferences to site characteristics, proposed site-specific mitigation and BMPs, public and NGO involvement, additional water quality management practices, stream and water quality monitoring, historic bioassessment and temperature data, and lessons learned.
This document summarizes a case study balancing wetland and stream preservation with stormwater management. It describes evaluating a development site considering state and federal regulations. Best management practices were proposed including avoidance of impacts, buffers, infiltration, filtration, and a retention pond with wetlands. Additional mitigation included stream stabilization and water quality monitoring. Historic data on macroinvertebrates, dissolved oxygen, and temperature was reviewed to inform the management approach. Lessons learned included establishing coordinated public processes and regulations.
This document discusses the concept of "fair share" in the context of groundwater regulation in Texas. It explains that while landowners own groundwater in place, it is subject to regulation to ensure a fair allocation of the limited resource. Fair share does not necessarily mean equal allocation based on surface area, but considers factors like historic usage, future needs, and environmental impacts. The document outlines how groundwater conservation districts develop desired future conditions and then regulate pumping to achieve these conditions through rules that balance rights of existing and new users. The challenge is determining what constitutes a landowner's fair share of the groundwater from an aquifer in a way that prevents waste and protects private property rights.
Presented at 2013 joint scientific meeting of the Society of Wetland Scientists South Atlantic Chapter, Florida Association of Environmental Soil Scientists, and Southwest Chapter of the Florida Association of Environmental Professionals - Wetland Resources and Regulations in a Changing World: What Have We Learned?
This case study examines wastewater management planning challenges in Portsmouth, Rhode Island. The town relies entirely on septic systems but some areas have poor soils and high groundwater, causing failing systems. This contributed to contaminated stormwater runoff closing shellfish beds. The state environmental agency recommended sewers but townspeople opposed new infrastructure costs. Competing plans were developed and surveys found public opposition. A TMDL was issued to address pollution but the town did not commit to a solution. The state continued to support sewers while the town delayed decisions, seeking alternative options to address the public health and environmental problems.
Established in 1972 to restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nation's waters by preventing point and non-point pollution sources, providing assistance to publicly owned treatment works for the improvement of waste water treatment, and maintaining the integrity of wetlands.
The document discusses issues around produced water from energy development and opportunities for water reuse. It notes that produced water volumes can be significant, especially from unconventional sources like coal bed methane. While fracking uses a small percentage of total water, agricultural use is much larger. Produced water reuse projects could help address water shortages, but regulatory hurdles around water rights and discharge standards must be overcome. Treatment technologies are improving and customized approaches may enable wider reuse of produced water in the future.
The document discusses harmonizing data and conceptual models for the Kalahari Karoo / Stampriet Transboundary Aquifer system shared by Botswana, Namibia, and South Africa. It emphasizes developing common terminology for geological formations and groundwater classifications. Visualization tools like thematic maps, cross-sections, and diagrams are proposed to improve understanding of the aquifer system. A list of 20 proposed indicators for monitoring groundwater resources, legal/institutional frameworks, and human/ecosystem dependency are presented. National data will be collected and harmonized to develop a shared conceptual model and maps to support sustainable governance of the transboundary aquifer.
Irrigation with municipal waste water is a suitable disposal option in all regions where additional moisture can be effectively utilized for improved crop production. Waste water loading is to be based on the consumptive water use of the crop being grown. The primary objective should be enhancement of crop production. The root zone of productive soils can often serve as one of the most active media for the decomposition, immobilization, or utilization of wastes.
This presentation discusses groundwater management in Texas. It explains key concepts like groundwater management areas, joint planning, desired future conditions, and modeled available groundwater. Desired future conditions set quantified goals for future groundwater conditions and are determined through a process of joint planning between groundwater districts in a management area. Modeling tools are used to estimate the amount of groundwater that can be sustainably produced while achieving a desired future condition, known as modeled available groundwater. Districts are responsible for managing groundwater production so that desired future conditions are achieved over the long-term.
This document provides an overview of changing federal and state water regulations and how they affect construction projects. It discusses the Clean Water Act and defines Waters of the United States (WUS), explaining how the CWA regulates WUS at construction sites through Section 404 permitting. It also describes how Maryland regulations facilitate local ordinances and adds additional criteria beyond federal rules. The document summarizes key terms, permitting processes, and best management practices for complying with stormwater management requirements that integrate ecological and engineering standards to protect water resources.
Similar to Phosphorus Limits: Avoidance Tactics to Consider During Compliance Planning (20)
MSA is committed to providing clean water to communities across the country. Our water resources professionals are experts in wastewater, stormwater and potable water infrastructure but our commitment goes far beyond this. We genuinely care about quality water systems.
Whether it's for a new service area or for replacement of an existing water main, the process is the same. This start to finish presentation goes through the design, permitting, installation and construction of a water main.
Capital Improvement Plans (CIPs) can help a community effectively allocate limited resources, stabilize local tax rates and enable communities to leverage state and federal grant-in-aid programs. Download this presentation for tips on how to get started.
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Phosphorus Limits: Avoidance Tactics to Consider During Compliance Planning
1. AVOIDANCE TACTICS TO
CONSIDER DURING COMPLIANCE
ALTERNATIVES PLANNING
Greg Gunderson, P.E.
MSA Professional Services, Inc.
Wisconsin Rural Water Association
26th Annual Technical Conference
Green Bay, WI
March 27, 2014
PHOSPHORUS LIMITS
2. Presentation Overview
• What are we trying to “avoid”?
– Stringent Phosphorus Limits
– Compliance Schedules
– Treatment, Adaptive Management, Trading
• How can I avoid them?
– Find a way to have a different limit!
– Evaluate all options
• Summary/Questions
3. Phosphorus Rule
• Rule passed in December 2010
• Settlement of federal Clean Water Act lawsuit
– CWA set the basis for numeric nutrient criteria (NNC)
– 2007 EPA memo reaffirmed need for NNC
– Criteria developed by DNR w/ EPA guidance/approval
• Rule developed statewide numeric nutrient criteria for
water bodies
– Streams 75 mg/L
– Rivers – NR102 100 mg/L
– Lakes/Reservoirs 15-40 mg/L
– Great Lakes 5-7 mg/L
– Ephemeral streams, <5 acre lakes, and wetlands are
excluded
5. Phosphorus Rule
• Criteria used by DNR to set WQBELs
• Limits must also protect downstream waters
• Permit reissuance with WQBELs began in Fall 2011
• Internal and external pressure to DNR is speeding up the
reissuance process
• Permits reissued
– ~70% municipal with stringent limit
– ~50% industrial with stringent limit
6. Compliance Schedules
• Length of compliance schedules vary (3 – 15 years)
• Typical Schedule (First Permit Term)
– Year 0 Permit Term Begins
– Year 1 OER Due, Initiate CAP
– Year 2 CAP Status Update (including OER implementation)
– Year 3 Preliminary CAP Due
– Year 4 Final CAP
– Year 5 Start of Permit 2nd Permit Term
– Future schedule depends on direction for compliance
7. Treatment Technology
• Requires tertiary treatment
– Ballasted Clarification, MBR, Reactive Sand Filter, etc.
– Capital & Operational Costs
• 1 MGD plant
• Capital $6-8M
• 20-Year Present Value $10-12M
– Significant cost and what benefit?
• Most watersheds are non-point source dominated for
phosphorus
8. Adaptive Management & Trading
• Still complying with the stringent limit by relocating
responsibility to the watershed
• Watershed is dynamic environment
• If AM doesn’t work, then required to meet limit anyway
• Each municipality required to create and manage a new
compliance program
– Finding willing partners
– Barriers for land owners (privacy, trust, data)
– Coordinate multiple entities (land owners, County, etc.)
– Staff limitations
– Political will and fortitude
• Difficulty in quantifying barriers and risk
9. Avoidance Tactics
• Regionalization
• Alternative Discharge Location
• Total Maximum Daily Load Studies (TMDLs)
• Site Specific Criteria (SSC)
• Variances
– Economic
– Lagoon
– New Multi-Discharger Option
10. Regionalization
• Pump wastewater to another WWTF owned by a
different entity
• Fostered by DNR
• Potential pitfalls in user fee negotiation process
• Takes you out of the treatment plant business – Is that
good or bad?
• cost/risk threshold has changed – possibly cost-effective
• Examples
– 0.83 MGD 0.20 MGD
– 4.8 mi. forcemain 4.2 mi. forcemain
– $12,000,000 ($14/gal) $4,000,000 ($20/gal)
11. Alt. Discharge Locations
• Groundwater Discharge
– Direct discharge to groundwater
– Groundwater Standards NR140
• Total Nitrogen 10 mg/L
• Chloride 250 mg/L
– Competitive treatment costs, 10 mg/L TN vs. 0.1 mg/L TP
– Discharge Units – Seepage Cells, Drain Fields
– Land availability
– Treatment type and soil characterization/analysis
necessary to determine sizing and loading requirements
– Examples
• Drain Field Seepage Cells
• 0.068 MGD 0.312 MGD
• 2 acres 16 acres
12.
13.
14. Alt. Discharge Locations
• Wetland
– Discharge to a delineated wetland
• DNR Surface Water Viewer
• Different than constructed wetlands (discharge, not treatment)
– Wetlands specifically excluded water body from new
phosphorus rule
– HOWEVER – must consider downstream sources
– Effluent Limits calculation by DNR needed
15. Alt. Discharge Locations
• Spray Irrigation
– Irrigating crops
• e.g. grasses, corn, soybeans, hybrid poplars
– Only allowed during growing season – could require up to
nine months of storage
– Hydraulic & nutrient loading limitations
• Hydraulic – soils, groundwater, BOD
• Nutrient – nitrogen update based on cover crop. No current
regulations for phosphorus loading
– Monitoring wells
– Example
• 0.24 MGD
• Hybrid Poplars/Willows, 150-160 days/year
• Irrigation area = 31 acres
• Advantages - Existing lagoons, City-own property
• $1,300,000
16.
17.
18. Alt. Discharge Locations
• Indirect Discharge to Surface Water
– Subsurface discharge (e.g. seepage cell, drain field)
– Defined as a subsurface discharge that affects a nearby
surface water
– Surface Water Limits - likely no nitrogen limits
• May or may not have phosphorus limits
• limits effective at point of discharge to surface water
• Phosphorus removal due to soil interaction - filtration, adsorption,
biological update, etc.
– Site Characterization Study is necessary to determine
feasibility
• Proximity to surface water (wetland, stream, etc.)
• Horizontal & vertical flow gradients
• Soil analysis – type, conductivity, etc.
• Monitoring wells – pollutant fate and transport
• Depth to groundwater/bedrock
19. Alt. Discharge Locations
• Alternative Surface Water Discharge Location
– Proximity to larger stream/river section nearby
• Potentially more assimilative capacity available
• “Dilution is the solution to pollution!”
– Two Types
• New location on same water body
• Completely new water body – considered a “New Discharger”
– “New Discharger” only allowed to impaired water bodies in
certain cases (e.g. TMDL reserve allocation)
– Effluent limits request to DNR to determine applicability
• Identify multiple locations to be evaluated
• Beneficial to request monthly low flow statistics from USGS
• Requires significant time for DNR to determine limits at all locations
20. TMDLs
• What is it?
– Provision of the CWA – Section 303(d)
– Determines maximum pollutant load to meet water quality
standards
– Pollutant loadings given to each discharger
• Municipal/industrial wastewater
• Urban stormwater (MS4’s
• Runoff (Rural/agricultural and smaller municipalities)
• Reserve capacity
– Typically completed by state agency (DNR) or private
consultant. Must be approved by EPA.
– TMDLs in Wisconsin
• Major – Lake St. Croix, Rock River, Lower Fox
• In development – Milwaukee River, Wisconsin River
21. TMDLs
• How is this related to avoidance tactics?
– Key Points
• May “override” statewide NR102/217 criteria
• Allocation process typically leads to TMDLs relaxing the limits
• Each TMDL is different which leads to varying limits
– TMDL may help you avoid a stringent limit
• Reissued permit with TMDL in development
– Example – Wisconsin River
• Not expected to be complete until 2017
• Many dischargers in basin have new permits with stringent limits
– Compliance Schedule with annual planning milestones
– “Tiered” approach to planning
– TMDL limit is target for multi-discharger variance option
22. Site Specific Criteria
• Criteria of a specific waterbody may be changed based on
site specific study.
• Goal is to prove that the water body is healthy at a higher
criterion than specified in the rules.
• What would you study? Examples:
– Fish health/speciation
– Algae concentration
– Macroinvertebrate health/speciation
– D.O. levels and diurnal swings
– Turbidity
– Natural background phosphorus
23. Site Specific Criteria
• DNR Rules/Guidance
– NR102.06(7)
• “A criterion contained within this section may be modified by
rule for a specific surface water segment or waterbody. A site-
specific criterion may be adopted in place of the generally
applicable criteria in this section where site-specific data and
analysis using scientifically defensible methods and sound
scientific rationale demonstrate a different criterion is
protective of the designated use of the specific surface water
segment or waterbody.”
– DNR has recognized need to develop more detailed rules
– Vagueness leads to inconsistency, scrutiny, and challenges
in how it’s applied and what is acceptable
24. Site Specific Criteria
• DNR Rules/Guidance
– Current rules note that SSC are likely to be appropriate for
lakes/reservoirs
– Currently requires DNR is create a new rule for each
specific case
– DNR working to write new rule (NR119) and guidance
• Provides methodology, procedures, definition, and structure to
process
• Won’t require new rule for each case
• Likely will be a few years before in place
• Warning – SSC could make limit more stringent!
• Subject to EPA approval
25. Variances
• Variances are not “get out of jail free” cards
• Subject to EPA approval
• Variance not in perpetuity
• Variance to a less stringent/interim limit
• Types of Variances
– St. 283.15 – Economic Variance
– NR217.19 – Lagoon Variance
– St. 283.16 – Multi-Discharger Variance (proposed)
26. Economic Variance
• WI St. 283.15(4)(a)(1)(f)
– “Substantial and widespread adverse social and economic impacts”
– Impact adverse at 2% of MHI (1995 EPA Guidance Document)
– Applied for during permit application process
– Must reapply each permit term
• Analysis must consider all options (including AM/WQT)
• Variance to a limit that is affordable (likely TBL, 1 mg/L)
27. Economic Variance
• How much is 2%?
• WI average MHI = $52,374 (2010 census)
– 2% = $1,047/year or $87/month
• 2013 MSA Sewer User Charge Survey
– State average at 1% of MHI ($44/month)
– <5% over 2% MHI
– <20% over 1.5% MHI
29. Lagoon Variance
• NR217.19
– Assumes treatment is too costly
– Simplified application procedure (DNR form)
– Equation used to calculate cost
– Not applicable to new dischargers
• Key Points to Consider
– Variance limit (p99, but likely TBL)
– Need to evaluate affordability of AM/WQT
– Complete source reduction and optimization
– EPA Approval
– Must be reapplied for each permit term
– Advisable to complete treatment evaluation anyway
30. Multi-Discharger Variance
• SB547 “Clean Waters, Healthy Economy Act”
– NR283.16 – Multi-Discharger Variance
– NR283.13 – AM compliance schedule increased to 20 years
• Multi-Discharger Variance
– DOA/DNR determines statewide economic feasibility
– Permitees can apply for variance from WQBEL if “major facility
upgrade” economically infeasible.
– Variance applicable for 20 years from effective date of bill
31. Multi-Discharger Variance
• Multi-Discharger Variance
– Interim limits that become progressively more stringent
– Permitee responsible for further phosphorus reductions to offset
difference in interim and a target limit
– Permitee responsible for meeting WQBEL at the end of 20 years
– Modeled after other EPA-Approved Rules
• Montana (Phosphorus) and Wisconsin (Chlorides)
32. Multi-Discharger Variance
• Statewide Economic Feasibility Determination
– Completed by DOA with technical support from DNR
– Prelim. determination due 240 days (8 mo.) after effect date of bill
– DOA/DNR will revisit determination again in 2024 and subsequently
every three years during Water Quality Standards review
• Determine if new affordable technology is available to meet criteria and/or
• A more stringent limit is needed than the current interim limit
• May determine certain categories of point sources can meet limit
33. Multi-Discharger Variance
• Interim Limits
– First Term – no change in current limit
– Second Term – 0.8 mg/L
– Third Term – 0.6 mg/L
– Fourth Term – 0.5 mg/L
• Interim limits subject to change based on DOA/DNR review
• Limits could be higher if major facility upgrade needed
– Can’t be higher than “best available demonstrated control
technology” per st. 283.11
– Likely have to meet TBL of 1.0 mg/L and install chemical feed
34. Multi-Discharger Variance
• Further Phosphorus Reductions
– Responsible for total pounds down to a target limit
– Target Limit is 0.2 mg/L or TMDL-based limit
• Two Options
– Trading Scenario
• Develop plan and construct non-point BMP’s
• Completed by Permittee or contracted entity
• Trades are 1:1
• Improvements must be to accepted standards
• Annual reporting required to DNR
– “Fee-in-Lieu” Scenario
• Permittee pays $50/lb to County to implement projects
• Fee cap of $640,000/year
35. Multi-Discharger Variance
• “Fee-in-Lieu” Scenario
– Fee starts and $50/lb and tied to Consumer Price Index
– Fees distributed to counties within Permittee’s HUC-8
– County payments used to implement BMP’s (model & construct)
– >65% towards cost share to implement non-point BMP’s
– County must submit annual report to DNR, DTCAP, and Permitee
– Report subject to review and approval by DNR
36. Multi-Discharger Variance
– 0.83 MGD Facility, 20 Year Present Worth
• Tertiary Filtration with Pump Station
– Capital Cost $3,840,000
– Annual O&M $140,000
– 20-Year Present Value $5,400,000
• Delay Upgrade, Pay Fee
– Annual Fee $55,000
– Capital Cost (delayed 20 years) $1,630,000
– 20-Year PV $2,300,000
38. Multi-Discharger Variance
– Current State of Bill
• On Governor’s Desk (scheduled 4/23 signing)
• EPA Approval Pending
• EPA/DNR negotiation with companion legislation
• Probably a year away from implementation