Social and Emotional problems of adolescence is an issue of international concern. the degree and types of problems may vary from nations to nations considering various factors of that country. but in general, developing minds go through a similar process and we can find the similarity of problems across the nations.

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2. Problems related with various aspects:
Social and Emotional

3. • Children’s social and emotional health affects their overall
development and learning.
• Children who exhibit social and emotional difficulties tend to
have trouble following directions and participating in learning
activities.
• Children’s social and emotional health is just as important as
their physical health, and affects their capacity to develop and
potential to lead a fulfilling life.

4. Social Health
Social Health involves one’s ability to form satisfying interpersonal
relationships with others. It also relates to the ability to adapt comfortably
to different social situations and act appropriately in a variety of settings.

5. Problems related with Social aspects
There are a number of social issues facing teens today that other
generations didn't deal with. Advances in technology and the rise of
social media have contributed to a change in the ways in which our
young people interact with each other, learn and receiving
information.

6. Bullying and Ragging in Schools and Colleges
Bullying of children in schools and ragging by seniors in colleges are
perhaps every freshman’s nightmare. Modern times have allowed the
spread of bullying to expand beyond what it used to in the past. The
rise of social media use by teens, which has made bullying much more
public and more pervasive. In fact, cyberbullying has replaced bullying
as the common type of harassment that teens experience.

7. Materialism
Children now are tending to be more affectionate towards
lifeless dolls and birthday gifts. The more value the item, the
more care is given to it. It promote brand culture which has
become a social problem that the society respects you with the
things you own based on monetary aspect. One of the biggest
reasons youngsters fall to materialism is due to the expectations
of the society.

8. Drugs and Alcohol use
Underage drinking and use of illegal drugs remains a problem for
teens today. Unfortunately, teens often underestimate how easy it is to
develop an addiction. And they don't understand the risks associated
with overdosing. Impaired decision making happens when under the
influence of illicit substances, which can lead to accidents or to other
costly mistakes.

9. Divorced parents
Splitting up of one’s parents is a traumatic experience for every child.
Divorce causes a psychological unrest for the youngster and no
matter who the youngster lives with, nothing can replace the
experience of living in a loving happy family. A lot of youngsters
enter into depression due to such conditions at home.

10. Lack of Sex Education
There is an ardent need of Sex Education for the youth all over the
world. The basic aim of Sex Education is to educate children
about their gender identity, physical changes that they undergo,
sexual abuse, birth control, prevention of AIDs and STDs. It is not
just about the physical act. It is essential that children are aware of
these topics so that they are in a position to understand the way
their body works and live in perfect harmony with their body and
soul.

11. Premature Sex
A lot of teenagers start developing curiosity about sex due to
hormonal changes. Since Sex education is low in most of the
countries, out of this curiosity, some of them indulge in premature
sex. Researches have shown that having sex in adolescence can have
serious consequences on body and mind, this is because the act takes
place when the nervous system is still developing. The effect may not
be immediate but once the individual reaches adulthood, he/she can
experience health issues.

12. Teenage Pregnancy
Teenage pregnancy is a global problem and is more likely to
occur in marginalised communities, commonly driven by
poverty, lack of education and employment opportunities. It
remains a major contributor to maternal and child mortality,
and intergenerational cycles of ill-health and poverty.
In 2017, an estimate of 11.8 million teenage pregnancies
occurred in India. According to the National Family Health
Survey 4 (NFHS 4), 7.9% of women aged 15-19 years, were
already mothers or pregnant at the time of the survey, with the
prevalence higher in rural areas (9.2%) compared to urban
areas (5%).

13. Unhealthy Lifestyle and Obesity
Nowadays the lifestyle of youngsters had become quiet
unhealthy. With the hustle and bustle of the job, many parents
were unable to watch the eating habits of their children.
Sometimes parents also promote junk or frozen foods which may
be satisfying to the taste buds. Eating junk food while watching
T.V, little physical exercise may results in obesity which is the
cause of many diseases.

14. Social Media and On Screen Violence
Social media can be problematic for many reasons. For instance,
social media can expose your teen to cyberbullying, body shaming,
slut-shaming etc. Social media can have a negative impact on
friendships. Many seek revenge on silly matters on social media. It
may also be used to promote violence.
Teenagers are going to witness some violent media at one time or
another. It may not be on just TV, music, and movies. Many of today's
violent video games portray gory scenes and disturbing acts of
aggression. Studies show that watching violence may result in lack of
empathy and even aggressive behaviour among children.

15. Emotional Health
Emotional Health is about how we think and feel. It is about our
sense of wellbeing, our ability to cope with life events and how
we acknowledge our own emotions as well as those of others. It
doesn’t mean being happy all of the time.

16. Problems related with Emotional aspects
Emotional problems in children can affect their relationships with
others, their behaviour and their mood. These problems harm
children’s development in several ways. These problems appear
when negative emotions have an unreasonable impact on the child’s
life. Emotional problems in children can be very bad for their
physical and psychological well-being.

17. Depression
Depression can be caused by several factors. It greatly
alters children’s behaviour and mood, as well as their
school performance, their response to external stimuli
and their relationships with others. Depression often
occurs in children under stress, experiencing loss, or
having attentional, learning, conduct or anxiety
disorders and other chronic physical ailments.

18. Anxiety
When children do not outgrow the fears and worries that
are typical in young children, or when there are so many
fears and worries that they interfere with school, home, or
play activities, the child may be diagnosed with an anxiety
disorder.
Feeling very afraid when parents are away- separation
anxiety, fear of things or situations- phobias, afraid of
school and other places- social anxiety, worried about
future and other bad things- general anxiety.

19. Intolerance to Frustration
This makes it impossible to accept rules, norms or situations
that aren’t convenient for them. It is usually expressed
through anger and aggressive behaviour.

20. Lack of Empathy
In these cases, children aren’t able to recognize other
people’s emotions. Therefore, they don’t notice if someone
is sad, happy or angry. Also, they are unable to understand
why they feel this way.

21. Phobias
Phobias are excessive fears about something which are
marked by symptoms such as dizziness, nausea, and
breathlessness. Some phobias can also be related to
everyday things. They cause great complications that affect
the child’s mental stability and social life.
Acrophobia - Fear of heights, Agoraphobia - Fear of open
spaces or crowds, Arachnophobia - Fear of spiders,
Astraphobia - Fear of thunder and lightning.

22. Panic Disorder
Panic Disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by
unexpected and repeated episodes of intense fear accompanied
by physical symptoms that may include chest pain, heart
palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness, or abdominal
distress.

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