Science

1. Name:
Muhammad Asad Ali
16
Course title:
Tropical and sub-tropical fruits
Course code:
HORT-302
Presentation topic:
Production technology of Jamun
Submitted to:
Prof. Dr. Sajjad Hussain

2. Botanical name:
• Syzygium cumini
Family:
• Myrtaceae
Jamun

3.  It is originated from India
 At present Jamun producing countries are southern Asian countries
and east Africa.
 Grown Commercially these days Caribbean, South America and US.

4.  Medium-sized evergreen tree
 Height: 30 meters
1. Leave
 Opposite, simple and oblong, with glossy dark surface
and a lighter green underside
 5-10cm length and 2-4 cm wide
 Margin slightly wavy
2. Flower
 Small, fragrant and white or greenish white
 Bloom in clusters on branches and twigs
 5mm in diameter
 4 or 5 petal oval in shape

5. 3.Fruit
 Fleshy berry
 Oblong and ovoid in shape
 2-4 cm in length
 Smooth, purple to blackish skin
 Pink to reddish pulp
 Pulp contains flattened seeds
 Fruit is harvested when fully ripe
 Eaten fresh or use to make jams, jellies
and beverages

6. Tree :
 Hardy tree
 Grow in clay loam and sandy soil
 Prefer well drain soil and can tolerate drought
and high temperature

7. Jamun trees can be propagated by several methods, including seed
propagation, vegetative propagation, and air layering.
Seed propagation:
 Jamun seeds can be sown directly in the ground or in pots.
 The seeds should be collected from fully ripe fruits and cleaned of any pulp.
 They should be soaked in water for a day or two before sowing.
 The seeds will germinate within 2-3 weeks, and the seedlings can be
transplanted to their final location when they are 6-12 months old.

9. Vegetative propagation:
 Jamun can also be propagated by vegetative means such as stem cuttings or
grafting.
 Stem cuttings are taken from mature trees and planted in soil or a rooting
medium.
 The cuttings should be about 10-15 cm long and should have at least three
nodes.
 The cuttings should be planted in a well-draining soil mix and kept moist
until they develop roots.
 Grafting involves attaching a scion from a desired cultivar onto a rootstock of
a compatible jamun tree.

11. Air layering:
 Air layering is a method of propagation that involves inducing roots to form
on a stem while it is still attached to the parent plant.
 This is done by wounding the stem, wrapping it in moist sphagnum moss or
a rooting medium, and covering it with plastic.
 Roots will form in the moss or rooting medium, and the stem can be cut off
and planted as a new tree once the roots have formed.

13. Soil:
Sensitive to water-logging
It grow best on well
drained soil and can
withstand pH 5.5 to 7.5.
Climate:
Warm and humid
20-35°C
Tolerate up to 45°C
Sensitive to frost below 10°C

14. When to apply:
 During warm weather, water
guavas two to three times per month.
 April-June months are the critical
period, so irrigate tree regularly.
 Fully bearing trees require watering
during April to June at 2 weeks
intervals for getting good quality
fruit and to protect from fruit drop.
 Irrigation during winter is more
effective to protect from fruit drop.
How much to apply:
 At initial stages supply 2 liters water
daily to root zone during dry condition.
 During winters apply waters at
interval of a week.
 For mature trees, water requirement
increases.

15. Irrigation in guava orchard is done by many methods like;
 Flood irrigation
 Drip irrigation
 Sprinkle irrigation
 Basin irrigation

16. When to apply:
 Young trees February, May and
September
 Mature tree Fab-March, June-
July and September –October.
How much to apply:
 NPK ratio 10:10:10 and 12:12:12
 Also contain micronutrients
 For young trees 100-200g per tree
per year.
 Mature tree 1-2kg per tree per year.
 For provide micronutrients compost
and manure is used.

17. • Effective way
• Two or more crops in same
field same time
• Legumes: cowpea and pigeon
• Spices: turmeric and ginger
• Vegetables: okra and bitter
ground

18. Site selection: Plenty of sunlight and well drained soil
Land Clearing: Clear the site of weeds, rocks and debris
Soil preparation:
Till the soil to depth at least 30cm and incorporate organic matter
Planting time:
 Rainy season
 June-July
 Soil moisture high
 Avoid planting during periods or drought or extreme heat

19. Plant to plant distance:
 The plants are usually planted at a distance of 6-8 meters.
Row to row distance:
 Usually a spacing of 8-10 meters is followed.
Planting method:
 Dig a hole twice as wide and deep
 Place the soil and make sure roots to prevent air pockets
Mulching:
 Around the base of tree to retain soil moisture and suppress weed growth

20. Some commercial guava varieties are:
 Krishna
 Jambolan
 Chhindwara
 Seedless
 Kalipatti
 Kala Amritsari

21. Krishna:
 This is a popular variety of jamun that is grown in
India.
 The fruit is large, with a dark purple-black skin and
a sweet, juicy pulp.
Jambolan:
 Also known as Java plum
 variety of jamun is grown in Southeast Asia and
South America.
 The fruit is round or oval in shape, with a shiny,
dark purple-black skin and a slightly tart flavor.

22. Seedless:
 As the name suggests, this variety of jamun has no
seeds.
 It is popular in India and is usually eaten fresh or
used to make jams and jellies.

23. SR.no. Countries Total Yield ( metric ton) produced
1 India 1775400
2 Bangladesh 202780
3 Indonesia 70000
4 Myanmar 53316
5 Thailand 25272
6 Nepal 14155
7 Sri Lanka 12325
8 Pakistan 10600
9 Malaysia 4869
10 Philippines 4441

24. Years Production (metric tons)
2015 9800
2016 11800
2017 12000
2018 13000
2019 13500

25.  The yield can be about 4-6 tons per acre of land.
 For young tree 1-2tons per acre after establishment

26.  Antioxident properties which reduce the risk of Cancer and heart diseases.
 Anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial properties
 Good Source of Vitamin, minerals including Vitamin C,A , Iron , K, Ca etc.
 Low in Calories
 High in dietary fiber