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- 1. Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore Synchronization and ATS at Smart Grid Group No: 34 Project Advisor: Dr. Sohail Aftab Qureshi Undergraduate Final Year Project Presentation Dated: 5th April, 2018
- 2. Team Introduction Hira Mahmood(Team Leader) 2014-EE-157 Specialization: Power Undergraduate Final Year Project Presentation Dated: 5th April, 2018 Sana Amer 2014-EE-160 Specialization: Power Sumbal Mehmood 2014-EE-161 Specialization: Power Ahmed Khan 2014-EE-185 Specialization: Power
- 3. Problem Statement • As Load shedding is very high in our country, we do not want our supply to be interrupted every time when power outage occurs. In general, when WAPDA supply goes off their is an interruption in the supply and after a specific interval of time, the generator starts working. • However we want to have an uninterrupted supply even when the WAPDA supply is available or not. Undergraduate Final Year Project Presentation Dated: 5th April, 2018
- 4. Proposed Solution ATS Synchronization approach is implemented in this project. • Using automatic transfer switch ATS, a seamless transition between two sources is obtained to ensure continuous electrical supply to avoid blackouts. • According to load demand the utility grid and genset are synchronized through module and hence uninterrupted supply is available to the load. Undergraduate Final Year Project Presentation Dated: 5th April, 2018
- 5. Automatic Transfer Switch An automatic transfer switch (ATS) is an electrical switch that switches a load between two sources. • A transfer switch in general seeks to simplify and provide safety when making use of a generator [1]. • The transfer switch diverts power from your utility to your generator quickly and easily. Undergraduate Final Year Project Presentation Dated: 5th April, 2018
- 6. • In the case of a manual switch, this is done, of course, manually through a lever or similar device. • But in the case of an automatic switch, the entire process occurs instantly, providing you generator power in the split of a second in the event of an outage. Undergraduate Final Year Project Presentation Dated: 5th April, 2018
- 7. Synchronization For a generator to be synchronized with grid following conditions are checked. • Voltage Magnitude • Frequency • Phase Angle • Phase Sequence Undergraduate Final Year Project Presentation Dated: 5th April, 2018
- 8. Now the question is why synchronization is needed. The answer is • When a single load is more than the capacity of feeding Genset either during running or during starting. • When load has to be transferred from one Genset to other without interruption. Undergraduate Final Year Project Presentation Dated: 5th April, 2018
- 9. Soft Loading A Soft Load is a type of closed transition in which the switch synchronizes the two power sources and then makes connects them in parallel so that an uninterrupted supply of power can be generated for the sensitive or critical loads [2]. Undergraduate Final Year Project Presentation Dated: 5th April, 2018
- 10. Block Diagram Undergraduate Final Year Project Presentation Dated: 5th April, 2018 Control Signals
- 11. Basic Components • Current Transformers • Miniature Circuit Breaker(MCBs) • Molded Case Circuit Breaker(MCCBs) • Magnetic Contactors • Synchronization module-GC-400(mains) Undergraduate Final Year Project Presentation Dated: 5th April, 2018
- 12. Current Transformers • Level transformation • Metering CTs-to monitor current provided to load • 1 CT with main power source • 3 CTs with the alternative source i.e. generator Undergraduate Final Year Project Presentation Dated: 5th April, 2018
- 13. MCCB • Protects during abnormal working of the Power circuit (high power requirement) • Operate as automatic switch that opens in case of high current flow • Adjustable tripping characteristics Undergraduate Final Year Project Presentation Dated: 5th April, 2018
- 14. MCB • Provide protection during abnormal working of the control circuit (low power requirement) • operates as switch that opens in the event of excessive current flow once the circuit returns to normal, it can be reclosed automatically. • Non-adjustable tripping characteristics Undergraduate Final Year Project Presentation Dated: 5th April, 2018
- 15. Magnetic Contactor • Electrically controlled switch used for switching more than 15 A • Similar to a relay except with high current ratings • Control and suppress arc produced when interrupting heavy current Undergraduate Final Year Project Presentation Dated: 5th April, 2018
- 16. Synchronization Module • Synchronization module-GC-400 mains • Used for synchronization of the main power source and alternative source • To provide an un-interrupted power supply Undergraduate Final Year Project Presentation Dated: 5th April, 2018
- 17. Flow Diagram Undergraduate Final Year Project Presentation Dated: 5th April, 2018 Incoming from WAPDA 24 V DC Charger Incoming from Generator MCCB MCB CT CT MODULE Magnetic Contactor Magnetic Contactor CT Load 3x CT 1x CT 3x MCB 3x MCB 3x CT MCCBMCB
- 18. • Two incoming terminals are provided one for the mains and the other for the emergency source. • A 24 V DC Charger is also provided to energize the ATS and load sharing module. • The current transformers scale the large value current to small, standardized value of 5 A. Undergraduate Final Year Project Presentation Dated: 5th April, 2018
- 19. • The CTs and MCCBs are used in power circuit whereas the MCBs are used to send control signals to the module. • The module further controls the magnetic contactors such that the load is supplied by either of the two sources or by synchronism of the two sources if demand increases. Undergraduate Final Year Project Presentation Dated: 5th April, 2018
- 20. Transfer sequence steps • A short while before normal power source fails; the genset is synchronized with the main power supply. • When the main power source fails the transfer switch breaks its connection to the mains and shifts the electrical load to the genset. Undergraduate Final Year Project Presentation Dated: 5th April, 2018
- 21. • When main power is restored, the transfer switch returns the load from the generator to the normal one. • In this way any blackout or power interruption to the load is avoided. Undergraduate Final Year Project Presentation Dated: 5th April, 2018
- 22. What we have done so far? So far we are done with • Power circuit of hardware • Wiring of control circuit • Working on module Programming Undergraduate Final Year Project Presentation Dated: 5th April, 2018
- 23. Hardware Developed Undergraduate Final Year Project Presentation Dated: 5th April, 2018
- 24. Applications Un-interruptible Power Supply • Power blackout protection • No hindrance Shift to Automation • Manual to Automatic • Reliability Undergraduate Final Year Project Presentation Dated: 5th April, 2018
- 25. Applications Load-Sharing Function • Managing Heavy Loads • Optimizing Voltage Accident Avoiding System • Less chances of damage • Avoiding Damages Due To Manual Operation Undergraduate Final Year Project Presentation Dated: 5th April, 2018
- 26. Applications Seamless transition between two sources • Smooth flow of Power • No Sparking. Undergraduate Final Year Project Presentation Dated: 5th April, 2018
- 27. Future Deliverables • Remote Management of Power Events • Control through mobile phone Undergraduate Final Year Project Presentation Dated: 5th April, 2018
- 28. Gantt Chart Undergraduate Final Year Project Presentation Dated: 5th April, 2018 3/28/2018 4/25/2018 11 16 REMOTE MANAGMET CONTROL THROUGH MOBILE PHONE Gantt Chart
- 29. References • [1]"Eaton's automatic transfer switch line for emergency power", Eaton.com, 2018. [Online]. Available: http://www.eaton.com/Eaton/ProductsServices/Electric al/ProductsandServices/ElectricalDistribution/ANSINE MAPowerDistributionandControlSystems/ATS/index.h tm. [Accessed: 31- Mar- 2018] Undergraduate Final Year Project Presentation Dated: 5th April, 2018
- 30. References Undergraduate Final Year Project Presentation Dated: 5th April, 2018 • [2]"Soft Loading Transfer Switch", Electrical engineering Community, 2018. [Online]. Available: http://engineering.electrical- equipment.org/panel-building/soft-loading- transfer-switch.html. [Accessed: 31- Mar- 2018].