2. OCCUPATIO
N
• An occupation refers
to a job or trade
that a person
engages in to earn a
living. It is a
broad term that
encompasses various
types of work,
ranging from manual
labour to white-
collar jobs.
• Occupations are
typically
characterized by the
level of skill
required to perform
the job, the nature
of the work, and
level of education
and training needed
to qualify for the
job.
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND
4. PROFESSIO
N
• A profession is a
specialized
occupation that
requires advanced
knowledge,
education, and
training in a
particular field.
• It is a career that
demands a high level
of expertise,
ethical standards,
and a commitment to
serving the public
interest.
• Professions are
typically regulated
by professional
bodies or
associations that
set standards for
education, training,
and ethical conduct.
6. OCCUPATION
VS
PROFESSION
OCCUPATION PROFESSION
It encompasses all jobs. It is a subset of
occupation, e.g.,
engineering is both an
occupation and a profession.
Requires basic skills and
knowledge.
Requires advanced knowledge
and specialized skills.
May not require formal
education or training.
Requires formal education
and training. For example,
engineering, law, and
medicine require a minimum
of a bachelor's degree.
May not be regulated by a
professional body.
Regulated by a professional
body:
1. Engineering – Engineer’s
Board of Kenya (EBK),
Institution of Engineers
of Kenya (IEK)
2. Law – Law Society of
Kenya (LSK)
3. Teaching – Teacher’s
Service Commission (TSC)
4. Medicine – Kenya Medical
Practitioners and Dentist
7. OCCUPATION
VS
PROFESSION
CONT’D
OCCUPATION PROFESSION
May not require a license
or certification.
Requires a license or
certification.
May not have a code of
ethics.
Has a code of ethics, e.g.,
there are codes of conduct
and ethics for engineers,
for teachers, for lawyers,
for doctors, etc.
Here, the job is often
performed under
supervision.
The professional member have
the autonomy in decision
making and their practice.
Income may range from
extreme lows depending on
the occupation.
Owing to the high level of
specialization required, it
often offers a relatively
high income.
8. THE
ENGINEERS
ACT
PART VI –
PROVISIONS
RELATING TO
OFFENCES AND
PENALTIES
51. Practicing
without license
“A person who
engages in practice
of engineering or
charges a
professional fee
without a valid
license issued by
the Board commits
an offence and
shall be liable on
conviction to a
fine not exceeding
two million
shillings or to
imprisonment for a
term not exceeding
five years, or
both.”
9. BRIAN
MWENDA
NJAGI
CASE
REVIEW
• Arraigned on 18th
October 2023 in a
Nairobi court.
• Charged with six
counts.
• Charged firstly with
intent to deceive,
knowingly and
fraudulently making a
false document namely
a certificate of
admission to practice
as an advocate of the
High Court.
• Fraudulently and
dishonestly used
Brian Mwenda Ntwiga’s
Advocates Admission
to access and use his
LSK online advocates
account by purporting
to be him.
• This is a study case of the
legal repercussions that may
result in case of violations in
a profession.
10. JAMES
MUGO
NDICHU
CASE
REVIEW
• Alias “Dr Mugo
Wairimu”.
• Was sentenced to
29 years in jail
in 2022.
Convicted with
unlawfully
administering
drugs to patients
at his clinic in
2015 and raping
them.
• As of 2022, he
was already
serving 11 years
in jail for
operating
unlicenced
medical
facilities.
