2. Pap Test
Constantin
Carathéodory
A new concept Rotary
Engine
BETA CAE
3. SAMPLE OF GREEK INNOVATORS
OF THE RECENT PAST
Nikolaos Papanikolaou – test Pap
Konstantin Caratheodory –the
prominent mathematician
4. The test was invented by and named after the
prominent Greek doctor Georgios Papanikolaou who started
his research in 1923.
A Pap smear (also called a Pap test) is a screening procedure for
cervical cancer. It tests for the presence of precancerous or
cancerous cells on the cervix, the opening of the uterus. During
the procedure, cells from your cervix are gently scraped away
to enable examination of these cells microscopically for
detection of cancerous or precancerous lesions.
The mainstay of cervical cancer screening for the last 60+ years
has been the Papanicolaou test. It was developed in the 1940s
by Georgios Papanikolaou.
The pap test
5. Worldwide, approximately 500,000 new cases of cervical cancer
and 274,000 deaths are attributable to cervical cancer yearly,
making cervical cancer the second most common cause of death
from cancer in women. Fortunately, the incidence of cervical
cancer has decreased by more than 50% in the past 30+ years,
largely due to the increasing use of cervical cancer screening
with cervical cytology.
the pap test
7. Although worldwide cervical cancer rates have
decreased dramatically with the increase in screening
efforts, incidence and prevalence in developing
countries remains high due to lack of screening
programs, with approximately 80% of all cervical cancer
deaths occurring in the developing world.
the pap test
8. Constantin Carathéodory (13 September 1873 – 2
February 1950) was a Greek mathematician who spent
most of his professional career in Germany.
He made significant contributions to the theory of
functions of a real variable, the calculus of variations,
and measure theory.
His work also includes important results in conformal
representations and in the theory of boundary
correspondence.
In 1909, Carathéodory pioneered the Axiomatic
Formulation of Thermodynamics along a purely
geometrical approach.
Constantin Caratheodory
9. His academic career includes professorships on Mathematics at
the GERMAN universities of Bonn, Hannover, Breslan,
Gottingen, Berlin and Munich.
This way he is distinguished as a prominent mathematician at a
global level. In 1920, Caratheodory, hired by Eleftherios
Venizelos, takes on responsibility for organizing the newly-
founded Ionian university of Smyrna, as well as the universities
of Athens and Thessaloniki. He was the one who achieved to save
the university Library After the Destruction of Smyrna in 1922,
transferring everything with him to the university of Athens.
Constantin Caratheodory
10. Between the years 1922 and 1924 he becomes a professor of
Mathematics and Engineering at the National Technological
University of Athens (NTUA) or National Metsovion
Polytechnic, as it is known in Greece. In 1924 he permanently
settles down to Munich but he returns to Greece in 1930 to
contribute to the reorganization of the universities of Athens
and Thessaloniki.
He made important contributions to the theory of real functions,
conformal representations, calculus of variations and to the
theory of point set measure, as well as to Thermodynamics,
Geometry, Astronomy and Einstein’s relativity theory.
Constantin Caratheodory
12. It should be noted that there was a close scientific cooperation and
mutual appreciation between Konstantinos Karatheodoris and Albert
Einstein, as the former is considered a teacher for the later.
It is insignifant that Karatheodoris is not as well-known in the public as
Einstein. It is a fact that the supreme Greek mathematician was proved
of considerable help for Einstein concerning the mathematical
knowledge background of the relativity theory. Einstein was a leading
physicist, but not a mathematician. That was why he relied to a certain
extent upon the maths gift of Karatheodoris. Physics needs to be
expressed through the Mathematical language.
Constantin Caratheodory
13. The actual cooperation of the two men is clearly shown by a
letter sent by Einstein to the Greek professor most probably in
1916 in which he states :
“Dear colleague,
I find your derivation wonderful. You should publish the theory
in this new form in the Annals of Physics, since the Physicists do not
normally know anything about this subject as was also the case with
me.
With my letter I must have come across to you like a Berliner who
had just discovered Crunewald and wondered whether people were
already living there.
Constantin Caratheodory
14. If you wouldn’t mind also making the effort to present to
me the canonical transformations, you will find in me a
grateful and attentive audience. If you ,however, answer the
question about the closed time trajectories, I will appear
before you with my hands folded. The underlying truth,
though, is well worth some perspiration”
Constantin Caratheodory
15. Albert Einstein, in his last interview given in 1955, he had stated
referring to his teacher that he was asked about thousands of
things, but not about who his teacher was, or who showed him
the way to higher mathematics both in terms of thought and
research.
He said characteristically that his great teacher was the
incomparable Greek Konstantinos Karatheodoris to whom
himself personally and the mathscience, the physics and the
wisdom of our century owe everything.
Constantin Caratheodory
17. SAMPLE OF GREEK INNOVATORS OF
TODAY AND TOMORROW
A Greek Engineering Software Company
A new concept Rotary Engine
18.
19. The Company
• BETA CAE Systems S.A. is a Greek Engineering
Company that offers software solutions in the
advanced Computer Aided Engineering field of
today’s product development in various high tech
industries.
20. • BETA CAE Systems S.A. (headquartered in Kato
Scholari, Thessaloniki, Greece), specialized in the
development of state of the art CAE pre- and
post-processing software systems.
• Their pre-processor ANSA and post-processor
µETA have become the leaders in Europe, USA
and Asia.
21. Some of the fields where these products
are giving solutions:
• Aerospace, Automotive, Biomechanics,
Constructions, Defense, Electronics, Energy,
Heavy Machinery, Industrial Equipment and
Robotics, Maritime Design, Motorsports
(Racing Industry), Offshore Structures, Power
tools, Processes Engineering, Rail Vehicles,
Trucks and Buses
25. Design of weight efficient ships and behavior of
vessels on different types of waves
26. In the motorsports industry, the details are
crucial in teams’ efforts to overtake the
competition…
27. • BETA CAE Systems S.A. was established in 1999.
• Today employs approximately 250 people (mainly
electrical and mechanical engineers, computer
scientists, mathematicians, physicists), in three
divisions: administration, R&D and Customers
Service.
• BETA CAE Systems S.A. distributes its products
directly and through a network of about 12
independent business agents world wide.
• Two subsidiaries of the company were announced
in 2014: BETA CAE Nordic AB, in Gothenburg,
Sweden and BETA CAE Italy Srl, in Turin, Italy.
29. • The company premises now expanded to
approximately 10,000 square meters and
include spacious offices, a modern conference
center for 250 people, recreation areas,
restaurant, fitness center, etc.
• In 2001 the company's turnover amounted to
approximately 3 million euros, while 2015
ended close to 35 million euros.
Some Numbers
30. • Currently it has a dense network of
distributors throughout Europe, the USA,
Brazil, India, China, Japan, Korea and Turkey,
while from the beginning of November signed
a similar cooperation also in Iran.
31. • The technological applications and services of
BETA CAE Systems S.A. are used by more than
a thousand customers, all of them abroad.
• It has installed more than four thousand
licenses of programs.
• Many of its clients are global giants in their
field (e.g. NASA, BMW, Mercedes, Rolls Royce,
Formula 1 groups).
32. A new concept Rotary Engine
From:
Savvas Savvakis
Dr Mechanical Engineer
Founder, Project leader & team coordinator,
responsible for the R&D team
33. Differences and Challenges
• The rotary engine has far fewer moving parts than
a comparable four-stroke piston engine.
• A two-rotor rotary engine has three main moving
parts: the two rotors and the output shaft.
• Even the simplest four-cylinder piston engine has
at least 40 moving parts, including pistons,
connecting rods, valves, valve springs, rockers,
timing belt, timing gears and crankshaft.
35. Introducing a new rotary engine
• that is simple to build and maintain
• more efficient and more powerful than any design
currently introduced in the automotive industry
• Has less weight, volume and cost
• Has excellent design and performance
• Less and better quality of fuel emissions
• Is a serious advancement in the technology that is
used to power engines of all types and in all known
and future applications.
36. Industry applications
• Automotive
• Heavy duty engines
• Hybrid vehicles
• Shipping
• Commercial and passenger ships
• Aviation
• Large drones
• Small aircrafts
• Energy
• Oil platforms
• Electricity production
37. Operating cycle - only
compression & intake
chamber
3D Model of the
engine
