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Grade 12 ICT American school First term.pptx
- 1. Unit 1: TheMobile World, Information Technology & Your Life Grade 12 Programing
- 2. 1.2 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGYIS PERVASIVE: Cellphones, Email, the Internet, & the E-World Email, network, Internet, web, smartphone, text, tweet, and cyber- space are now common terms in many languages One of the first computers, the outcome of military-related research, was delivered to the U.S. Army in 1946. ENIAC (short for Electronic Numerical Integrator And Calculator) weighed 30 tons, and was 80 feet long, and 2 stories high, but it could multiply a pair of numbers in the then-remarkable time of three-thousandths of a second. This was the first general-purpose, programmable electronic computer, the grandparent of today's lightweight handheld machines-including the smartphone.
- 3. Unit 1B: Thebasics of information technology "computer streetwise" that is, tech smart. 1.3 THE PRACTICAL USER: How Becoming Tech Smart Benefits You MAKE BETTER BUYING DECISIONS No matter how much prices on computers and portable devices come down, you will always have to make judgments about quality and usefulness when buying services, equipment, and software, including apps-short for "applications," small, specialized programs downloaded onto mobile devices. Incidentally, downloading is defined as transferring data from a remote computer to one's own computer or mobile device. Uploading is the reverse-transferring data from your own device to a remote computer.
- 4. Unit 1B: Thebasics of information technology Computer types Supercomputers • Priced from $1 million to $350 million • High-capacity machines with thousands of processors • Multi-user systems • To learn more about one, go to http://www.linl.gov • Mainframe Computers • Workstations • Microcomputers • Microcontrollers
- 5. Unit 1B: Thebasics of information technology Computer types Supercomputers • Mainframe Computers Until late 1960's, the only computer available Multi-user systems; accessed using a terminal To see one, go to • http://www-03.ibm.com/servers/eserver/ zseries/ • Workstations • Microcomputers • Microcontrollers.
- 6. Computer types Supercomputers • MainframeComputers Workstations • Introduced in early 1980s • Expensive, powerful personal computers • Used for scientific, mathematical, engineering, computer- aided design (CAD), computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) • A less-expensive alternative to mainframes To see some examples with current pricing, go to http://www.mce.com • Microcomputers • Microcontrollers
- 7. Unit 1B: Thebasics of information technology Computer types • • Mainframe Computers • Millions of books, documents. and more, ad-free. • Entrepreneur • Workstations • Microcomputers • Personal computers that cost $500 to $5000 • Used either stand-alone or in a network • Types include: desktop, tower, notebooks, or Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) • Microcontrollers
- 8. Unit 1B: Thebasics of information technology Computer types • Mainframe Computers • Millions of books, documents. and more, ad-free. • Entrepreneur • Workstations • Microcomputers • Microcontrollers • Also called embedded computers • Discussion Question: Now, how many of you would say you have NOT used a computer today? • Tiny, specialized microprocessors inside appliances and automobiles • They are in: microwaves, programmable ovens, blood-pressure monitors, air bag sensors, vibration sensors, MP3 players, digital cameras, e-pliances, keyboards, car engine controllers, etc.
- 9. Unit 1B: Thebasics of information technology Computer types • A central computer • • May be any of the 4 larger computer types. • "Server" describes a function • Hold data (databases) and programs • Connect to and supply services for clients • Clients are other computers like PCs, workstations, other devices • Discussion Question: Are you currently in a lab that uses a server?
- 10. Understand your owncomputer Computer types • 3 key concepts • Purpose of a computer • Turn data into information • Data: the raw facts and figures • Information: data that has been summarized and manipulated for use in decision making • Hardware vs. Software • Hardware is the machinery and equipment in the computer Software is the electronic instructions that tell the computer how to perform a task
- 11. Understand your owncomputer • 3 key concepts (continued) • The basic operations • Input: What goes in to the computer system • Processing: The manipulation a computer does to transform data into information • Storage: • Temporary storage: Memory is primary storage • Permanent storage: Disks and media such as DVDs and CDs • are secondary storage • Output: What comes out • Numbers or pictures on the screen, printouts, sounds • Communications: Sending and receiving data
- 12. Building your ownPC Computer types • Output hardware • Video and sound cards • Monitor • Speakers • Printer • Joystick • Communications hardware • Modem (internal or external) • Network Card
- 13. Software System Software (OperatingSystem): Must be installed before application software Operating System (OS) options for the PC: • Linux • Windows • Unix Operating System (OS) options for the Mac • Mac OS Application Software Install after the OS Application depends on OS, for example - Linux applications won't work on Windows - Windows applications won't work on Linux
- 14. Software Future of informationtechnology • 3 directions of Computer Development • Miniaturization • Speed • Affordability • 3 directions of Communications Development Connectivity • Interactivity • Multimedia
- 15. Ethics Future of informationtechnology • Definition: Ethics is the set of moral values or principles that govern the conduct of an individual or group • Is ethics relevant for Information Technology? • How important is ethics if all your personal information, health information, AND virtual money is stored on computers? • Would YOU trust a physician who downloaded his/her term papers from the Internet?
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