1. Lady Gaga feat Beyoncé- Telephone
ANDREW GOODWIN’S THEORY

2. The 6 Features Of His Theory
1. There is a relationship between lyrics and visuals- the lyrics are represented with images
1. There is a relationship between music and visuals. The tone and atmosphere of the visual
reflects that of the music – illustrate, amplify, disjuncture
1. Music videos demonstrate genre characteristics (e.g. stage performance in metal
videos, dance routines for boy/girl band, aspiration in hip hop)
1. The demands of the record label will include the need for lots of close ups of the artist and
the artist may develop motifs which recur across their work (a visual style.)
1. There is frequently reference to notion of looking (screens within screens, mirrors, stages
etc.) and particularly voyeuristic treatment of the female body.
1. There are often intertextual references (to films, TV programmes, other music videos etc.)

3. There is a relationship between
lyrics and visuals
“My telephone”
“My telephone”
There aren’t very many links between
lyrics and visuals in this video. The main
ones are linked to the name of the song
“telephone”. Whenever she sings anything
to do with a telephone there is a visual
“Sick and tired of my phone ringing”
image.

4. There is a relationship between
music and visuals
In this music video, the edits happen on
the beat- there is a shift in images.
When the artist picks up the
phone at the beginning of
the song, the music starts
to play.

5. Music videos demonstrate genre
characteristics
The genre of this song is pop. We can tell by the characteristics used in the
video, as there are a lot of dance routines, this is typical of a pop genre
song, as it involves a lot of performance. Also the artists wear many
different costumes in the video this is very typical of a pop music video too.

6. The demands of the record label
Throughout the music video there are many close ups of both artists (Lady
Gaga and Beyoncé). Both artists (when in the close ups) skin and hair look
flawless, they are also both wearing quite skimpy/sexy outfits. All of these
characteristics are of importance as they help to sell the artist.

7. Notion of looking
In this music video there are some references to voyeuristic treatment of the female body-
maybe it is trying to appeal to a male audience?
There are some uses of the notion of looking
by the use of the security camera, just before
Lady Gaga enters the jail.

8. Intertextual references
There are quite a few references to film in this music video. There are opening
credits at the start of the video as well as end credits at the end of the video.
There is also a reference to TV programme with “to be continued”.