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- 2. Gold was discovered in January 1848 at Sutter’s Mill in Coloma, CA. News quickly spread about the discovery, and by 1849 thousands of people began the journey to California in search of fortune. But how did they get there?
- 3. There were three main routes to the California Gold Rush. 1) The Cape Horn Route 2) The Overland Route 3) The Isthmus of Panama Route
- 4. The Cape Horn Route The Cape Horn Route This was an overseas journey traveled by ships, such as the sidewheeler ship shown below. What do you know about sidewheeler ships? Other ships like the square rigger relied on wind to propel it towards their destination.
- 5. The Cape Horn Route Map Ships departed from East Coast cities, such as Boston and New York. They journeyed south, through the Atlantic Ocean, along North America. Then sailed around the southern tip of South America known as Cape Horn. What dangerous shortcut was occasionally taken on this route? Boston Atlantic Ocean Pacific Ocean Rio de Janeiro San Francisco Cape Horn Callao New York Straits of Magellan
- 6. The Cape Horn Route Advantages Advantages Safest Route This was considered the safest route. The majority of men who traveled this route made it to San Francisco alive.
- 7. The Cape Horn Route Advantages Advantages Fewer Diseases There was less risk of disease on this route than on the other two routes.
- 8. The Cape Horn Route Disadvantages Disadvantages Expensive The ship routes were very expensive and could cost hundreds of dollars.
- 9. The Cape Horn Route Disadvantages Disadvantages Overbooked & Crowded The ships were often overbooked leading to crowded living spaces and overloaded boats.
- 10. The Cape Horn Route Disadvantages Disadvantages Waves, Winds, & Cold The most dangerous part of this route was nature. Huge waves, strong winds, and freezing weather were all risks for the travelers.
- 11. The Cape Horn Route Disadvantages Disadvantages QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. Limited Food Variety & Rotten Food It was hard to preserve food during this journey. Selection was very limited and food spoiled quickly.
- 12. The Overland Route The Overland Route This route was traveled by wagon. They were pulled by either mules or oxen. The most popular trail was the Oregon Trail.
- 13. The Overland Route Map Oxen or mule drawn wagons started on the westward trails in Missouri and set out for the San Francisco. The usual route was the Oregon Trail, which led to the California Trail and to the Gold Rush. This route was 3,000 miles and took 4-6 months. Boston Atlantic Ocean Pacific Ocean Rio de Janeiro San Francisco Cape Horn Callao New YorkMissouri
- 14. The Overland Route Advantages Advantages QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. Women and Children Could Go Too The Overland Route offered a way for families to make the trip to California. The ships were considered too dangerous for women and children.
- 15. The Overland Route Advantages Advantages QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. Less Expensive This route was usually less expensive than the ship routes, at least at the beginning of the trip.
- 16. The Overland Route Advantages Advantages QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. Better Food Options By traveling a land route, they were able to hunt and fish for food along the way.
- 17. The Overland Route Disadvantages Disadvantages QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. Disease Sickness such as cholera, mountain fever, and pneumonia took many lives on this route.
- 18. The Overland Route Disadvantages Disadvantages QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. Mountains and Rivers There were mountains and rivers to crossed in many areas of the land journey. This was very difficult with oxen, a wagon, and family.
- 19. The Overland Route Disadvantages Disadvantages Accidents Accidents often happened, such as broken wheel axles, sick oxen, broken bones, and more.
- 20. The Panama Route The Isthmus of Panama Route This route was traveled by ship to Panama. This was the shortest route, taking between 1-3 months to complete.
- 21. The Panama Route Map Ships set sail for Panama from the East Coast of the US. When travelers arrived in Panama, they canoed up the Chagres River for 75 miles. Then they rode mules for 25 miles through the jungle to Panama City. There they waited for a ship to take them to San Francisco. Boston Atlantic Ocean Pacific Ocean Rio de Janeiro San Francisco Cape Horn Callao Philadelphia Panama
- 22. The Panama Route Advantages Panama Route - Advantages Quickest Route This was the fastest route of all three. Travelers could get to California in the half the time of the other routes.
- 23. The Panama Route Advantages Panama Route - Advantages Multiple Stops Weary travelers could take a break from life at sea and eat fresh food as they crossed Panama.
- 24. The Panama Route Disadvantages Panama Route - Disadvantages QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. Diseases There were numerous diseases in Panama, and they took the lives of many passengers waiting to sail to San Francisco. Diseases such as cholera, malaria, yellow fever, and dysentery.
- 25. The Panama Route Disadvantages Panama Route Disadvantages QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. Few Ships on the Other Side Travelers were often left waiting a long time to sail from the other side of Panama to San Francisco because there weren’t enough ships coming to take them.
- 26. Recap So let’s recap…… How many main routes to the Gold Rush were there? What were they? Tell a partner which route you think is best.
- 27. Woo hoo1 It’s time for a project!! Woo hoo!!