Presentation given at the Association of American Geographers (AAG) Annual Conference in Washington, DC on 16 April 2010. Discusses the relationship between GIS 2.0 and a conceptual model of the disaster cycle. The goal of which is to help guide the design process of a web-enabled humanitarian knowledge management system.

1. Methods and Applications in Addressing Information Needs in Humanitarian Emergencies Association of American Geographers Conference 16 April 2010 – Washington DC GIS 2.0, the Disaster Cycle, and Implications for Humanitarian Knowledge Management Joshua S. CampbellHumanitarian Information Unit University of Kansas

2. Session Goal During humanitarian emergencies, there is a need for different levels of information depending on the type and intensity of the emergency As the emergency develops, information needs change from recovery to restoration 1-3 days: immediate description 10 days: contextualization Long-term: trends, models, managing, rebuilding

3. Questions… How does the disaster cycle impact the type of geospatial information and analysis needed? How do we utilize new geospatial toolkits, the Internet, and mobile technology? How do we leverage existing work?

4. Where we are Existing WebGIS best suited for contextual understanding and scenario/trend analysis Citizens as Sensors: Mobile phones and SMS Collaborative Mapping: Open Street Map Optimum system combines all three

5. System Design Get the right information in the right format at the right time Geospatial data & robust cyberinfrastructure Leverages previous work

6. NeoGeography Began as an expression of Web 2.0 applied to maps AJAX, JavaScript APIs, RSS Craigslist mashup / Chicago Crime Maps * Democratization of geographic tools Web Developers discovered Geography… What about Geographers harnessing the Web?

7. What is Web 2.0? “a transformative force that’s compelling companies across all industries towards a new way of doing business characterized by harnessingcollective intelligence, openness, and network effects” --Tim O’Reilly

8. What is a GIS? A digital representation of the earth, structured to support analysis (Dobson, 2007) Automated systems for the collection, storage, retrieval, analysis, and display of spatial data (Clarke, 1995) Should also include dissemination Composed on software, hardware, and people

10. Web 2.0 philosophy

11. collective intelligence, network effects, openness

12. Internet as a platform

13. Open Standards

19. Figure 3, Kelmelis et al 2006

20. The Disaster Cycle Warning / Evacuation & Response / Recovery Need information quick Get everyone on the same page High resolution imagery ‘Common Operating Picture’ Harness volunteers and mobile technology

23. Open Street Map – Haiti Edits Video http://vimeo.com/9182869

25. The Disaster Cycle Reconstruction / Rehabilitation Begin building larger datasets Cadastre, elevation, hydro Focus on logistics, program oversight, monitoring

28. The Disaster Cycle Redevelopment / Sustainable Development Modeling of future hazards Filling data gaps from recent disaster Modeling potential economic development

33. Unifying Data Streams / Approaches We need to build WebGIS that combine the best of these two worlds? User Centered Design, clean interfaces, high levels of participation / low barrier to entry Large data processing, terrain and image processing, statistical modeling, demographic analysis

34. Recommendations Datasets prepacked and ready to go Understand data licenses Preprocess hazard risks (floods, earthquakes,…) Analytical products as web services Humanitarian Data Model / Ontology

35. Thanks! Email: jsc1@ku.edu Blog: http://disruptivegeo.com Twitter: disruptivegeo Slideshare: jscampbell1