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ジイド、情報、相互行為
福島 祥行
ジイドと進化論
 一、神は、世界を創ったとき、それがどうなってい
くかのかを見通してはいなかった。 […]
 二、中間段階では、神と共に歩むことで、人間こそ
が、自らと神と世界を創りだしていく。
 三、人類は、神自身にさえわからない目標を《神》
と定めてゴールへと突き進んでいく。
(津川 2016: 62)
2/12
ジイドと宇宙開闢
 ジイドのこのようなコスモゴニー観のうちには、
ウォーカーにいわせればダーウィニズムが、筆者に
いわせれば、「初期値鋭敏依存性」に関連した複雑
系的思想が、そして両者の絡み合いがみられると
いってよい。
(津川 2016: 75)
3/12
ジイドと人類の進化
 だが、こういった様々な不幸も「人類の進化」に
よってやがて乗り越えられるであろう。 […]
 要するに、『新しき糧』は、全体が「人類の進化」
というテーマで編集され、貫かれている作品である
ということができるし、少なくとも、そう解釈する
ことが可能である。
(津川 2016: 314)
4/12
ジイドとトートロジー
 最初、「シンプルな自律体」のように素朴であった
人類は、環境との共進化、神との共進化によって、
その意識を進化させてきた。だが、初期値鋭敏依存
性のはたらく複雑系的世界にあっては、人間には、
トートロジックな自らの意識を時として乗り越えな
ければならないといった瞬間がある。
(津川 2016: 357)
5/12
ジイドとコスモロジー
 とはいえ、ジイドが、人間の意識の美しさに驚嘆す
るのは、それが物質とのトートロジックな循環を、
いまのべたのとは別な意味で――無償の行いをする
という意味で、乗り越える瞬間である。
(津川 2016: 357)
6/12
ジイドと必然/偶然
 ここで、前提としてあるのは、ジイドが、モラルの
問題が成立しうる人間世界と、それが成立しない世
界――進化論的世界――の両方を同時に眺めている
ということである。
(津川 2016: 360)
7/12
ジイドと情報構造
 最終的なジイドにとっては、複雑系的視点と同じく、
秩序と無秩序、論理と非論理(あるいは論理と非論
理的とさえみえる多様性・複雑性)とは同じ一つの
ものである。
(津川 2016: 368)
8/12
ジイドと情報構造
 宇宙(閉鎖系)が膨張することで情報が生じる。
 情報が物質を生じさせる。
 物質はエネルギーに変わる。
 エネルギーが生命=遺伝情報を生む。
 遺伝情報が生体(物質)をつくる。
 生体がエネルギーを代謝し、外界に適応=学習する。
 後天的情報構造としての意識が生ずる。(品川 1982)
9/12
ジイドと情報構造
(品川 1982: 92)
10/12
ジイドと情報構造
 宇宙(閉鎖系)の膨張による非平衡状態(ゆらぎ)は、
初期値鋭敏依存性により、予測不可能な結果をうむ。
 宇宙の膨張は、エネルギー代謝をおこなうことで局所
的に情報構造(少エントロピー状態)を構築する生体
(開放系)をうむ。
 生体の情報は増大しつづけ(エントロピー減少)、先
天的構造にはおさまりきらず、後天的に新規獲得され
る情報を後代につたえるため、「学習」を強化する。
11/12
ジイドと相互行為
 「学習」=「環境(他者をふくむ外界)への適応」。
 環境も変数なので、出力(適応結果)はカオスとなる。
 人類と環境は、相互行為 interaction によって「共進化」
し、人類は「自己組織化」autopoiesis(閾値を超えた結
果、構造が生ずる)することで「人類」となる。
 「無償のモラル=意識の乗り越え」は、大きなシステ
ム(外界との相互行為)のひとつの予測不可能な結果
として生ずる。
12/12

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Gideと情報構造