This document discusses renewable energy opportunities available through infrastructure projects using ground source heat pump technology. It provides an overview of GI Energy's experience with ground source heat pumps and energy foundations. Specifically, it details a case study of their work installing geothermal loops into the foundations of the Crossrail project in London. The loops capture renewable geothermal energy that can be used for heating and cooling the new train stations. The document outlines the technical design and installation process for the foundation loops at various Crossrail station sites.

1. Renewable Energy Opportunities
with Infrastructure Projects
Tony Amis
Business Development Director
June 2015
© GI Energy

2. Contents
• The GI Energy Journey
• Ground Sourced Heat Pumps
• Geothermal solutions
• Energy Foundations & Opportunities In the UK
• Benefits of Using Energy Foundations
• Case Study – Crossrail
• What are the issues Installing loops into Foundations
• Good Design practice
© Geothermal International

3. The Journey to GI Energy
Monday, 27 July 2015 3

4. GI Energy Today
Monday, 27 July 2015 © GI Energy 4
Controls Solar
Power
Correction
GSHPASHP
Biomass
CHP
Demand
Reduction
Our Unique Skills & Experience allow
us to Deliver Bespoke Solutions via a
Diverse Technology Portfolio
Bringing the Elements Together as a
Coherent Whole increases benefits
Commitment to an on-going energy
partnership for the long-term

5. GI Renewable Energy Solution
Monday, 27 July 2015 © GI Energy 5
GI ENERGY
Supply & Management
GSHP’s
Solar PV
Other (process)
CHP
Solar Thermal
Boilers
Chillers
ELECTRICAL POWER
HIGH GRADE HEATING
COOLING
LOW GRADE HEATING
TOP UP & OR BACK UP
10% - 200%+
Waste
Heat
Recovery
20-30%RenewableEnergy
LowCarbonSolution
Aim
Long Term System Optimisation
Maximising CO2 & Run Cost Savings
Thermal
Storage
Free
Cooling
Conventional
PRE HEATING

6. Our Skills for Your Benefit
Monday, 27 July 2015 © GI Energy 6
Initial
Consultation
Survey,
Feasibility
Study,
Proposal
Detailed
Engineering
System
Installation,
Integration &
Commissioning
Remote
Energy
Monitoring &
Responsive
Control
Providing Sustainable Energy
Funded Solution
Energy Efficiency Pays for Implementation & Maintenance
Understanding Your Unique Commercial
& Sustainability Objectives
In House Experienced Team Works
Closely with Client Team to Deliver Best
In Class, Integrated Solution
Whole Life
Maintenance
& Product
Warranty
Constantly Working to Maximise
Performance in Partnership with Client
Team
Initial
Consultation
Survey,
Feasibility
Study,
Proposal
Detailed
Engineering
System
Installation,
Integration &
Commissioning
Remote
Energy
Monitoring &
Responsive
Control
Providing Sustainable Energy
Funded Solution
Energy Efficiency Pays for Implementation & Maintenance
Understanding Your Unique Commercial
& Sustainability Objectives
In House Experienced Team Works
Closely with Client Team to Deliver Best
In Class, Integrated Solution
Whole Life
Maintenance
& Product
Warranty
Constantly Working to Maximise
Performance in Partnership with Client
Team
Initial
Consultation
Survey,
Feasibility
Study,
Proposal
Detailed
Engineering
System
Installation,
Integration &
Commissioning
Remote
Energy
Monitoring &
Responsive
Control
Providing Sustainable Energy
Funded Solution
Energy Efficiency Pays for Implementation & Maintenance
Understanding Your Unique Commercial
& Sustainability Objectives
In House Experienced Team Works
Closely with Client Team to Deliver Best
In Class, Integrated Solution
Whole Life
Maintenance
& Product
Warranty
Constantly Working to Maximise
Performance in Partnership with Client
Team

7. Primary circuit options for GSHP systems
Systems can be combined to give optimal solution
Open Loop System
Closed Loop Systems

8. Ground Sourced Heat Pump (GSHP) Principle
TrinityHaus colloquium
Geothermal heat
flow
(0.06 W/m2)
Solar /atmospheric energy
(10’s -100’s W/m2)
Ground Temperature 10o -12o
 Pass a fluid through a constant 12o
temperature ground:
− A cooler fluid will increase in
temperature, (used for heating)
− A warmer fluid will decrease in
temperature (used for cooling)
 The magnitude of this temperature
differential is around 3o-5o
 Need to maintain this differential for
gshp system viability
 Designed to be maintained with
seasonal heating and cooling cycles

9. TrinityHaus colloquium
Ground sourced heat pump system
HEAT
PUMP
Compressor
Expansion valve
Pump
Pump
SOURCE CIRCUIT
(Geothermal piles)
SECONDARY CIRCUIT
(Building)
Cool
Warm
Hot
Warm
Cool
Warm
System is reversible allowing for both heating and cooling
OOC Heating load 965,841kWhth 42% of Building Requirement
OOC Cooling Load 557,536kWhtc 100% of Building Requirement
Hot
6o
30o
50o
10o
Heat
Exchange
r
Heat
Exchange
r

10. CHP Improvements when integrated with GSHP’s
Monday, 27 July 2015 © GI Energy
5% FLUE LOSSES
30% ELECTRICITY50% HEAT
5% INTERNAL
LOSSES
Waste heat
Capture
Surplus Heat
Storage
Energy Piles
/Boreholes
GSHP
10% FLUE LOSSES

11. • Offices
• Hotels
• Individual Homes
• Apartment Buildings
• Supermarkets
• Residential
Developments
• Schools
• Hospitals
• Manufacturing
• Sports Centers
• Agriculture
• Government Buildings
• Stately Homes
• Railway Stations
Geothermal has Been successfully applied to:

12. Vertical Loop Under Buildings

13. B&Q Superstore, New Malden
• System:
• Vertical, Closed Loop
• Beneath the Building
• Size:
• 549kW Cooling
• 659kW Heating
• Collector type:
• 120 boreholes
• Depth 100m
• Completed:
• 2008

14. Energy Piles®

15. Slide 15
Benefits of using EnergyPiles ® / Energy Walls®
 Piles have dual functionality – structural and as energy
source
 One of the cheapest sources of ground energy
 Relatively low extra over cost to use the piles (depends
on technique)
 Minimal impact on piling program
 Provides a Stable & Sustainable renewable energy
• Advantage for BREEAM / LEED buildings
• Reduces CO2 emissions to the atmosphere.
• UK Energy foundations saving circa 7,000T /annum

16. 52 Energy Pile Installations In the UK
Monday, 27 July 2015 © GI Energy 16

17. Geothermal Loops Have Now Been Installed Successfully In
All Foundation Types
 Small / large diameter bored piles –
Westminster Academy / One New Change/ US Embassy
 Piles under bentonite or dry bore – Bankside London
 CFA piles - Canterbury University/ Belfast Police station
 Driven Cast In-situ piles. North Kent Police Station
 Driven Precast Piles – Balmore Glasgow & Bristol
 Diaphragm walls - Bulgari Hotel Knightsbridge / Crossrail Stations

18. Installing the Loops
Loop Reeler

19. CFA Piles, Hauser Forum Cambridge
• Pile design – Mott MacDonald
• Pile Contractor – Bachy
• Loop design / build – GIL
• CFA piles (600mm dia) 149 No up to
25m depth
• Loops - 4 pipes x 40mm dia
• Pushed with 1 x 40mm bar
• Heating - 188kW
• Cooling - 117kW
Plunging used 40mm bar + 4 pipes (2 loops)
Trimming Cage and header pipes

20. Westminster Academy
• System:
• EnergyPiles™
• Size:
• 331kW Heating
• 120kW Cooling
• Collector type:
• 260 No Rotary bored Piles depth
15 -20m
• Completed
• 2008

21. Energy Piles & Closed loop

22. Energy Piles & Dry Coolers

23. North Kent Police PFI
• System:
• Energy Piles, Closed Loop & Dry
Cooler
• Size:
• 550kW Heating
• 1,350kW Cooling
• Collector type:
• 250 Piles to 23m
• 80 Bores to 100m
• Operational Since 2008

24. Energy Piles & Open loop

25. One New Change, London
• System:
• Piles & Open Loop
• Size:
• 1,638kW Heating
• 1,742kW Cooling
• Collector type:
• 219 Energy Piles
• Open Loop Wells
• Operational 2010

26. ONC Cage Design
© Geothermal International
 Three sections of reinforcement cages to join
 One continuous length of geothermal loop inside each pile
 Loops filled with water and pressurised for installation

27. © Geothermal International
One New Change, London

28. ONC Energy Pile – Loop Installation
© Geothermal International

29. One New Change- Headering Work
© Geothermal International

30. Completed Plant Room
Computer driven
according to various
scenarios

31. One New Change Performance
Monday, 27 July 2015 © GI Energy 31
kWh
100,000 kWh
200,000 kWh
300,000 kWh
400,000 kWh
500,000 kWh
600,000 kWh
Jan-12 Feb-12 Mar-12 Apr-12 May-12 Jun-12 Jul-12 Aug-12 Sep-12 Oct-12 Nov-12 Dec-12
Energy exchanged with RCL
Heating Energy delivered
Cooling Energy Delivered
Electricity consumed by HP
Global annual efficiency of the GSHP system (*) 4.1
Annual CO2 savings (tons) 294
Annual financial savings (£) £62,374
Note: (*) Consumption of Heat pumps only; excludes all the pumps and auxiliary ancillaries. pumps only; excludes all the pumps and auxiliary ancillaries.

32. Bulgari Hotel - First Energy Diaphragm Wall Project in UK
• System:
– Diaphragm Wall & Energy
Piles®
• Size:
– 150kW Heating
– 150kW Cooling
• Collector type:
– 50 Energy Piles
– 150m Energy D. Wall
• On Site:
– Commissioned 2012

33. Bulgari Hotel Knightsbridge / Crossrail Station Box
Schematic
© Geothermal International

34. Crossrail Stations London
• System:
– Diaphragm Wall & Energy
Piles®
• Size:
– 150kW-300kW Heating
– 150kW-300kW Cooling
• Collector type:
– Energy Piles
– Energy D. Wall
• On Site:
– Farringdon Street
– Tottenham Court Road
– Bond street
– Fisher Street
– Paddington

35. Anticipated CO2 Savings at Crossrail
Contract
Heating
peak power
Cooling
peak power
CO2
Savings
(T/Annum)
(kW) (kW)
Paddington Integrated 420 240 200
Bond St WTH 186 186 28
Bond St ETH 340 340 49
TCR West 160 160 21
TCR East 75 75 9
Fisher St 60 60 10
Liverpool St – Blomfield 150 80 11
Liverpool St – Moorgate 70 25 14
Farringdon West 120 120 16
Farringdon East 90 90 12
Totals 1,671 1,376 370

36. Crossrail and Geothermal
Slide 36

37. Crossrail - Bond Street Station
Eastern Ticket Hall
Western Ticket Hall

38. Bond St ETH Elevation
Thermal piles
Ground Level
30m

39. Bond St ETH
GI Energy Design
 57 Thermal pile
 1.8m diameter
 67m deep
 6 loops per pile
 30m Effective
length due to deep
cut off

40. Bond St ETH
Thermal piles at base of shaft
Access tunnels

41. Bond St WTH
 1.2m D-Wall
 44m deep
 29 panels
 2 loops /panel
GI Energy Design
14 Thermal piles
 2.5m diameter
 20m deep
 6 loops per pile

42. Pre-installation Quality Control & Testing

43. Crossrail – WTH – Loop fixing
Diaphragm wall loops on outside of panel
Thermal loops prefixed on
inside of reinforcement

44. Lifting the Diaphragm Wall Cage

45. Installing the Loops

46. Installing the Loops

47. Installing the second cage

48. Fixing the loops to the cage

49. © Geothermal International
Fixing & Testing

50. Trimming and Protecting

51. Pre-concrete Pressure Test

52. Concreting the Diaphragm Wall

53. Headering Works
© Geothermal International

54. Crossrail Bond Street WTH - Capping beams with loops
Loops at central collection
point
Loops collecting up inside the
capping beam

55. Headering Up
Edge Of slab
Monday, 27 July 2015 © GI Energy 55

56. Plant Room
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Main flow returns to piles in Plant room
Manifold

57. Plant Room
Monday, 27 July 2015 © GI Energy 57
Circulation Pumps
Header Pipework
Plate Frame Heat Exchanger

58. Slide 58
Completed Plant Room
Controls

59. © Geothermal International
www.geothermalint.co.uk
Telephone: +44 (0)24 7667 3131
One New Change Geothermal System Schematic
Schematic Only
SIZE Authored / Approved DWG NO REV
A3 CD / CD Schematic Only 1
SCALE NTS 22nd
June 2007 SHEET 1 OF 1
Dry Cooler
1,115kW Capacity
Retail Condenser Circuit
TTarget = 20o
C, Tmax = 40o
C
Office LTHW Circuit
TFlow = 50o
C
Open Loop Well Pair
CFS & Partners Responsibility
13 Number Heat Pumps
in N + 1 Configuration
GI Responsibility
Typical Proposed Crossrail Arrangement
Heat Pump Capable of
Providing
Simultaneous Heating
& Cooling
Fan
Coil
Unit
7°C
M
M
35-50°C
Cooling to
Crossrail
Station
Heating
to OSD
Δtmax 6°C
Δtmax5°C
Energy Piles
& Wall
Limit of Geothermal Responsibility
Control
Centre
Building
Requirements
Monitor Record
Loop Temperatures
Ensure Crossrail
Asset Protection

60. Opportunities For Crossrail Are Identical
For HS2 NLE & Thames Tideway
1km of Diaphragm Wall or Piles - 40m deep could provide..
• 500kW of Peak Heating (enough to heat over 50 Homes)
• 500kW of Peak Cooling
• Save 350 tonnes of CO2 per Annum
• Reduce Energy Bill by approx £90k per annum when
compared against conventional systems
© Geothermal International

61. Opportunities for Tunnels
Monday, 27 July 2015 © GI Energy 61
Option 1: Install loops
into Tunnel segments
Option 3: Install loops into
Tunnel Culvert
Option 2: Install loops behind
Tunnel segments
1km of tunnel cooling could provide...
• 30-40kW of peak heating
• Save up to 2.5 tonnes of CO2 per annum
• Reduce Energy bills by approx. £240 per annum
when compared against conventional systems
• RHI income of £3,604 per annum*

62. Crossrail Station Opportunities
Monday, 27 July 2015 © GI Energy 62
Utilising redundant TAM’s
Settlement reducing grout
shafts at Crossrail stations
One Zone will deliver 60kW
of heating and cooling

63. Old Common Crossrail Depot
Monday, 27 July 2015 © GI Energy 63
The contract between Transport For London and Bombardier covers the supply
& delivery of 65 new 200m long trains in 2017 & maintained for 32 years at
Old Oak Common.

64. GI Renewable Energy Solution - Crossrail Old Oak Common Depot
• GSHP System
• 25no 150m deep boreholes
• 466no 15m deep energy piles under the building
• Will provide 936kWth heating and 566kWth cooling
• CHP System will provide top up 446kWth heating
and 280kWe of electrical load
• 220m² Solar Thermal will add a further 140kWth of
hot water load
• 1498m² Solar PV will provide a further 220kWe
Monday, 27 July 2015 © GI Energy 64

65. GI Renewable Energy Solution Highlights - Old Oak Common Depot
Based Upon Electrical, Heating and cooling profiles provided by Atkins
• 54% Heating and cooling will be provided from renewable technology
• 20% of electrical load generated on site from CHP / Solar PV
• 33% Renewable energy solution
Providing Demonstrated Savings Of.....
• Run cost savings £97,000 per annum when compared against
conventional equipment
• Renewable Heat Incentive £193,628/ annum
• 530Tonnes of CO2 per annum
• Potential payback on investment < 10 YearsMonday, 27 July 2015 © GI Energy 65
Through our controls & long term management we will be
looking to outperform on current assessed performance..

66. Slide 66
Benefits of using EnergyPiles ® / Energy Walls®
 Piles have dual functionality – structural and as energy
source
 One of the cheapest sources of ground energy
 Relatively low extra over cost to use the piles (depends
on technique)
 Minimal impact on piling program
 Provides a Stable & Sustainable renewable energy
• Advantage for BREEAM / LEED buildings
• Reduces CO2 emissions to the atmosphere.
• UK Energy foundations saving circa 7,000T /annum

67. Next Steps
Why wouldn’t you…?
Monday, 27 July 2015 © GI Energy 67
They have & do.

68. GI Energy UK Headquarters
Contact - Tony Amis
tony.amis@gienergy.co.uk
Shillingwood House
Westwood Way
Westwood Business Park
Coventry
West midlands
CV4 8JZ
Mobile: +44 (0)7595 278 428
Phone: +44 (0)2476 850 403
www.gienergy.net
contact

69. thank you
www.gienergy.net
Monday, 27 July 2015 © GI Energy 69

70. All contents of this presentation are copyright Geothermal International Limited. Reproduction is forbidden without specific permission of Geothermal International Limited.