4. OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the session, the learners will be able to:
Describe various hazards that may happen in the
event of earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and
landslides.
Develop survival plan in the event of earthquakes,
volcanic eruptions, and landslides.
Display cooperation during group activity
Value the importance of risk reduction management
5. GROUP ACTIVITY
3 GROUPS:
GROUP 1 – EARTHQUAKE
GROUP 2 – VOLCANIC ERUPTION
GROUP 3 – LANDSLIDE
EACH GROUP WILL BE GIVEN MANILA PAPER, MARKER AND CARTOLINA STRIP.
ON YOUR CARTOLINA STRIP , WRITE THE THINGS OR HAZARDS THAT MAY
HAPPEN DURING EARTHQUAKE, VOLCANIC ERUPTION OR LANDSLIDE AND PASTE
IT ON THE LEFT COLUMN OF THE MANILA PAPER; WHILE ON THE RIGHT
COLUMN WRITE THE THINGS THAT YOU SHOULD DO IN ORDER TO AVOID THOSE
HAZARDS.
CHOOSE ONE MEMBER TO REPORT YOUR OUTPUT TO THE CLASS. EACH GROUP
WILL BE GIVEN 3 MINUTES FOR THE PREPARATION, AND 2 MINS. FOR THE
REPORTING.
6. GEOLOGICAL PROCESSES
Geological processes are events
that occur at the Earth’s surface
that are man-induced or due to
the application of natural forces
like gravity, temperature
changes, chemical reactions,
seismic shaking, among others.
8. HAZARD
- A dangerous phenomenon,
substance, human activity or
condition
- POTENTIAL THREAT
- can cause loss of life,
injury or other health
impacts, or environmental
damage
9. GEOLOGICAL HAZARD
- a condition or event that
may cause harm to
property and life as a result
of a geological process
such as earthquake,
volcanic eruption, or
landslide.
17. 1. EARTHQUAKE
Mild shaking to violent trembling of the ground
Earthquakes are usually caused
when underground rock suddenly breaks and
there is rapid motion along a fault. This sudden
release of energy causes the seismic waves that
make the ground shake.
19. EARTHQUAKE CAN BE MEASURED INTO:
-It is the energy released by
an earthquake at the focus.
-Determined from
measurements on an
instrument called
SEISMOGRAPH.
- Represented by Arabic
Numbers (1-10
MAGNITUDE INTENSITY
-It is the strength of an
earthquake perceived and
felt by people in a certain
locality.
-Determined from the effects
on people, human structures,
and the natural environment.
-Represented by Roman
Numerals (I-X)
30. HAZARDS BROUGHT BY EARTHQUAKE
D. Liquefaction
-is a process that transforms the behavior of
a body of sediments from that of a solid to that
of a liquid when subjected to extremely
intense shaking.
37. HAZARDS BROUGHT BY VOLCANIC ERUPTION
A. Pyroclastic Density Currents – are mixtures of
fragmented volcanic particles or pyroclastics, hot
gases and ash that crash down the volcanic
slopes at high speed (mixture of ash and dust)
and hot gases.
38. HAZARDS BROUGHT BY VOLCANIC ERUPTION
A. Pyroclastic Density Currents – are mixtures of
fragmented volcanic particles or pyroclastics, hot
gases and ash that crash down the volcanic
slopes at high speed (mixture of ash and dust)
and hot gases.
- The most lethal because it can cause
inceneration, asphyxiation, abrasion, and burial
in hot volcanic material
40. HAZARDS BROUGHT BY VOLCANIC ERUPTION
B. Volcanic gases- are vapors released during an
eruption.
41. HAZARDS BROUGHT BY VOLCANIC ERUPTION
B. Volcanic gases- are vapors released during an
eruption.
WATER VAPOR CARBON MONOXIDE
HYDROGEN SULFIDE HYDROGEN CHLORIDE
SULFUR DIOXIDE HYDROGEN FLUORIDE
CARBON DIOXIDE
42. HAZARDS BROUGHT BY VOLCANIC ERUPTION
B. Volcanic gases- are vapors released during an
eruption.
- Some of these gases, such as hydrogen
fluoride, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and sulfur
dioxide (SO2), are poisonous. They cause
respiratory damage and death.
51. 3. LANDSLIDE
occurs when earth materials (rocks,
debris, and soil) move downwards
along a slope due to gravity.
52. 3. LANDSLIDE
Can be triggered by natural triggers
such as intense rainfall, weathering
of rocks, weakening of materials,
ground vibrations during Earthquake
and volcanic activities.
It can also be man-induced by human
activities
54. HAZARDS BROUGHT BY LANDSLIDE
A.Mud flow is the flow of mud and rock.
B.Earthflow is the downward flow of fine-grained
materials, such as clay, fine sand, and silt. It is slower
than mudflow, but it inflicts the same damage.
55. HAZARDS BROUGHT BY LANDSLIDE
A.Mud flow is the flow of mud and rock.
B.Earthflow is the downward flow of fine-grained materials, such
as clay, fine sand, and silt. It is slower than mudflow, but it
inflicts the same damage.
C.Rock fall is the sliding, toppling, or falling of rocks along a
slope.
57. APPLICATION:
You are enjoying your summer vacation
at the beach. Suddenly, you felt the
ground moving because of an
earthquake. What should you do? What
are the scenarios that may happen
during and after the earthquake?
58. ASSESSMENT: ½ PAPER CROSSWISE
Event Earthquake Volcanic Eruption Landslide
1. lava flow
2. ground rupture
3. mass movement of
rocks, soil and other
debris
4. pyroclastic flow
5. liquefaction
Geological Hazard Things To Do
1. Volcanic eruption a.
b.
2. Landslide a.
b.
I. Direction. Mark check to what geological hazard does the given event happens.
II. Fill in the table with the things you do to be safe during geological hazard.
Geological Hazard Things To Do
1. Earthquake a.
b.
2. Landslide a.
b.
3. Earthquake a.
b.
