1) The document provides an overview of a geography lesson on the interior of the Earth for BA Part 1 students.
2) It discusses different hypotheses about the origin and structure of the Earth, including the planetesimal, tidal, and nebular hypotheses.
3) Key points covered include the different layers of the Earth based on density and temperature, as well as evidence about the Earth's interior from seismic wave behavior.
The document provides a summary of bi-coastal events held by S.T. Dupont in September 2009 to support its publicity efforts in the US market. It describes a media dinner in New York City with 23 editors attending to meet with the S.T. Dupont CEO. It also details the launch of an S.T. Dupont boutique in the Davidoff store in New York during Fashion Week. In Los Angeles, it discusses a platinum sponsorship of Emmy suites where S.T. Dupont interacted with 52 celebrities and obtained press coverage. The document analyzes press attendance, coverage generated, and opportunities resulting from the events.
USENIX Security '15: All Your Biases Belong To Us: Breaking RC4 in WPA-TKIP a...vanhoefm
This document summarizes research on breaking encryption schemes that use the RC4 stream cipher. The researchers discovered new biases in the RC4 keystream that allow recovering plaintext more efficiently. They applied these biases to break WPA-TKIP encryption and decrypt HTTPS cookies. For WPA-TKIP, simulating traffic captures allowed decrypting packets and the message integrity check key within an hour. For HTTPS, biases were combined to decrypt 16-character cookies in around 75 hours by manipulating requests sent to a target site. The work significantly advances attacks against protocols still relying on the weakened RC4 cipher.
Songs Of The Righteous Spirit Men Of High Purpose ShishiMasa Nakata
This document provides an overview of "men of high purpose" (shishi) in mid-19th century Japan and their tradition of composing Chinese poetry (kanshi). It discusses how shishi emerged as nationalist figures committed to imperial causes. Many shishi bonded through their shared practice of writing kanshi, which allowed them to situate themselves within the epistemic traditions of Chinese statesmen and draw connections to one another. Over time, shishi poetry became more self-referential and focused on contemporary Japanese issues. The production of kanshi thus served to both articulate shishi identity and foster connections among them.
This document provides encouragement for people who feel that God cannot use them by listing biblical figures who had perceived flaws or difficulties but were still used by God. It notes that Noah was a drunk, Abraham was too old, Jacob was a liar, etc. and that Jesus helped them all. It concludes by saying God can use people to their full potential regardless of messages and encourages living simply, loving generously, and caring deeply while leaving the rest to God.
Jesuits textual strategies in Japan bet 1549 and 1582Masa Nakata
This document discusses the textual strategies used by Jesuit missionaries in Japan between 1549 and 1582. It notes that the Jesuits were able to gather extensive and detailed information about Japan because they lived integrated into Japanese society and studied the Japanese language. From the time of Francis Xavier's arrival, Jesuits produced a steady stream of manuscripts including letters and reports that provided Europeans with information about Japan. These texts helped spread Christianity but also conveyed cultural values from Europe. The Jesuits sent books from Europe to establish libraries in Japan containing religious and philosophical works. They also produced some early texts in Japanese to help spread their message and engage in religious disputes. Overall, the document examines how the Jesuits used writing and language skills to learn about
The document summarizes the key features of the new BMW R 1200 GS and R 1200 GS Adventure motorcycles. It describes upgrades to the engine, which now produces 81 kW (110 hp) at 7,750 rpm and 120 Nm (88 lb-ft) of torque at 6,000 rpm. The bikes have a new dual overhead camshaft engine layout and increased valve sizes. Additional features include adjustable suspension, various optional accessories, and different color options for each model.
Geo ba i_interior of earth_mixed versionavtardhillon
This document provides an overview of the interior of the Earth based on evidence from seismic waves, density variations, and volcanic activity. It discusses that the Earth is composed of three main layers - a thin crust, a thick mantle, and a dense core. The density and pressure increase greatly with depth, from around 2.7 g/cm3 in the crust to over 11 g/cm3 in the core. Temperature also increases substantially towards the center of the Earth, reaching over 2000°C in the core. Various theories have been proposed to explain the state and composition of the deep interior, but seismic data now indicates that while the outer core is liquid, the extreme pressure turns the inner core solid.
The document provides an overview of the interior of the Earth, including:
1. The Earth is divided into layers like the crust, mantle, and core. The mantle and core are each further divided into inner and outer sections.
2. Different layers have different densities, with the density increasing with depth towards the core, which has the highest density.
3. Pressure and temperature both increase greatly with depth in the Earth's interior, with the core reaching temperatures over 2000 degrees Celsius.
4. Evidence about the Earth's internal structure and conditions comes from seismic data, theories of the Earth's formation, and observations of phenomena like volcanism and hot springs.
The document provides a summary of bi-coastal events held by S.T. Dupont in September 2009 to support its publicity efforts in the US market. It describes a media dinner in New York City with 23 editors attending to meet with the S.T. Dupont CEO. It also details the launch of an S.T. Dupont boutique in the Davidoff store in New York during Fashion Week. In Los Angeles, it discusses a platinum sponsorship of Emmy suites where S.T. Dupont interacted with 52 celebrities and obtained press coverage. The document analyzes press attendance, coverage generated, and opportunities resulting from the events.
USENIX Security '15: All Your Biases Belong To Us: Breaking RC4 in WPA-TKIP a...vanhoefm
This document summarizes research on breaking encryption schemes that use the RC4 stream cipher. The researchers discovered new biases in the RC4 keystream that allow recovering plaintext more efficiently. They applied these biases to break WPA-TKIP encryption and decrypt HTTPS cookies. For WPA-TKIP, simulating traffic captures allowed decrypting packets and the message integrity check key within an hour. For HTTPS, biases were combined to decrypt 16-character cookies in around 75 hours by manipulating requests sent to a target site. The work significantly advances attacks against protocols still relying on the weakened RC4 cipher.
Songs Of The Righteous Spirit Men Of High Purpose ShishiMasa Nakata
This document provides an overview of "men of high purpose" (shishi) in mid-19th century Japan and their tradition of composing Chinese poetry (kanshi). It discusses how shishi emerged as nationalist figures committed to imperial causes. Many shishi bonded through their shared practice of writing kanshi, which allowed them to situate themselves within the epistemic traditions of Chinese statesmen and draw connections to one another. Over time, shishi poetry became more self-referential and focused on contemporary Japanese issues. The production of kanshi thus served to both articulate shishi identity and foster connections among them.
This document provides encouragement for people who feel that God cannot use them by listing biblical figures who had perceived flaws or difficulties but were still used by God. It notes that Noah was a drunk, Abraham was too old, Jacob was a liar, etc. and that Jesus helped them all. It concludes by saying God can use people to their full potential regardless of messages and encourages living simply, loving generously, and caring deeply while leaving the rest to God.
Jesuits textual strategies in Japan bet 1549 and 1582Masa Nakata
This document discusses the textual strategies used by Jesuit missionaries in Japan between 1549 and 1582. It notes that the Jesuits were able to gather extensive and detailed information about Japan because they lived integrated into Japanese society and studied the Japanese language. From the time of Francis Xavier's arrival, Jesuits produced a steady stream of manuscripts including letters and reports that provided Europeans with information about Japan. These texts helped spread Christianity but also conveyed cultural values from Europe. The Jesuits sent books from Europe to establish libraries in Japan containing religious and philosophical works. They also produced some early texts in Japanese to help spread their message and engage in religious disputes. Overall, the document examines how the Jesuits used writing and language skills to learn about
The document summarizes the key features of the new BMW R 1200 GS and R 1200 GS Adventure motorcycles. It describes upgrades to the engine, which now produces 81 kW (110 hp) at 7,750 rpm and 120 Nm (88 lb-ft) of torque at 6,000 rpm. The bikes have a new dual overhead camshaft engine layout and increased valve sizes. Additional features include adjustable suspension, various optional accessories, and different color options for each model.
Geo ba i_interior of earth_mixed versionavtardhillon
This document provides an overview of the interior of the Earth based on evidence from seismic waves, density variations, and volcanic activity. It discusses that the Earth is composed of three main layers - a thin crust, a thick mantle, and a dense core. The density and pressure increase greatly with depth, from around 2.7 g/cm3 in the crust to over 11 g/cm3 in the core. Temperature also increases substantially towards the center of the Earth, reaching over 2000°C in the core. Various theories have been proposed to explain the state and composition of the deep interior, but seismic data now indicates that while the outer core is liquid, the extreme pressure turns the inner core solid.
The document provides an overview of the interior of the Earth, including:
1. The Earth is divided into layers like the crust, mantle, and core. The mantle and core are each further divided into inner and outer sections.
2. Different layers have different densities, with the density increasing with depth towards the core, which has the highest density.
3. Pressure and temperature both increase greatly with depth in the Earth's interior, with the core reaching temperatures over 2000 degrees Celsius.
4. Evidence about the Earth's internal structure and conditions comes from seismic data, theories of the Earth's formation, and observations of phenomena like volcanism and hot springs.
Ix english essay_writing_3_master fileavtardhillon
Kushal has written an essay on the importance of trees. In the conclusion, he wants to motivate people to protest against cutting down trees in their neighborhood. Shyam suggests concluding by asking people to join hands to save the trees, but Kushal thinks that's too direct. They realize they should encourage people by pointing out that it is their neighborhood too and they must protect it. The summary discusses wrapping up an essay with an effective conclusion that leaves the reader with a clear message.
This document provides a 3-sentence summary of idioms in English:
The document defines idioms as phrases where the meaning cannot be determined from the individual words. It discusses how idioms add color to language and provides examples of common idioms like "turn on one's heels" and "a turning point." The document explains how idioms help create mental images and convey messages more vividly than literal language.
This document outlines new minimum standards for Bachelor of Ayurvedic Medicine and Surgery (BAMS) education in India. Some key points:
- The medium of instruction can be Hindi, English, or an officially recognized regional language.
- The BAMS program duration is 5.5 years including a 1 year pre-clinical phase and 4 clinical phases totaling 12 months each.
- 10 seats per year in the main program will be reserved for lateral entry from the pre-clinical phase.
- Students must complete all examinations and a 12 month compulsory rotatory internship to be awarded the BAMS degree.
This document presents Nepal's National Health Policy 2071. It discusses the background and history of health initiatives in Nepal. Some key achievements over the past decades include controlling many infectious diseases and reducing maternal and child mortality rates. However, challenges remain in ensuring quality health services reach all citizens, especially vulnerable groups. The policy aims to build on past gains, address current and emerging issues, and fulfill Nepal's constitutional commitment to health as a fundamental right. It outlines visions, goals and strategies to guide the health sector over the coming years through efficient use of resources and responsive management.
This document presents Nepal's National Health Policy 2071. It discusses the background and history of health initiatives in Nepal. Some key achievements in health over the past decades include controlling many infectious diseases and reducing maternal and child mortality rates. However, challenges remain around ensuring quality health services reach all citizens, especially vulnerable groups. The policy aims to build on past successes, address current and emerging issues, and fulfill Nepal's constitutional commitment to health as a fundamental right. It outlines visions, goals and strategies for improving health promotion, protection and access across the country in the coming years.
This document presents Nepal's National Health Policy 2071. It discusses the background and history of health initiatives in Nepal. Some key achievements over the past decades include controlling many infectious diseases and reducing maternal and child mortality rates. However, challenges remain in ensuring quality health services reach all citizens, especially vulnerable groups. The policy aims to build on past gains, address current and emerging issues, and fulfill Nepal's constitutional commitment to health as a fundamental right. It focuses on strengthening health systems, management, resource mobilization, and addressing diseases and health issues facing the country.
The document discusses a report submitted by a member of the Bar Council of India regarding Section 28 of Schedule 3 of the Legal Education Rules, 2008 relating to maximum age limits for admission to law programs. It notes that Section 28 has been challenged in various high courts, which have issued interim orders. The Supreme Court has dismissed review petitions against a high court order on the issue. The Punjab and Haryana High Court struck down rules regarding maximum age limits. The report recommends removing maximum age limits for admission as they violate constitutional rights. It was accepted and ordered to be published by the Bar Council of India.
This document outlines regulations created by the University Grants Commission of India regarding the prevention of sexual harassment of women employees and students at higher educational institutions. Some key points covered are:
1) Definitions of terms used such as "aggrieved woman," "Commission," "campus," and "internal complaints committee."
2) These regulations will apply to all higher educational institutions in India.
3) The regulations will be considered effective from the date of their publication in the official government gazette.
This document provides a lesson on idioms for students in class 11. It begins by explaining that idioms are phrases where the meaning cannot be determined from the individual words. The document then lists three learning objectives related to defining idioms, stating their importance, and applying their usage. Several idioms are then defined and examples are provided, including "to shoo away," "a turning point," "with a sigh," and "soar into the sky." The document emphasizes that idioms help vividly portray situations and messages. It continues defining and providing examples for additional idioms such as "a wild goose chase," "a great deal," "at any rate," "to be on fire," "broke out,"
This document provides instructions for a human values and professional ethics exam. It contains 3 sections - Section A has 10 multiple choice questions, Section B has 5 short answer questions requiring 4 marks each, and Section C has 3 long answer questions requiring 6 marks each. The exam is out of a total of 60 marks and covers topics like human values, universal human order, self-exploration, human conduct, and the four orders of nature. Students are instructed to attempt all questions from all three sections within the 3 hour time limit.
Kushal has written an essay about the importance of protecting trees in the neighborhood. In the conclusion, Kushal wants to motivate people to join hands and protest against cutting down more trees. Shyam suggests concluding by appealing to people to save the trees, but Kushal feels that is too sweet and instead wants to tell people it is their neighborhood too, so they must fight for it. The anchor then summarizes the key points of a strong conclusion: it should be concise, state an opinion, be clearly narrated, and lead to a unified summary that is original and focuses the individual nature of the content.
Non-communicable diseases like diabetes and cancer are increasing worldwide. Diabetes is a disease where the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or the body cannot use the insulin properly, resulting in high blood sugar. It can be controlled through lifestyle changes like healthy diet, exercise and weight management. Cancer is a group of diseases where abnormal cells grow uncontrollably and can spread to other parts of the body. Early detection of cancers and non-communicable diseases can help improve health outcomes. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle is important to prevent and manage these diseases.
The document summarizes Ted's story of wanting to go to the moon. As a child, Ted dreamed of seeing the stars from the moon. As an adult, Ted excelled in his studies of astronomy but was rejected from a position on the moon due to a heart condition. Despite this, Ted was determined to find a way to the moon. He discovered an old space suit and began hatching a plan to launch himself to the moon in a homemade rocket.
This document contains regulations for revised programs and curricula for Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSc Nursing) by the Indian Nursing Council.
Some key points:
- The BSc Nursing program is a 4-year full-time program with 8 semesters to train students to practice nursing and midwifery.
- The curriculum includes medical, basic, and alternative subjects and modules. Clinical skills and knowledge acquisition are emphasized.
- The revised curriculum integrates self-directed learning and competency/outcome-based approaches throughout the program.
- The program aims to develop students' skills and prepare them to safely provide services and impact patient outcomes throughout their careers.
This document contains regulations for revised programs and curricula for Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSc Nursing) by the Indian Nursing Council.
Some key points:
- The BSc Nursing program is a 4-year full-time program with 8 semesters to train students to practice nursing and midwifery.
- The curriculum includes medical, basic, and alternative subjects and modules to provide theoretical knowledge and clinical skills training.
- The program prepares nurses and midwives to provide general nursing care including midwifery practice and acquire knowledge about health, healthcare, disease management and end-of-life care.
- Students are given opportunities to learn a full range of skills in laboratories
Bồi dưỡng tiếng anh I Learn smart 8 Unit 6NhQunh645517
The document appears to provide vocabulary related to unidentified flying objects (UFOs) and aliens. It defines terms like UFO, flying saucer, and alien. It also gives examples of how the vocabulary could be used in sentences, such as "The kids were out on the street when a UFO landed" and "Aliens in movies generally have large heads and tiny eyes." The document aims to build readers' knowledge of common words used when discussing topics like UFO sightings and the possibility of extraterrestrial life.
The document contains two word searches related to words about the moon and the phases of the moon in Portuguese. It asks two questions:
1. What movement causes day and night on Earth?
2. What are the four phases of the moon? (With space for 4 answers)
The summary provides a high-level overview of the content and purpose of the document in 3 sentences.
The document contains a word search puzzle with words related to the Moon in Portuguese. It also contains two questions asking about the Earth's rotation and the Moon's phases.
जब हम गरीब की परिभाषा धन के अभाव पर करते है तो धनवान व्यक्ति पर भी धन का अभाव होने के कारण उसकी भी गिनती गरीब में होनी चाहिए या फिर गरीब की जगह जरूरतमंद शब्द का प्रयोग होना चाहिए
Eng xii transformation of sentences part 2 master_129avtardhillon
Here are the completed compound sentences with coordinating conjunctions:
1. My dog likes to eat grass, even though she's not allowed to eat grass inside.
2. The dog likes to play fetch, while the cat likes to roll in the grass.
3. Samuel seldom thinks for himself, so he is always not presentable in his appearance.
4. My mother follows her horoscope, but my father does not follow horoscopes.
5. The media often exaggerates events and promote sales. The teacher is not always right, nor is she perfect.
The document discusses active and passive voices in sentences. It provides examples of sentences written in both active and passive voices. It explains that in active voice, the subject performs the action, while in passive voice, the subject receives the action. It also discusses the rules for changing a sentence from active to passive voice, such as making the object the subject and using the past participle of the verb. The document aims to help learners properly identify and construct sentences in both voices.
Ix english essay_writing_3_master fileavtardhillon
Kushal has written an essay on the importance of trees. In the conclusion, he wants to motivate people to protest against cutting down trees in their neighborhood. Shyam suggests concluding by asking people to join hands to save the trees, but Kushal thinks that's too direct. They realize they should encourage people by pointing out that it is their neighborhood too and they must protect it. The summary discusses wrapping up an essay with an effective conclusion that leaves the reader with a clear message.
This document provides a 3-sentence summary of idioms in English:
The document defines idioms as phrases where the meaning cannot be determined from the individual words. It discusses how idioms add color to language and provides examples of common idioms like "turn on one's heels" and "a turning point." The document explains how idioms help create mental images and convey messages more vividly than literal language.
This document outlines new minimum standards for Bachelor of Ayurvedic Medicine and Surgery (BAMS) education in India. Some key points:
- The medium of instruction can be Hindi, English, or an officially recognized regional language.
- The BAMS program duration is 5.5 years including a 1 year pre-clinical phase and 4 clinical phases totaling 12 months each.
- 10 seats per year in the main program will be reserved for lateral entry from the pre-clinical phase.
- Students must complete all examinations and a 12 month compulsory rotatory internship to be awarded the BAMS degree.
This document presents Nepal's National Health Policy 2071. It discusses the background and history of health initiatives in Nepal. Some key achievements over the past decades include controlling many infectious diseases and reducing maternal and child mortality rates. However, challenges remain in ensuring quality health services reach all citizens, especially vulnerable groups. The policy aims to build on past gains, address current and emerging issues, and fulfill Nepal's constitutional commitment to health as a fundamental right. It outlines visions, goals and strategies to guide the health sector over the coming years through efficient use of resources and responsive management.
This document presents Nepal's National Health Policy 2071. It discusses the background and history of health initiatives in Nepal. Some key achievements in health over the past decades include controlling many infectious diseases and reducing maternal and child mortality rates. However, challenges remain around ensuring quality health services reach all citizens, especially vulnerable groups. The policy aims to build on past successes, address current and emerging issues, and fulfill Nepal's constitutional commitment to health as a fundamental right. It outlines visions, goals and strategies for improving health promotion, protection and access across the country in the coming years.
This document presents Nepal's National Health Policy 2071. It discusses the background and history of health initiatives in Nepal. Some key achievements over the past decades include controlling many infectious diseases and reducing maternal and child mortality rates. However, challenges remain in ensuring quality health services reach all citizens, especially vulnerable groups. The policy aims to build on past gains, address current and emerging issues, and fulfill Nepal's constitutional commitment to health as a fundamental right. It focuses on strengthening health systems, management, resource mobilization, and addressing diseases and health issues facing the country.
The document discusses a report submitted by a member of the Bar Council of India regarding Section 28 of Schedule 3 of the Legal Education Rules, 2008 relating to maximum age limits for admission to law programs. It notes that Section 28 has been challenged in various high courts, which have issued interim orders. The Supreme Court has dismissed review petitions against a high court order on the issue. The Punjab and Haryana High Court struck down rules regarding maximum age limits. The report recommends removing maximum age limits for admission as they violate constitutional rights. It was accepted and ordered to be published by the Bar Council of India.
This document outlines regulations created by the University Grants Commission of India regarding the prevention of sexual harassment of women employees and students at higher educational institutions. Some key points covered are:
1) Definitions of terms used such as "aggrieved woman," "Commission," "campus," and "internal complaints committee."
2) These regulations will apply to all higher educational institutions in India.
3) The regulations will be considered effective from the date of their publication in the official government gazette.
This document provides a lesson on idioms for students in class 11. It begins by explaining that idioms are phrases where the meaning cannot be determined from the individual words. The document then lists three learning objectives related to defining idioms, stating their importance, and applying their usage. Several idioms are then defined and examples are provided, including "to shoo away," "a turning point," "with a sigh," and "soar into the sky." The document emphasizes that idioms help vividly portray situations and messages. It continues defining and providing examples for additional idioms such as "a wild goose chase," "a great deal," "at any rate," "to be on fire," "broke out,"
This document provides instructions for a human values and professional ethics exam. It contains 3 sections - Section A has 10 multiple choice questions, Section B has 5 short answer questions requiring 4 marks each, and Section C has 3 long answer questions requiring 6 marks each. The exam is out of a total of 60 marks and covers topics like human values, universal human order, self-exploration, human conduct, and the four orders of nature. Students are instructed to attempt all questions from all three sections within the 3 hour time limit.
Kushal has written an essay about the importance of protecting trees in the neighborhood. In the conclusion, Kushal wants to motivate people to join hands and protest against cutting down more trees. Shyam suggests concluding by appealing to people to save the trees, but Kushal feels that is too sweet and instead wants to tell people it is their neighborhood too, so they must fight for it. The anchor then summarizes the key points of a strong conclusion: it should be concise, state an opinion, be clearly narrated, and lead to a unified summary that is original and focuses the individual nature of the content.
Non-communicable diseases like diabetes and cancer are increasing worldwide. Diabetes is a disease where the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or the body cannot use the insulin properly, resulting in high blood sugar. It can be controlled through lifestyle changes like healthy diet, exercise and weight management. Cancer is a group of diseases where abnormal cells grow uncontrollably and can spread to other parts of the body. Early detection of cancers and non-communicable diseases can help improve health outcomes. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle is important to prevent and manage these diseases.
The document summarizes Ted's story of wanting to go to the moon. As a child, Ted dreamed of seeing the stars from the moon. As an adult, Ted excelled in his studies of astronomy but was rejected from a position on the moon due to a heart condition. Despite this, Ted was determined to find a way to the moon. He discovered an old space suit and began hatching a plan to launch himself to the moon in a homemade rocket.
This document contains regulations for revised programs and curricula for Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSc Nursing) by the Indian Nursing Council.
Some key points:
- The BSc Nursing program is a 4-year full-time program with 8 semesters to train students to practice nursing and midwifery.
- The curriculum includes medical, basic, and alternative subjects and modules. Clinical skills and knowledge acquisition are emphasized.
- The revised curriculum integrates self-directed learning and competency/outcome-based approaches throughout the program.
- The program aims to develop students' skills and prepare them to safely provide services and impact patient outcomes throughout their careers.
This document contains regulations for revised programs and curricula for Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSc Nursing) by the Indian Nursing Council.
Some key points:
- The BSc Nursing program is a 4-year full-time program with 8 semesters to train students to practice nursing and midwifery.
- The curriculum includes medical, basic, and alternative subjects and modules to provide theoretical knowledge and clinical skills training.
- The program prepares nurses and midwives to provide general nursing care including midwifery practice and acquire knowledge about health, healthcare, disease management and end-of-life care.
- Students are given opportunities to learn a full range of skills in laboratories
Bồi dưỡng tiếng anh I Learn smart 8 Unit 6NhQunh645517
The document appears to provide vocabulary related to unidentified flying objects (UFOs) and aliens. It defines terms like UFO, flying saucer, and alien. It also gives examples of how the vocabulary could be used in sentences, such as "The kids were out on the street when a UFO landed" and "Aliens in movies generally have large heads and tiny eyes." The document aims to build readers' knowledge of common words used when discussing topics like UFO sightings and the possibility of extraterrestrial life.
The document contains two word searches related to words about the moon and the phases of the moon in Portuguese. It asks two questions:
1. What movement causes day and night on Earth?
2. What are the four phases of the moon? (With space for 4 answers)
The summary provides a high-level overview of the content and purpose of the document in 3 sentences.
The document contains a word search puzzle with words related to the Moon in Portuguese. It also contains two questions asking about the Earth's rotation and the Moon's phases.
जब हम गरीब की परिभाषा धन के अभाव पर करते है तो धनवान व्यक्ति पर भी धन का अभाव होने के कारण उसकी भी गिनती गरीब में होनी चाहिए या फिर गरीब की जगह जरूरतमंद शब्द का प्रयोग होना चाहिए
Eng xii transformation of sentences part 2 master_129avtardhillon
Here are the completed compound sentences with coordinating conjunctions:
1. My dog likes to eat grass, even though she's not allowed to eat grass inside.
2. The dog likes to play fetch, while the cat likes to roll in the grass.
3. Samuel seldom thinks for himself, so he is always not presentable in his appearance.
4. My mother follows her horoscope, but my father does not follow horoscopes.
5. The media often exaggerates events and promote sales. The teacher is not always right, nor is she perfect.
The document discusses active and passive voices in sentences. It provides examples of sentences written in both active and passive voices. It explains that in active voice, the subject performs the action, while in passive voice, the subject receives the action. It also discusses the rules for changing a sentence from active to passive voice, such as making the object the subject and using the past participle of the verb. The document aims to help learners properly identify and construct sentences in both voices.
This document provides a summary of Nehru's Will and Testament by Jawahar Lal Nehru:
1. Nehru expresses that he does not want any religious ceremonies performed after his death, as he does not believe in them and thinks submitting to them would be hypocritical.
2. He wishes for his body to be cremated after death, and for his ashes to either be scattered in the Ganges river or disposed of in a specific manner without retaining any part of the ashes.
3. The passage examines Nehru's final wishes regarding ceremonies after his death and disposition of his remains, demonstrating his secular beliefs and rejection of religious rituals.
1) This document discusses the active and passive voices in English grammar.
2) In the active voice, the subject of the sentence performs the action stated by the verb. In the passive voice, the subject is not the performer of the action and the action is done upon it.
3) Examples are provided to illustrate sentences written in the active and passive voices. Learners are then asked questions to help them identify the voice in given sentences and distinguish subjects that perform actions from those that do not.
Eng xii transformation of sentences part i_128 master frozenavtardhillon
The document provides an overview of a lesson on transforming sentences. The learning objectives are to define different types of sentences and sentence components. Examples are given to distinguish between a subject and predicate in simple sentences. Exercises are included for students to practice identifying subjects and predicates, and changing simple sentences into compound or complex sentences.
The document discusses common errors made in English grammar. It begins by explaining why such errors are commonly made and provides examples of errors with parts of speech like nouns, verbs, adjectives. It then examines specific areas where errors typically occur, such as with homonyms, punctuation, plural vs. possessive forms, subject-verb agreement, and common misspellings. The document aims to help students identify and avoid frequent grammatical mistakes.
Xii transformation of sentences part 2 129-revisedavtardhillon
Here are the responses with added independent clauses:
1. I finished my homework, and __I went outside to play__.
2. The dog barked loudly, but __the owner did not hear it__.
3. We went to the beach, or __we could have gone to the park__.
4. I ate an apple, so __I was not hungry for lunch__.
5. She studied all night, nor __did she get enough sleep__.
ANCHOR
Very good students.
You have done it correctly.
Now let us do one more exercise.
VO WITH TEXT ON SCREEN
EXERCISE 2
Identify the type of each sentence - simple,
This document provides a breakdown of the typical marks or sections of a letter and the associated mark values. The body of the letter usually receives the most marks at 6, while the address and date, salutation, subscription, and name of the writer each receive 1 mark or less. The total expected marks for a letter is 10.
Here are the key points about the content or body of a letter:
- It is the main or central part of the letter where the main purpose or theme is discussed.
- In a private letter, the content can be about sharing news, asking questions, requesting something etc. based on the relationship between the writer and recipient.
- In an official letter, the content must be clear, concise and relevant to the purpose of writing the letter like applying for a job, requesting information, making a complaint etc.
- It is written in paragraphs with the most important point discussed first followed by supporting details.
- Factual information, examples or references may be included to strengthen the message.
- The
The document discusses Jawahar Lal Nehru's essay on "The Variety and Unity of India", noting that while India is extremely diverse in its people's physical appearances, languages, foods, and customs depending on their state or region, they also share common bonds and qualities that make them distinctly Indian, and the conception of nationalism has become an increasingly uniting force. It explores examples of differences between groups like Tamils and Pathans as well as similarities in customs between border regions and neighboring countries.
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Contiguity Of Various Message Forms - Rupam Chandra.pptx
Geo interior of the earth anchor
1. Punjab Edusat Society Production
SUBJECT : GEOGRAPHY
CLASS : BA PART I
CHAPTER : EARTH
TOPIC : INTERIOR OF THE EARTH
Cut to ANCHOR 1:
Hello Students! Welcome to today’s module-Interior of the Earth. You all must
have got a fair idea after seeing the visuals that the elementary knowledge of
constitution of the Earth is necessary to understand the nature of changes taking
place on the Earth’s surface. Could you ponder over the thought that what
constitutes the interior of the earth? What is the nature of the surface of the
earth? Or why is it that when Volcano erupts it emits hot, molten lava? We are
going to unfold reasons to all these queries. But first of all, let me share with you
the learning objectives for today’s lesson.
Cut to Anchor 2
ftfdnkoEhU eh s[;hI ikDd/ j' fe Xosh d/ roG ftZu eh j?< fJj ftFk G{r'b ftfrnkBh
ns/ ftfrnkBhnK bJh F{o[ s'I jh fyZu dk e/Ido pfDnk fojk j?. id''I i{b; toB/ B/ 1864
s'I @Xosh d/ roG tb :ksok# (Journey to the centre of the Earth) fbyh U[d''I Xosh
d/ roG dh gqfeqsh fej' fijh j? fJ; pko/ eJh fto'Xh f;XKs gquZbs ;B. e[M
G{ftfrnkBh ;'ud/ ;B fe Xosh pj[s f}nkdk dZphnK j'JhnK r?;K dk r'bk j? id fe eJh
j'o nfijk nB[wkB bkT[Id/ ;B fe fJ; ftu tyo'-tZyo/ gdkoEK dhnK gosK jB. j[D brgr
fJe ;dh pknd th ;kv/ e'b e'Jh f;ZXk ;p{s BjhI, fi; okjhI d; ;ehJ/ fe Xosh fe; uh}
dh pDh j'Jh j?. Xosh d/ roG pko/ ;kvh ikDekoh ngosy ftfrnkBe gqwkDK s/
nkXkfos j?. fJ;s'I gfjbK fe n;hI tZyo/-tZyo/ ;p{sK s/ ftuko eohJ/, nkU gfjbK
Xosh dh ouBk pko/ gqkgs ikDekoh s/ T[gobh B}o wkfoJ/ .
The Earth is divided into different layers like a giant onion, each with its own
particular characteristics. Take a look at the slides to see the visual on structure
of the Earth.
Cut to Anchor 3:
There are few direct as well as some indirect evidences about the structure of the
Earth. As regards physical conditions, direct evidence is available from mines,
which do not extend beyond a depth of 4km. So our knowledge about the interior
1
3. o;kfJfDe feqnktK ns/ j'o eJh ekoDK Bkb Xosh dk nzdobk fjZ;k row ofjzdk j?.
fJ; soQK skgwkB dh do ftu fJe' fijk tkXk BjhI j[zdk .n;hI Xosh dh ;sj s'I EZb/
iKd/ jK sK skgwkB ;wkB o{g ftZu BjhI tZXdk.
.
Cut to Anchor 7
r?o e[dosh ;o'sK( fiBQK dk f}eo n;hI gfjbK jh eo u{e/ jK) s'I fJbktk Xosh dh
T[sgsh pko/ tZy'-tZyo/ f;XKs Gh Xosh d/ rop pko/ gqwkD fdzd/ jB.
Cut to Anchor 8
Various scholars of different fields have put forward different hypothesis and
theories related to the origin of the Earth. They have assumed the original form of
the Earth to be in solid or liquid or gaseous state.
According to the Planetesimal hypothesis proposed by Thomas Chamberlin and
Forest Moulton in 1905, the planets of the Solar System have emerged from an
encounter between the Sun and another star. In this scenario, the gravity of the
passing star tears a series of bolts from the solar surface. Bolts coming from the
side nearer the star are thrown out to distances while those from the far side of
the Sun are ejected less violently.
The outer part is expanded and cooled into a huge cloud of solid particles spread
out in a disk rotating about the Sun in a plane determined by the motion of the
passing star. Thus, the views of Planetesimals can be summarised as
Cut to Anchor 9
Now, according to James Jeans and Harold Jeffreys, the propounder of Tidal
hypothesis, the origin of the solar system is a result of a close encounter
between the Sun and a second star. However, they differed significantly from the
planetesimal hypothesis.
As a result of a detailed mathematical analysis, Jeans concluded in 1916 that the
tidal interaction between the Sun and a passing star would raise tides on the Sun
resulting in the loss of a single cigar-shaped filament of hot gas, rather than
separate streams of gas as in the Chamberlin and Moulton scenario. This hot
gas would then condense directly into the planets instead of going through a
planetesimal stage. The central section of the "cigar" would give rise to the
largest planets – Jupiter and Saturn – while the tapering ends would provide the
substance for the smaller worlds. Thus, the views of Tidal hypothesis can be
summarised as:
Cut to Anchor 10
3
4. Apart from Tidal and Planetesimal hypothesis, there is one more hypothesis that
became very popular during the 18th century called as Nebular hypothesis
proposed by Kant and Laplace. According to Kant, great cloud of gas and dust,
called as nebula, begins to collapse because the gravitational force overcomes
the forces associated with gas pressure that would like to expand it. Thus, the
views of Tidal hypothesis can be summarised as:
Cut to Anchor 11
Based on the different hypothesis, it can be presumed that the Earth, along with
the other planets, is believed to have been born 4.5 billion years ago as a
solidified cloud of dust and gases left over from the creation of the Sun. For
perhaps 500 million years, the interior of Earth stayed solid and relatively cool.
The main ingredients, according to the best available evidence, were iron and
silicates, with small amounts of other elements, some of them being radioactive.
As millions of years passed, energy released by radioactive decay—mostly of
uranium, thorium, and potassium—gradually heated Earth, melting some of its
constituents. The iron melted before the silicates, and, being heavier, sank
towards the centre. Now we move on to the natural sources of interior earth.
Cut to Anchor 12
Xosh dh ouBk ~ ;wMD bJh itkbk w[yhnK dh e[dosh gqfefonk ftfrnkBh bJh
nfXn?B dk w[y ;o's ojh j?. e[M ftfrnkBh ftFtk; eod/ jB fe id'I row s/ sob bktk
itkbk w[yh d/ cND Bkb Xosh dh ;sj s/ c?bdk j? sK fJj ;wfMnk ik ;edk j? fe Xosh
dh ;sj d/ EZb/ fJe gos nfijh th j? i' sob o{g ftu j?. fJ; sob ;sj ~ w?rwk u?Ipo fejk
iKdk j? i' fe itkbk w[yh d/ cND s/ w?rwk (T[bpdk sob) s/ bktk eZYdh j?. fJ;
nzdk}/ nB[;ko fJj Bshik eZfYnk ik ;edk j? fe Xosh dk e[ZM fjZ;k sob j?.
d{i/ gk;/ dpk d/ tZXD Bkb uNkBK dk melting point tZX iKdk j?. fJ; soQK Xosh
nzdo pj[s f}nkdk skgwkB j'D d/ pkti{d th Xosh dk nzdo{Bh fjZ;k sob BjhI j? fJ;
dk ekoD U[gobh gosK dk Gko s/ dpkt j? . go g/gVh d/ pko pko N[ZND ekoB
nzdo{Bh uZNkBK dk melting point xZN iKdk j? fi; ekoD uZNkBK fgxb iKfdnK
jB fit/I fe n;h ikDd/ jK fe U[ZE/ b'VhIdk T[^u skgwkB gfjbK jh w"i{d j?. fJT[I
itkbk w[yh dh eko}Fhbsk Xosh d/ roG d/ nfXn?B dk :'r ;p{s BjhI g/F eo ;edh.
eh s[jk~ gsk j? fe Seismology (;hf}wkb'ih- G{ukb-ftfrnkB) dk eh noE j?<
fJj G{ukbh sozrK s/ ;[Gkt ~ ;wMD dk ftfrnkB j?. fJBQK G[ukbh sozrK ~
;hf}w'rqkc Bkwe :zso okjhI wkfgnk iKdk j?. fJj ftFtkF ehsk iKdk j? fe ;hf}wkb'ih
jh nfijk ;o's j? i' Xosh d/ roG dh ;zouBk pko/ mhe ikDekoh d/ ;edk j?. s[;hI ;ko/
4
5. G{ukb dh ouBk pko/ ikDd/ j't'r/. Xosh d/ nzdo fi; EK G[ukb F[o{ j[zdk j? T[;~
c'e; efjzd/ jB ns/ G{ukbh sozrk Xosh dh ;sj wfj;{; ehshnK ikdhnK jB. ftfrnkBe
nfXn?B s'I fJ; rb dk gsk bZfrnk j? fe id'I fJj G{ukbh sozrK Xosh d/ nzdob/ tZy-
tZy GkrK EkDhI bzxdh jB sK fJBQK sozrK d/ t/r ns/ fdFk ftu pdbkU nkT[Idk j?.
fJBQK dk behaviour (toskok) fJe wkfXnw s'I d{i/ wkfXnw ftu nkT[D s/ pdb iKdk
j?. Gkt m'; ftZu fJj j'o soQK behave eo dhnK jB ns/ sob ftu j'o soQK.
fJj G{ukbh sozrk fszB soQK dhnK jB L
w{b iK bzpdko sozrk(Primary or Longitudinal waves),
r"D sozrk(Secondary waves) ns/
bzphnK sozrk iK ;sjh sozrk (Long waves or Surface waves)
Slide t/y' ns/ jo fJe d/ r[DK dh ikBekoh bU[ -
Cut to Anchor 13
Take a look at the slides to observe the characteristics of each:
Cut to Anchor 14
fJBQK fuZsoK okjhI s[;hI t/y ;ed/ fe id'I fJj G[ukb sozrkI Xosh d/ nzdo
ubdhnK jB sK fJBQK d/ ;[Gkn ftZu eh coe nKU[Idk j?. ;bkfJvk (slide) ~ fXnkB
bk e/ ty'.
Cut to Anchor 15
As you saw the behaviour of seismic waves in the visuals, it is apparent that
earthquake waves are bent, like light passing through a piece of glass, when they
traverse rock boundaries with different densities. If the waves hit the boundary at
a low angle, they are reflected instead. Waves from distant earthquakes emerge
steeply through the crust while those from earthquakes nearby emerge at
shallow angles. By knowing these angles, the velocities at which the waves
emerge, their times of arrival and distances travelled, geophysicist have been
able to compute the positions and densities of the earth’s different shells.
On the above bases, it can be summed up that compressional or P waves cause
the rock particles through which they pass to shake back and forth in the
direction of the wave. While Shear waves or Secondary waves make the
particles vibrate at right angles to the direction of their passage. Neither types of
seismic waves physically move the particles; instead it merely travels through
5
6. them. It is L waves that produce the most violent shocks. The Richter scale is
used to measure the magnitude of earthquakes. The scale of magnitudes is so
arranged that each unit on the scale is equivalent to 30 times the energy
released by the previous unit. A magnitude of 2 is hardly felt, while a magnitude
of 7 is the lower limit of an earthquake that has a devastating effect over a large
area.
It is thus obvious that seismology is the only source, which provides us authentic
information about the composition of the Earth’s interior. In the light of this, the
nature and properties of the composition of the interior of the earth may be
successfully obtained on the basis of the study of various aspects of seismic
waves.
Cut to Anchor 16
;' fJj ;G e[M frnkB d/ ;o's ;h i' Xosh d/ roG Bkb ;zpzfXs jB. fJBQK ;p{sK ~
fXnkB ftZu oZyfdnK n;hI Xosh dh ouBk pko/ e[M nkw fBu'V eZY ;ed/ jK.
fit/I n;hI gsk ehsk j? fe Xosh dk nzdobk skg s/ dpkn, G[ukb sozrk dk t/r s/
okj, ;k~ Xosh dh nzdo{Bh ouBk d/ fGzB- fGzB G'fse r[DK, xDsk ns/ ;zxNeK
pko/ ikDekoh d/Idk j?. ;sj s/ gkJhnK iKdhnK uNkBK dh xDsk nzdobh ;sj s'I pj[s
xZN j?. o;kfJfDe pDso nB{;ko g/gVh jbehnK XksK d/ f;bhe/N s'I pDh j'Jh j?
ns/ w?INb f}nkdkso b'j/ ns/ fwFo XksK d/ f;bhe/N jB. ftfGzB G{-ftfrnkfBeK ns/
G{r'b ftfrnkBhnK fit/I fe n?vtov ;[n?; (Edward Suess), nkoHJ/H vkbh
(R.A.Daly), i?coh (Jeffrey)ns/ j'w; (Holmes) B/ o;kfJfDe ;zxDsk d/ nkXko #s/
Xosh dh nzdo{Bh ouBk pko/ nB{wkB bkJ/ jB. ;' nkU Xosh dh nzdo{Bh ouBk
d/ ;zxDe pko/ ;[n?; (Suess) d/ ftukoK s'I rb F[o{ eohJ/L
Cut to ANCHOR 17:
j[D se n;hI fJj ikfDnk fe Xosh dh ;sj s/ e'o ~ tZyohnK gosK iK fjZf;nK ftZu
tzfvnk ik ;edk j? 1940 ftZu nkoHJ/Hvkb/ B/ Xosh d/ nzdo{Bh fjZ;/ ~ uko gosK
ftZu tzfvnk. nkU fJ; G{-ftfrnkBh d/ fynkbK ~ tkuhJ/.
Cut to ANCHOR 18:
6
8. So finally we have completed our today’s module-Interior of the Earth. But before
I assess you all I will give a brief recapitulation of the whole content. Let’s see
what we have learnt so far.
Cut to Anchor 24:
Xosh rqfj fszB w[Zy gosk dk pfDnk j'fJnk j?. fJe gsbh g/gVh, w?INb ns/ e'o.
Xosh d/ nzdo{Bh fjZ;/ d[nkb/ gsbh uNkB ~ g/gVh efjzd/ jB. T[gobh g/gVh i' fe
wjKdhgK T[go j[zdh j?, T[;~ f;n?b(Sial) efjzd/ jB. idfe wjKdhgk dh f;n?b d/ EZb/
ns/ ;w[zdo dh sbh T[go f;w?( Sima) j[zdh j?. w?INb dh gos, g/gVh d/ EZb/
j[zdh j?. w?INb dh ;zxDsk g/gVh s'I pj[s f}nkdk j[zdh j? fi; ekoB fJj G{ukbh
sozrk bJh gfotofss ;sj pD iKdh j?. fJ; ;sj ~ w'jo'ftf;; Gzrsk(Mohorovicic
discontinuity) eoe/ ikfDnk iKdk j?.
Xosh d/ e/Ido ftu e'o j[zdk j? fi; dh xDsk w?INb s'I d[rDh j[zdh j?. feT[fe
fJ; d/ ;zxNB Xks{ (b'jk-fBeb fwFo Xks{) jB. Xosh dk e'o d' fBFfus fjZf;nK ftZu
j?. pkjobk sob (fgxfbnk) e'o ns/ nzdobk m'; e'o.
Xosh dh nzdo{Bh fjZf;nK dh ;kvh ikDekoh ngos] ftfrnkBe gqwkDk s/
nkXkfos j?. fi;~ fszB fjZf;nK ftZu tzfvnk ik ;edk j?. @r?o e[dosh ;o's, Xosh dh
T[sgsh pko/ f;XKsK ftu'I gqwkD ns/ e[dosh ;o's fi; soQK fe itkbk w[yh ns/
;hf}wkb'ih. ;hf}wkb'ih jh fJe nfijk ;o's j? i' ;k~ Xosh d/ nzdo d/ ;zxNeK dh mhe
o{g ftZu ikDekoh d/Idk j?. G{ukbh sozrk fszB torK ftZu oZyhnK rJhnK jB, w{b,
r"D ns/ ;sjh sozrk. fJj sozrK xDe pdbkU dh EK s/ ngtofss j' iKdhnK jB ns/ fJT[I
Xosh d/ nzdo N/vk o;sk ngBkT[IdhnK jB. ftfGzB G{-ftfrnkBh fit/I ;[n?;, vkbh, i?
coh ns/ j'bw} B/ Xosh dhnK gosK dh ouBk pko/ ftuko fdZs/ jB. n?vtov ;[n?;
(Edward Suess) B/ Xosh d/ nzdo dh o;kfJfDe ;zxNBk pko/ ukBDk gkfJnk j?.
nkoHJ/HvkbhH(R A Daly) B/ rfjokJh s/ xDsk d/ nkXko s/ Xosh dhnK uko gosK
wzBhnK. G{-ftfrnkBh nkoEo j'bw} (Arthur Holmes) B/ w[y d' gosk wzBhnk,
g/gVh ns/ ;p;Nq/NZw (Crust and Substratum). G{ukbh sozrk d/ n?fXn?B s'I pknd
fJBQK ftukoK ~ oZd ehsk frnk j? ns/ j[D nk]o ;hf}wkb'ih (Seismology) Xosh dh
nzdo{Bh ikDekoh bJh ;G s'I uzrk ;o's wzBh iKdh j?.
Cut to ANCHOR 25
So we have explored in detail about the inside Earth. Here’s a quick fire round
test for you to find out how much you have learnt. Let’s begin: keep your thinking
caps on!
Cut to Anchor 26:
8
9. I am confident that you have all scored well. I hope you enjoyed the lesson as
much as I did and are looking forward to the next class. Thank you for your
attention and see you next time.
9