The document provides an overview of genetics, emphasizing the study of inheritance and the role of genes. It introduces key concepts such as alleles, genotypes, DNA, and chromosomes while highlighting Gregor Mendel's foundational contributions to the field. Additionally, it explains how genes influence traits and their importance in biological functions and heredity.

1. GENETICS:
INTRO TO GENES
Science
Presentation

2. GENETICS
Genetics is termed as the study to
understand the functioning of
inheritance of traits from parents to
offspring.
The groundwork on which heredity stands is known as inheritance.
It is defined as the procedure by which characteristics are handed
down from one generation to the other.

3. VARIATIONS
Genetic variation can be
defined as the genetic
makeup of organisms
within a population
change.

4. GREGOR JOHANN MENDEL
Gregor Mendel was an Austrian monk
who discovered the basic principles of
heredity through experiments in his
garden. Mendel's observations became
the foundation of modern genetics and
the study of heredity, and he is widely
considered a pioneer in the field of
genetics.

5. Mendelian Genetics reviews the basic laws of inheritance
that were described by Gregor Mendel.
Molecolur genetics deals with the chemical nature of the
gene, the mechanisms of transmission, and its varied
applications. Population genetics focuses on the behavior
of a particular gene in a group of organisms and how gene
frequently is affected by environmental factors.

6. WHAT ARE GENES?
Genes are small units of information
inside our cells that contain
instructions for how our bodies
develop and function.
They 'code' for traits like our eye
color, hair color, and height.

7. ALLELE
An allele is a particular form of a gene
and they are passed from parents to
their offspring.

8. GENOTYPE
the combination of two alleles, one
received from each parent.

11. WHAT IS DNA?
DNA is a molecule that carries genetic
information in living organisms. It
looks like a twisted ladder (double
helix) and is found inside the nucleus
of our cells.
DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid.

12. G
THE GENETIC CODE
The genetic code is like a language
that DNA uses to give instructions
to cells.
C

13. All genetic code is made up of combinations of
four chemical units called nucleotides:
ADENINE (A)
THYMINE (T)
CYTOSINE (C)
GUANINE (G)

14. Adenine pairs with
Thymine (A with T)
Guanine pairs with
Cytosine (G with C)

15. WHAT DOES THE
CODE TRANSLATE
TO?
A, C, G and T occurs in different
combinations to code for a specific amino
acid.
Amino acids are the building blocks for proteins. This
means our DNA codes for different proteins that
perform specific functions in our body.

16. Chromosomes are long, thread-like structures
made up of DNA and proteins. They carry
many genes and are found inside the nucleus
of our cells.
Genes are segments of DNA located
on structures called chromosomes.
WHERE DO OUR
GENES LIVE?

18. FUN FACT
Humans
typically have
46
chromosomes,
which come in
pairs, with 23
inherited from
each parent.

19. We need genes because they
contain the instructions for
building and maintaining our
bodies.
WHY DO WE NEED
GENES?
They also play a crucial role in
passing traits from parents to
children through reproduction.

20. GREGOR JOHANN MENDEL
• Father of Genetics
• Studied pea plant
• they grow rapidly, have 7 easy to
observe contrasting traits, can self-
pollinate (fertilize itself), cross
pollinate (fertilize different plant)