Gene expression Control II - Explain how the nucleosome structure can influence transcription factor binding to the DNA. -Describe the components of a regulatory region for a typical eukaryotic gene and how they can interact with each other to regulate transcription. -Know the difference among transcription factors. co-activators and co-repressors. Explain how they can interact together to form a regulatory complex. Keep in mind that often transcription factors can participate to different regulatory complexes with opposite outcome on transcription (On/Off) because what matters is the final structure and function of the complex as a whole. -Describe the function of noncoding RNA in the complexes regulating transcription. - Explain the different mechanisms of chromatin structure modification that facilitate binding of transcriptional regulators. -Describe how a transcription factor can release the RNA polymerase from the promoter to initiate transcription or to release a paused RNA Polymerase (which will start transcribing again). Explain why it can be an advantage to have the RNA Polymerase and the initiation complex already assembled on the DNA, even if paused. -Explain how transcriptional synergy between regulators works and what is the outcome on the rate of transcription Describe the molecular processes that can decrease or shut down transcription (repression). escribe how insulator elements (DNA sequences) and their insulator-binding protein can prevent the gulatory complexes of neighboring genes to interfere with their regulation..

1. Gene expression Control II - Explain how the nucleosome structure can influence transcription
factor binding to the DNA. -Describe the components of a regulatory region for a typical
eukaryotic gene and how they can interact with each other to regulate transcription. -Know the
difference among transcription factors. co-activators and co-repressors. Explain how they can
interact together to form a regulatory complex. Keep in mind that often transcription factors can
participate to different regulatory complexes with opposite outcome on transcription (On/Off)
because what matters is the final structure and function of the complex as a whole. -Describe the
function of noncoding RNA in the complexes regulating transcription. - Explain the different
mechanisms of chromatin structure modification that facilitate binding of transcriptional
regulators. -Describe how a transcription factor can release the RNA polymerase from the
promoter to initiate transcription or to release a paused RNA Polymerase (which will start
transcribing again). Explain why it can be an advantage to have the RNA Polymerase and the
initiation complex already assembled on the DNA, even if paused. -Explain how transcriptional
synergy between regulators works and what is the outcome on the rate of transcription Describe
the molecular processes that can decrease or shut down transcription (repression). escribe how
insulator elements (DNA sequences) and their insulator-binding protein can prevent the gulatory
complexes of neighboring genes to interfere with their regulation.