1. UNIVERSITY OF THE
PUNJAB
Subject: Gender Studies
GROUP NO.# 04
Group members: Areej Jamal
Atika Saeed
Tahreem Fatima
Maniha Iqbal
Afia Mushtaq
Subject Teacher: Sir Uzair
3. Gender-based violence:
• It can also be defined as it is directed against a
person because of that person's gender or
violence that affects person of a particular
gender disproportionately.
• Gender-based violence, especially when it's
directed towards women, is a glaring example of
how power imbalances between men and
women play out in society.
• GBV refers to harmful actions or behaviors that
are directed at an individual or a group of people
based on their gender.
4. Violence against women is recognized as a breach of their basic
human rights and a type of unfair treatment. It encompasses all kinds
of violence rooted in gender differences that lead to or could lead to:
1.Physical harm
2.Sexual harm
3.Psychological harm
4.Economic harm
5.Suffering for women
This violence isn't limited to just physical abuse; it also includes
sexual, emotional, and financial harm. It can happen within families or
households, affecting women, men, or children living together. While
women and girls are the primary victims of this kind of violence, it also
deeply hurts families and communities as a whole.
5. The UN Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women
defines violence against women as:
“any act of gender-based violence that results in, or is likely to result
in, physical, sexual or psychological harm or suffering to women,
including threats of such acts, coercion or arbitrary deprivation of
liberty, whether occurring in public or in private life4”.
Gender-based violence is a widespread problem that impacts
people of all genders, but it's most commonly directed at women
and girls. It comes in many forms, like physical, sexual, mental,
or financial abuse, and can happen in different places like at
home, work, in public, or online.
6. E M O T I O N A L A N D
P H Y S I C A L
I M P A C T S
IMPACT OF GENDER BASED
VOILENCE:
P S Y C H O L O G I C A L
I M P A C T S
E C O N O M I C A L
I M P A C T S
S O C I A L
I M P A C T S
7. P S Y C H O L O G I C A L I M P A C T S :
Gender-based violence (GBV) can have severe psychological impacts on the survivors,
affecting their mental and emotional well-being. These psychological consequences
can be long-lasting and vary in severity.
• Survivors of GBV may develop PTSD, which is a
mental health condition characterized by flashbacks,
nightmares, severe anxiety.
PTSD can interfere with daily functioning and quality of
life.
• the person often experience feelings of profound
sadness, hopelessness, and helplessness.
• Depression can lead to social withdrawal and a loss of
interest in previously enjoyed activities.
8. P H Y S I C A L I M P A C T S :
• Gender-based violence, or GBV, can hurt survivors in physical ways. The injuries
and health problems it causes can be different for each person, and how bad they
are depends on the kind of violence and how long it goes on.
• Sexual abuse can lead to physical harm and the risk of infections or injuries as
well. The longer this violence continues, the worse these physical problems can
become.
In simple terms, GBV can hurt people's bodies, and the damage can range
from mild to very serious. It's crucial to address GBV to protect people's physical
health and well-being.
H e r e a r e s o m e o f t h e c o m m o n p h y s i c a l
i m p a c t s o f G B V :
• it can leave them with obvious cuts and injuries on their
body, like broken arms, legs, or even injuries to the face
that you can see.
9. • When this happens, it can be very dangerous
and even life-threatening. So, physical
violence not only harms what you can see on
the outside but also the critical parts on the
inside of a person's body.
• Physical violence, especially blows to the
head, can cause concussions, traumatic
brain injuries (TBI), and long-term
neurological effects.
• But it can get even worse – GBV can hurt
important organs inside the body, like the
heart, lungs, or brain.
10. • Survivors of GBV may engage in self-harming behaviors, which can lead to
physical injuries.
• GBV can also contribute to mental health issues, including suicidal
thoughts and attempts. It is essential for survivors of GBV to seek
immediate medical help to address their physical injuries and potential
other health risks.
Additionally, support services, such as counseling and therapy can help
them cope with the physical and emotional consequences of GBV. Raising
awareness, providing education, and advocating for preventive measures are
essential steps in combating GBV and reducing its physical impact on
individuals and communities.
11. SOCIAL IMPACTS:
GBV Affects More Than Just the Survivor:
It's not just the person who experiences gender-based
violence (GBV) but Their families, communities, and
society as a whole are affected.
1.Social Withdrawal:
Survivors of GBV often withdraw from social activities
and relationships because they feel afraid, ashamed, or
stigmatized. In other words, they might distance
themselves from others.
2.Feeling Alone:
this isolation can make them feel like they're
disconnected from their usual support system. It's like
being cut off from friends and family who would
normally help.
12. 3 .Stigma and Discrimination:
Survivors might face judgment and unfair
treatment from their communities and peers
because of the violence they've experienced. It's
like being looked down upon or treated badly
because of what happened to them.
4. Emotional Trauma:
This added social stigma and discrimination
can make the emotional pain even worse. It
can stop survivors from reaching out for help
or reporting the violence because they're afraid
of how they'll be treated.
13. GBV can damage existing relationships, including family, friends, and intimate
partnerships.
Survivors may struggle to trust others, leading to difficulties in forming and maintaining
healthy relationships.
Impact on Children:
Children who witness or experience violence in their homes may be
profoundly affected by GBV, leading to long-term psychological and
behavioral issues.
GBV can perpetuate a cycle of violence through intergenerational
transmission
14. E C O N O M I C A L I M P A C T S :
1.Economic Impact of GBV:
Gender-based violence (GBV) can have a big effect on
money matters, both for the people who experience it
and for society as a whole.
2.Dependence on Abusers:
GBV, especially when it involves economic abuse, can
make survivors rely on their abusers for money. This
dependence can make it tough for survivors to break free
from the abusive relationship and become financially
independent.
3.Loss of Income:
Survivors may end up making less money or even lose
their jobs because of GBV. This can happen if they miss
work due to injuries or if their emotional trauma affects
how well they can do their job.
15. 4.Educational Setbacks:
GBV can also mess up a survivor's education.
It might stop them from going to school or
continuing their studies. This can limit their
chances to earn more money and have better
job opportunities in the future.
In simple terms, GBV can mess with people's
money situations. It can make survivors
financially dependent on their abusers, cause
them to lose income, and even disrupt their
education, which can impact their financial
prospects
16. CAUSES:
Gender-based violence (GBV) has complex and
multifaceted causes that are deeply rooted in social,
cultural, economic, and individual factors
• Gender Inequality:
One of the primary underlying causes of GBV is the unequal
power dynamics between genders. In societies where men
are traditionally viewed as dominant and women as
subordinate, there is a higher likelihood of violence against
women and marginalized genders.
• Cultural Norms and Practices:
Many cultures have traditions and practices that perpetuate
gender stereotypes and normalize violence against women.
This can include practices like female genital mutilation,
child marriage, and honor killings.
17. • Economic Inequality:
Economic disparities can lead to power imbalances,
making some individuals more vulnerable to violence.
Economic abuse is a common form of GBV, where
abusers control financial resources, leaving survivors
financially dependent.
• Social Norms and Stereotypes:
Stereotypical beliefs about gender roles and
expectations can contribute to the acceptance of
violence. Harmful stereotypes that portray men as
aggressive and women as passive, for example, can
reinforce abusive behaviors.
• Lack of Education and Awareness:
Inadequate education about healthy relationships and
the consequences of GBV can perpetuate violence.
Awareness and education campaigns can help
challenge these attitudes and behaviors.
18. • Social and Cultural Acceptance:
In some communities, there is a level of
acceptance or tolerance of GBV, which can
perpetuate the cycle of violence.
• Media and Popular Culture:
Media portrayals and popular culture can
reinforce stereotypes and normalize abusive
behavior, contributing to the acceptance of
GBV.
• Substance Abuse:
Substance abuse can be both a cause and a
consequence of GBV. Substance use can lead to
aggressive behaviors, impair judgment, and
exacerbate violent tendencies.
19. what consequences does the violence have for the
women affected:
When women experience violence, it can have serious
effects on their bodies, minds, and lives, and sometimes it
can even lead to death. This is true for sexual violence as
well. The consequences can be physical, like injuries or
diseases, and they can also be psychological, causing
trauma, depression, anxiety, or panic attacks. Many
women feel like they have to keep their experience of
violence a secret, and this can lead to health problems that
don't have a clear physical cause - it's because they're
keeping it all inside. What makes things even harder is that
women are often blamed for somehow causing the
violence, not believed, or even looked down upon by their
communities. This makes it even more challenging for
them to seek help or support.
20. What consequences does the violence have for the families of
those affected?
Violence against women doesn't just harm them; it also affects
their children, even if the kids aren't directly hurt. Just seeing the
violence happen can mess with their sleep, their development,
and even make them more anxious or aggressive. What's even
scarier is that this cycle of violence and trauma can get passed
down to the next generation. When kids experience or witness
violence and its fallout, they might start thinking that violence is
how you solve problems. So, it's not just a problem for one
generation; it can keep going, which makes it even more
important to stop this cycle
“ There needs to be a change of thinking here, then we
will see governments and civil society showing more
solidarity with women and girls in conflict areas.”
S y b i l l e F e z e r , M e m b e r o f t h e B o a r d f o r P r o g r a m m e s
21. What consequences does violence against women have for
the state and the economy?
Discrimination against women seriously holds them back
from getting involved in various political and economic areas.
This is a big problem because it means we're not making the
most of a significant part of our population. Studies have
actually shown that how much women take part in things has
a direct impact on how stable a country is and how well its
economy does. Now, when women experience violence, they
often end up with physical and emotional scars that keep
them away from work, and that's not good for businesses or
the economy. Plus, society has to pay for things like safe
houses, legal cases, police work, and medical care to deal
with the consequences of violence against women. So, in a
nutshell, discrimination and violence against women hurt not
only them but all of us, socially and economically.
22. Gender based voilence in pakistan:
• Gender-based violence (GBV) is a significant issue in
Pakistan, affecting women, girls, and marginalized
genders across the country. Several forms of GBV are
prevalent in Pakistan, and it is rooted in a complex
interplay of cultural, social, economic, and political
factors.
• 32 per cent of women have experienced physical
violence in Pakistan and 40 per cent of ever-married
women have suffered from spousal abuse at some
point in their life (The Pakistan Demographic and
Health Survey 2012-2013). However, these statistics
do not accurately represent the full extent of cases.
One in two Pakistani women who have experienced
violence never sought help or told anyone about the
violence they had experienced.
23. Some key forms of GBV in Pakistan
include:
Domestic Violence:
Domestic violence, including physical, emotional, and
economic abuse, is a widespread problem in Pakistan.
Many women and girls face violence and abuse within
their own households.
Honour Killings:
Pakistan has seen a high incidence of so-called
"honour killings" where individuals, primarily women,
are killed by family members in the name of preserving
family or community honour.
Child Marriage:
Child marriage is a common practice in some regions
of Pakistan. It exposes young girls to violence, early
pregnancies, and limited educational opportunities
24. Acid Attacks:
Acid attacks are a form of GBV where corrosive substances are thrown
on victims, causing severe physical and emotional trauma. These
attacks are often a result of rejected marriage proposals or other
personal disputes.
In Pakistan, there are several laws and regulations aimed
at addressing and combating gender-based violence
(GBV).
The Punjab Protection of Women Against Violence Act
(2016):
This provincial law in Punjab aims to protect women and girls against violence,
including domestic violence. It establishes specialized centers for support and
protection and outlines legal procedures for seeking protection orders.
25. The Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act (2018):
This law recognizes the rights of transgender individuals, including protection
against discrimination, violence, and harassment.
The Protection against Harassment of Women at the Workplace Act (2010):
This law is designed to prevent and address sexual harassment in the
workplace. It requires employers to establish mechanisms for addressing
harassment complaints and provides for a process to investigate and address
such complaints.
I t ' s i m p o r t a n t t o n o t e t h a t t h e l e g a l f r a m e w o r k i n P a k i s t a n i s a
m i x o f f e d e r a l a n d p r o v i n c i a l l a w s , a n d l e g a l p r o t e c t i o n s c a n
v a r y f r o m o n e p r o v i n c e t o a n o t h e r . A d d i t i o n a l l y , t h e
e f f e c t i v e n e s s o f t h e s e l a w s i n a d d r e s s i n g G B V c a n b e l i m i t e d b y
f a c t o r s s u c h a s w e a k e n f o r c e m e n t , s o c i a l a n d c u l t u r a l n o r m s , a n d
a l a c k o f a w a r e n e s s .
26. how can we control GBV?
1.Raise Awareness
2.Educate and Promote Gender Equality
3.Legal Frameworks
4.Support Services
5.Training and Sensitization
6.Community Involvement
7.Economic Empowerment
8.Media and Awareness Campaigns
9.Education and Advocacy
10.Male Engagement
