we were asked to study the feasibility of a 9E.03 CCGT application for a potential project in Myanmar. In short : doesnt makes sense. No redundancy and high heat rate due to limited gas volume.
Energy Efficiency in Steel Rolling Mills of Nepaleecfncci
This document provides an overview of energy efficiency opportunities in the steel rolling sector in Nepal. It discusses the current state of 14 rolling mill units in Nepal, including their electricity and fuel costs which account for around 3.24% of total costs. Potential areas for energy savings are identified, such as waste heat recovery systems, improving furnace designs and insulation, installing variable frequency drives, and replacing motors. The document presents two case studies of mills that implemented energy efficiency measures, such as minimizing gate opening times to reduce fuel consumption and installing an air pre-heater to capture waste heat, resulting in annual fuel savings of over Rs. 760,000 with a payback period of just 0.6 years. Motor replacement projects also achieved
Indian experiences on Energye Efficiency in Steel Rolling Millseecfncci
Since the establishement of Bureau of Energy Efficiency in 2001 India has been implementing a lot of activities in energy-intensive sector. In Steel Rolling Mills with low-end and high-end technolgies considerable energy and cost sanvings can be achieved. The presentation was prepared in the Context of GIZ NEEP programm in Nepal in 2012.
This document summarizes research on modeling a thermoelectric generator (TEG) for a Caterpillar C7 engine. Waste heat from the engine's exhaust pipe, which can reach 580°C, represents an opportunity to harvest energy. Simulations show a TEG with 14% efficiency could generate about 8 kW of electricity from 60 kW of wasted heat. Preliminary experiments involved measuring exhaust pipe temperatures under different loads and designing a gripper interface between the pipe and future TEG array. Further optimization of TEG materials could improve efficiency.
Heat rate is the pulse rate of a power plant to know the health of the plant.
Net heat rate is the single parameter that encompasses total performance indices of a power plant.
IRJET- Using Thermoelectric Generators to Utilize Heat Generated in Disc BrakesIRJET Journal
Using thermoelectric generators (TEGs) installed in automobile disc brakes can generate electricity from waste heat and improve fuel efficiency. Heat from braking reaches over 300°C and can be utilized by TEG modules to produce 404.57W of power from each brake. This reduces the alternator load on the engine by over 1kW, saving up to 210 liters of fuel per year depending on usage. TEGs convert temperature differences directly into electricity through the Seebeck effect without additional moving parts. Installing TEGs in disc brakes is a promising way to recover wasted heat and improve vehicle efficiency.
This document provides a summary of key concepts related to internal combustion engines (ICEs). It discusses the basic components and operating principles of ICEs, including intake and exhaust systems, valves, combustion process, and conversion of reciprocating motion to rotation via a crank mechanism. It also defines and explains important engine performance parameters such as power, thermal efficiency, mean effective pressure, specific fuel consumption, and different types of engine efficiencies. Examples of related calculations are provided.
KK Wind Solutions presentation on Control System RetrofitRené Balle
1) A presentation was given on retrofitting control systems in wind turbines. Retrofitting control systems can improve power output, availability, and reduce operation and maintenance costs.
2) A case study was presented on retrofitting the control systems on 50 Bonus 1.3MW turbines. The retrofit improved the power curve, replaced pitch and main controllers, and added remote monitoring capabilities.
3) The retrofit paid for itself in less than 3 years through increased revenue from higher output and reduced operation costs from improvements like fewer yaw motor replacements. Retrofitting control systems was shown to be more profitable than other wind turbine upgrades.
The document discusses a preliminary feasibility study for a proposed gas-fired combined cycle power plant (CCPP) in Malaysia. It analyzes the Kapar and Kuantan sites, finding Kapar most favorable due to existing gas pipeline infrastructure and proximity to high electricity demand in Klang Valley. The CCPP would utilize efficient gas turbine technology to generate 500-700MW of power and reduce carbon emissions by 17.5 million tons per year compared to coal power. A project schedule from 2015-2020 is outlined, with construction from 2018-2020. The conclusion is that a CCPP in Kapar would help ensure electricity supply security through efficient natural gas use and support Malaysia's climate goals.
Energy Efficiency in Steel Rolling Mills of Nepaleecfncci
This document provides an overview of energy efficiency opportunities in the steel rolling sector in Nepal. It discusses the current state of 14 rolling mill units in Nepal, including their electricity and fuel costs which account for around 3.24% of total costs. Potential areas for energy savings are identified, such as waste heat recovery systems, improving furnace designs and insulation, installing variable frequency drives, and replacing motors. The document presents two case studies of mills that implemented energy efficiency measures, such as minimizing gate opening times to reduce fuel consumption and installing an air pre-heater to capture waste heat, resulting in annual fuel savings of over Rs. 760,000 with a payback period of just 0.6 years. Motor replacement projects also achieved
Indian experiences on Energye Efficiency in Steel Rolling Millseecfncci
Since the establishement of Bureau of Energy Efficiency in 2001 India has been implementing a lot of activities in energy-intensive sector. In Steel Rolling Mills with low-end and high-end technolgies considerable energy and cost sanvings can be achieved. The presentation was prepared in the Context of GIZ NEEP programm in Nepal in 2012.
This document summarizes research on modeling a thermoelectric generator (TEG) for a Caterpillar C7 engine. Waste heat from the engine's exhaust pipe, which can reach 580°C, represents an opportunity to harvest energy. Simulations show a TEG with 14% efficiency could generate about 8 kW of electricity from 60 kW of wasted heat. Preliminary experiments involved measuring exhaust pipe temperatures under different loads and designing a gripper interface between the pipe and future TEG array. Further optimization of TEG materials could improve efficiency.
Heat rate is the pulse rate of a power plant to know the health of the plant.
Net heat rate is the single parameter that encompasses total performance indices of a power plant.
IRJET- Using Thermoelectric Generators to Utilize Heat Generated in Disc BrakesIRJET Journal
Using thermoelectric generators (TEGs) installed in automobile disc brakes can generate electricity from waste heat and improve fuel efficiency. Heat from braking reaches over 300°C and can be utilized by TEG modules to produce 404.57W of power from each brake. This reduces the alternator load on the engine by over 1kW, saving up to 210 liters of fuel per year depending on usage. TEGs convert temperature differences directly into electricity through the Seebeck effect without additional moving parts. Installing TEGs in disc brakes is a promising way to recover wasted heat and improve vehicle efficiency.
This document provides a summary of key concepts related to internal combustion engines (ICEs). It discusses the basic components and operating principles of ICEs, including intake and exhaust systems, valves, combustion process, and conversion of reciprocating motion to rotation via a crank mechanism. It also defines and explains important engine performance parameters such as power, thermal efficiency, mean effective pressure, specific fuel consumption, and different types of engine efficiencies. Examples of related calculations are provided.
KK Wind Solutions presentation on Control System RetrofitRené Balle
1) A presentation was given on retrofitting control systems in wind turbines. Retrofitting control systems can improve power output, availability, and reduce operation and maintenance costs.
2) A case study was presented on retrofitting the control systems on 50 Bonus 1.3MW turbines. The retrofit improved the power curve, replaced pitch and main controllers, and added remote monitoring capabilities.
3) The retrofit paid for itself in less than 3 years through increased revenue from higher output and reduced operation costs from improvements like fewer yaw motor replacements. Retrofitting control systems was shown to be more profitable than other wind turbine upgrades.
The document discusses a preliminary feasibility study for a proposed gas-fired combined cycle power plant (CCPP) in Malaysia. It analyzes the Kapar and Kuantan sites, finding Kapar most favorable due to existing gas pipeline infrastructure and proximity to high electricity demand in Klang Valley. The CCPP would utilize efficient gas turbine technology to generate 500-700MW of power and reduce carbon emissions by 17.5 million tons per year compared to coal power. A project schedule from 2015-2020 is outlined, with construction from 2018-2020. The conclusion is that a CCPP in Kapar would help ensure electricity supply security through efficient natural gas use and support Malaysia's climate goals.
The document discusses integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plants. IGCC plants gasify coal to produce syngas, which is then used to power a combined-cycle gas turbine. This allows for more efficient electricity generation compared to traditional pulverized coal plants, as well as the ability to more easily capture carbon dioxide emissions. The document provides an overview of the IGCC process and examples of early IGCC plants in the US. It also compares the performance and costs of IGCC versus other power plant technologies and outlines areas for future development to improve IGCC economics and efficiency.
This document discusses using a turboexpander, gearbox, and generator system to generate electric power from a gas pressure reduction station. It explains that a turboexpander's performance depends on inlet flow, pressure, and temperature. Using a gearbox between the turboexpander and generator allows the turboexpander to operate at a higher, more efficient speed than the generator, increasing power output. A case study shows that using a gearbox can increase power generation by 96% compared to direct coupling without a gearbox. The document concludes that while a gearbox increases capital costs, it can improve the revenue from additional power generation.
This document summarizes trends in combined heat and power (CHP) generation in Ireland from 1991 to 2013. It finds that CHP operational capacity increased slightly to 308 megawatts in 2013, with natural gas fueling most units. While the services sector accounted for most CHP units, the industrial sector generated more electricity. CHP provided 7.4% of Ireland's total electricity generation in 2013, showing its growing contribution to the country's energy supply.
This document discusses heat rate and efficiency of power plants, combined heat and power (cogeneration), and examples of cogeneration systems. It contains the following key points:
- Heat rate reflects a power plant's fuel efficiency and is the amount of heat input required to produce one unit of electricity, with lower heat rates indicating higher efficiency.
- Cogeneration systems, also called combined heat and power (CHP), produce both electricity and useful thermal energy in a single integrated system, improving efficiency compared to separate generation of power and heat. Overall efficiencies can reach 90%.
- There are different types of cogeneration systems based on the prime mover used and whether heat is extracted before or
The presentation gives an idea about the primary requirements for the establishment of a coal based THERMAL POWER STATION. The estimates are quite fair.
Energyes division ener termopac line 2015 ev v02Christian Moreau
This document discusses EnerTermoPac (ETP), a multi-energy hybrid system that can provide heating, cooling, hot water, and electricity using various energy sources. ETP aims to reduce natural gas consumption compared to traditional boilers. It claims a 40% reduction in gas usage versus traditional boilers and consumes half as much gas as cogeneration systems for equivalent thermal energy production. The document outlines ETP product lines for industrial, commercial, and residential applications with engine sizes from 2 to 71 liters providing 50kW to 1200kWe. It also describes ETP control and interface features and provides an example of a system combining ETP modules with heat pumps, energy storage, photovoltaics, and other technologies
This document discusses a cogeneration project opportunity using a micro-turbine system at the KMITL Combustion Lab. It provides an introduction to cogeneration systems, examples of applications that can generate both electricity and steam/hot water, and analyses of the energy and cost benefits compared to conventional boiler systems. The document also examines the impact of micro-turbine exhaust gas temperature on boiler performance and efficiency.
Over 10 years, an edible salt refinery implemented an energy conservation program that reduced maximum demand by 43% and contract demand with the grid by 38%. Specific energy consumption increased 42% due to lower capacity utilization and switching to biomass fuel, but would have increased 10% more without conservation efforts. Measures included optimizing equipment and replacing motors, installing variable frequency drives, and switching from oil to biomass fuel for drying. This reduced energy costs by 33.56% despite higher specific consumption.
Adoption of Induction Heated Rolls to Reduce Energy Consumption and Improve Q...Michael Rice, MBA
This document discusses the adoption of induction heated rolls to reduce energy consumption and improve quality compared to oil heated rolls. It summarizes the energy requirements of oil heated rolls, describing heat losses from piping, circulation pumps, and radiation from the oil unit. Induction heated rolls avoid these losses by heating only the roll surface using electromagnetic induction. They maintain a uniform temperature profile using a jacket chamber and require less maintenance than oil heated rolls. Applications include packaging films, printed circuit boards, nonwovens, plastics, and more. Induction heated rolls provide precise temperature control, a clean environment, energy savings, and increased bearing lifetime.
1) The document discusses the need to consider additional factors when establishing baselines and measuring performance for power plants under the ISO 50001 energy management standard.
2) These factors include things like fuel availability, scheduling, ambient conditions, planned/forced outages that can impact a plant's loading and efficiency.
3) The document uses a case study of a gas-fired power plant to show how unaccounted factors led to its reported performance deteriorating against its baseline, though the plant operator argued external factors lowered its loading.
Presentation delivered at HEI - Energy Session on 4th December 2013 at Stamford Bridge on Combined Heat and Power (CHP) for hospitals.
The presentation gives an outline of CHP technology along with cost and carbon saving implications. Finally the presentation highlights case studies for hospital cogeneration applications in the UK including Guy's & St Thomas', Broad Green, Great Ormond Street and More
ETP AC Gas Chiller for Middle East in Kw- Oct 2015 dispos V1Christian Moreau
This document discusses a reversible gas heat pump system called ETP that provides cooling, heating, and hot water for commercial and industrial applications. It can operate in various climates from 0-58°C and sources energy from natural gas, electricity, photovoltaics, and wind power. The system provides optimized and cost efficient energy usage through automatic arbitration between gas and electric networks. It also offers options for increased capacity through absorption modules or connection to desalination.
Developing a new generation of energy efficiency products for reciprocating e...Bowman Power
Learn how a new energy efficiency product gets made, from opportunity to concept, design, validation and production, with this free presentation from the 73rd Indonesia National Electricity Day & POWER-GEN Asia. #PGASIA
This document is a report on a group design project focused on a hydrogen gas turbine. It includes an abstract, introduction providing background on UK energy usage and goals for renewable energy. Market research found strong support for alternative energy development. The report hypothesizes that hydrogen can be a safe and cost-effective fuel. The project aims to design a conceptual hydrogen gas turbine with a focus on using hydrogen as the primary fuel and increasing compressor efficiency. A literature review found that hydrogen can be derived from various processes and burned safely in gas turbines with negligible emissions. Increasing turbine efficiency can be achieved through the use of intercooling.
India is a land of abundant resources but ill managed due to complex matrix of reasons. Though there is a wide gap between supply and demand, supply is restricted due to political reasons and non-realisation of bills. Units are forced to cycle with load following or shutdowns on account of non-availability of coal, transmission bottle necks and other reasons. The Plant Load Factor of India has been declining from 75.08% in 2010-11 to 69.95% in 2012-13.
Thsi papaer on “ Cycling-Bane for Power Utilities “was submitted for Power Plant Efficiency and Reliability conference ( 2nd to 4th april’14). , Koulalampur, Malaysia by Eventful Power.
This paper discusses various reasons for cycling in India with emphasis on coal and transmission bottle necks. It also covers effects and damages inflicted by cycling in power plant equipment.
Please share your feedback on "pothalakrao@gmail.com"
This document summarizes a solar-assisted air conditioning system for residential buildings in China. It finds that the system can save 33.66-348.21 kWh of electricity per year compared to a conventional air conditioning system. It also estimates that a family of 3 could save 1238.61 kWh per year using this system, nearing their goal of 2000 kWh in annual electricity savings. Diagrams and tables are presented on the system components and their specifications, as well as the system's coefficient of performance over different months.
This document provides an overview of a presentation on vocational training for a combined cycle power plant. It discusses the contents to be covered, including an introduction to combined cycle power plants, the Brayton and Rankine cycles, configuration of CCGT power plants, components used, and DM water plants. The presentation was given by Arijit Roy from Vivekananda Global University for their 5th semester diploma in electrical engineering.
Flare Gas and Containerised Engines, Nigeria Oil & Gas Technology, Lagos, 4th...Alexander Marshall
A presentation on the utilisation of containerised gas engines for conversion of flare gas (associated petroleum gas) for electricity with case studies in Nigeria, Tunisia, Australia, New Zealand and Russia.
The presentation provides an overview of the NTPC Anta gas power plant in Rajasthan, India. It discusses the gas turbine process which involves compressing air, combusting it with fuel, and expanding the combustion products through a turbine. The plant uses natural gas as its primary fuel. It has a total installed capacity of 419.33 MW from 3 gas turbine units and 1 steam turbine unit in a combined cycle configuration. Measurements of processes like pressure, temperature, flow and electrical parameters are crucial to operations. Power is evacuated from the plant using six 220kV transmission lines.
Arvind Kumar Bajaj has over 18 years of experience in power plant engineering, operations, and maintenance for coal and gas power plants as well as oil and gas facilities. He has expertise in areas such as basic and detailed engineering, commissioning, energy auditing, project management, and plant troubleshooting. Currently he works as a lead engineer for a power plant EPC company where he is responsible for engineering design, project management, and turnkey project delivery.
Heat rate is a key performance indicator for power plants that measures efficiency. It is calculated as the amount of input energy (e.g. coal) divided by the amount of electrical output energy. A lower heat rate indicates a more efficient plant. The document discusses different types of heat rates used - gross, net, and turbine cycle - and how to calculate them directly from energy inputs and outputs or indirectly based on deviations from design parameters. More advanced supercritical and ultra-supercritical plant designs have been able to achieve significantly lower heat rates and higher efficiencies compared to older subcritical plant designs.
Combined Cycle Gas Turbine Power Plant Part 1Anurak Atthasit
Introduction to Combined Cycle Gas Turbine Power Plant. Describing the advantage and design limit of the CCGT. Overview of Brayton Cycle and Rankine Cycle - showing some basic thermodynamic to explain some background of CCGT.
The document discusses integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plants. IGCC plants gasify coal to produce syngas, which is then used to power a combined-cycle gas turbine. This allows for more efficient electricity generation compared to traditional pulverized coal plants, as well as the ability to more easily capture carbon dioxide emissions. The document provides an overview of the IGCC process and examples of early IGCC plants in the US. It also compares the performance and costs of IGCC versus other power plant technologies and outlines areas for future development to improve IGCC economics and efficiency.
This document discusses using a turboexpander, gearbox, and generator system to generate electric power from a gas pressure reduction station. It explains that a turboexpander's performance depends on inlet flow, pressure, and temperature. Using a gearbox between the turboexpander and generator allows the turboexpander to operate at a higher, more efficient speed than the generator, increasing power output. A case study shows that using a gearbox can increase power generation by 96% compared to direct coupling without a gearbox. The document concludes that while a gearbox increases capital costs, it can improve the revenue from additional power generation.
This document summarizes trends in combined heat and power (CHP) generation in Ireland from 1991 to 2013. It finds that CHP operational capacity increased slightly to 308 megawatts in 2013, with natural gas fueling most units. While the services sector accounted for most CHP units, the industrial sector generated more electricity. CHP provided 7.4% of Ireland's total electricity generation in 2013, showing its growing contribution to the country's energy supply.
This document discusses heat rate and efficiency of power plants, combined heat and power (cogeneration), and examples of cogeneration systems. It contains the following key points:
- Heat rate reflects a power plant's fuel efficiency and is the amount of heat input required to produce one unit of electricity, with lower heat rates indicating higher efficiency.
- Cogeneration systems, also called combined heat and power (CHP), produce both electricity and useful thermal energy in a single integrated system, improving efficiency compared to separate generation of power and heat. Overall efficiencies can reach 90%.
- There are different types of cogeneration systems based on the prime mover used and whether heat is extracted before or
The presentation gives an idea about the primary requirements for the establishment of a coal based THERMAL POWER STATION. The estimates are quite fair.
Energyes division ener termopac line 2015 ev v02Christian Moreau
This document discusses EnerTermoPac (ETP), a multi-energy hybrid system that can provide heating, cooling, hot water, and electricity using various energy sources. ETP aims to reduce natural gas consumption compared to traditional boilers. It claims a 40% reduction in gas usage versus traditional boilers and consumes half as much gas as cogeneration systems for equivalent thermal energy production. The document outlines ETP product lines for industrial, commercial, and residential applications with engine sizes from 2 to 71 liters providing 50kW to 1200kWe. It also describes ETP control and interface features and provides an example of a system combining ETP modules with heat pumps, energy storage, photovoltaics, and other technologies
This document discusses a cogeneration project opportunity using a micro-turbine system at the KMITL Combustion Lab. It provides an introduction to cogeneration systems, examples of applications that can generate both electricity and steam/hot water, and analyses of the energy and cost benefits compared to conventional boiler systems. The document also examines the impact of micro-turbine exhaust gas temperature on boiler performance and efficiency.
Over 10 years, an edible salt refinery implemented an energy conservation program that reduced maximum demand by 43% and contract demand with the grid by 38%. Specific energy consumption increased 42% due to lower capacity utilization and switching to biomass fuel, but would have increased 10% more without conservation efforts. Measures included optimizing equipment and replacing motors, installing variable frequency drives, and switching from oil to biomass fuel for drying. This reduced energy costs by 33.56% despite higher specific consumption.
Adoption of Induction Heated Rolls to Reduce Energy Consumption and Improve Q...Michael Rice, MBA
This document discusses the adoption of induction heated rolls to reduce energy consumption and improve quality compared to oil heated rolls. It summarizes the energy requirements of oil heated rolls, describing heat losses from piping, circulation pumps, and radiation from the oil unit. Induction heated rolls avoid these losses by heating only the roll surface using electromagnetic induction. They maintain a uniform temperature profile using a jacket chamber and require less maintenance than oil heated rolls. Applications include packaging films, printed circuit boards, nonwovens, plastics, and more. Induction heated rolls provide precise temperature control, a clean environment, energy savings, and increased bearing lifetime.
1) The document discusses the need to consider additional factors when establishing baselines and measuring performance for power plants under the ISO 50001 energy management standard.
2) These factors include things like fuel availability, scheduling, ambient conditions, planned/forced outages that can impact a plant's loading and efficiency.
3) The document uses a case study of a gas-fired power plant to show how unaccounted factors led to its reported performance deteriorating against its baseline, though the plant operator argued external factors lowered its loading.
Presentation delivered at HEI - Energy Session on 4th December 2013 at Stamford Bridge on Combined Heat and Power (CHP) for hospitals.
The presentation gives an outline of CHP technology along with cost and carbon saving implications. Finally the presentation highlights case studies for hospital cogeneration applications in the UK including Guy's & St Thomas', Broad Green, Great Ormond Street and More
ETP AC Gas Chiller for Middle East in Kw- Oct 2015 dispos V1Christian Moreau
This document discusses a reversible gas heat pump system called ETP that provides cooling, heating, and hot water for commercial and industrial applications. It can operate in various climates from 0-58°C and sources energy from natural gas, electricity, photovoltaics, and wind power. The system provides optimized and cost efficient energy usage through automatic arbitration between gas and electric networks. It also offers options for increased capacity through absorption modules or connection to desalination.
Developing a new generation of energy efficiency products for reciprocating e...Bowman Power
Learn how a new energy efficiency product gets made, from opportunity to concept, design, validation and production, with this free presentation from the 73rd Indonesia National Electricity Day & POWER-GEN Asia. #PGASIA
This document is a report on a group design project focused on a hydrogen gas turbine. It includes an abstract, introduction providing background on UK energy usage and goals for renewable energy. Market research found strong support for alternative energy development. The report hypothesizes that hydrogen can be a safe and cost-effective fuel. The project aims to design a conceptual hydrogen gas turbine with a focus on using hydrogen as the primary fuel and increasing compressor efficiency. A literature review found that hydrogen can be derived from various processes and burned safely in gas turbines with negligible emissions. Increasing turbine efficiency can be achieved through the use of intercooling.
India is a land of abundant resources but ill managed due to complex matrix of reasons. Though there is a wide gap between supply and demand, supply is restricted due to political reasons and non-realisation of bills. Units are forced to cycle with load following or shutdowns on account of non-availability of coal, transmission bottle necks and other reasons. The Plant Load Factor of India has been declining from 75.08% in 2010-11 to 69.95% in 2012-13.
Thsi papaer on “ Cycling-Bane for Power Utilities “was submitted for Power Plant Efficiency and Reliability conference ( 2nd to 4th april’14). , Koulalampur, Malaysia by Eventful Power.
This paper discusses various reasons for cycling in India with emphasis on coal and transmission bottle necks. It also covers effects and damages inflicted by cycling in power plant equipment.
Please share your feedback on "pothalakrao@gmail.com"
This document summarizes a solar-assisted air conditioning system for residential buildings in China. It finds that the system can save 33.66-348.21 kWh of electricity per year compared to a conventional air conditioning system. It also estimates that a family of 3 could save 1238.61 kWh per year using this system, nearing their goal of 2000 kWh in annual electricity savings. Diagrams and tables are presented on the system components and their specifications, as well as the system's coefficient of performance over different months.
This document provides an overview of a presentation on vocational training for a combined cycle power plant. It discusses the contents to be covered, including an introduction to combined cycle power plants, the Brayton and Rankine cycles, configuration of CCGT power plants, components used, and DM water plants. The presentation was given by Arijit Roy from Vivekananda Global University for their 5th semester diploma in electrical engineering.
Flare Gas and Containerised Engines, Nigeria Oil & Gas Technology, Lagos, 4th...Alexander Marshall
A presentation on the utilisation of containerised gas engines for conversion of flare gas (associated petroleum gas) for electricity with case studies in Nigeria, Tunisia, Australia, New Zealand and Russia.
The presentation provides an overview of the NTPC Anta gas power plant in Rajasthan, India. It discusses the gas turbine process which involves compressing air, combusting it with fuel, and expanding the combustion products through a turbine. The plant uses natural gas as its primary fuel. It has a total installed capacity of 419.33 MW from 3 gas turbine units and 1 steam turbine unit in a combined cycle configuration. Measurements of processes like pressure, temperature, flow and electrical parameters are crucial to operations. Power is evacuated from the plant using six 220kV transmission lines.
Arvind Kumar Bajaj has over 18 years of experience in power plant engineering, operations, and maintenance for coal and gas power plants as well as oil and gas facilities. He has expertise in areas such as basic and detailed engineering, commissioning, energy auditing, project management, and plant troubleshooting. Currently he works as a lead engineer for a power plant EPC company where he is responsible for engineering design, project management, and turnkey project delivery.
Heat rate is a key performance indicator for power plants that measures efficiency. It is calculated as the amount of input energy (e.g. coal) divided by the amount of electrical output energy. A lower heat rate indicates a more efficient plant. The document discusses different types of heat rates used - gross, net, and turbine cycle - and how to calculate them directly from energy inputs and outputs or indirectly based on deviations from design parameters. More advanced supercritical and ultra-supercritical plant designs have been able to achieve significantly lower heat rates and higher efficiencies compared to older subcritical plant designs.
Combined Cycle Gas Turbine Power Plant Part 1Anurak Atthasit
Introduction to Combined Cycle Gas Turbine Power Plant. Describing the advantage and design limit of the CCGT. Overview of Brayton Cycle and Rankine Cycle - showing some basic thermodynamic to explain some background of CCGT.
IRJET- Energy and Exergy Analysis of Multiple Extraction Cum Condensing Stea...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes the energy and exergy of a multiple extraction condensing steam turbine. It presents:
1) An analysis of the energy and exergy at 70% and 85% rated capacity, calculating inputs, outputs, efficiencies, and losses. The energy efficiency was 74% and 84.85% respectively, while exergy efficiency was 66.26% and 72%.
2) Details of the 19MW steam turbine plant, including specifications of the turbine, boiler, fuel used, and operating conditions. Steam is extracted for heating before exiting the turbine.
3) Definitions of energy efficiency, exergy efficiency, and other parameters. Exergy analysis can identify actual energy losses and their locations better
The document discusses energy and exergy analysis of a diesel engine powered cogeneration plant (DEPC). It first provides background on cogeneration and its benefits. It then describes the components and working of the DEPC plant, which has a total installed capacity of 25.32 MW electricity and 8.1 tons/hr of steam. The plant uses three diesel engines fueled by heavy fuel oil. The document presents the thermodynamic analysis of the plant using concepts of energy and exergy balances. It finds that the plant has a first law efficiency of 40.4% and second law (exergetic) efficiency of 40.6%. The largest exergy destruction of 46% occurs in the diesel engines.
The document discusses integrating solar generation at a thermal power plant to reduce auxiliary power consumption (APC). It proposes mounting solar panels on building roofs and over water reservoirs. This could reduce APC by 1.14%, saving on fuel costs and increasing revenue. Other benefits include earning energy saving certificates, lowering tariffs, and reducing cooling water temperatures. The proposal outlines installing the solar system, potential locations for panels, and interconnecting to the grid and township. Key advantages are listed, along with considerations like maintaining panel efficiency and increased water usage.
Evaluation of Electric-Turbo-Compounding Technology applied to Marine Diesel-...Bowman Power
The document evaluates applying an Electric-Turbo-Compound system to recover waste heat from marine diesel engines. Modeling shows a system with an expansion ratio of 1.5 and engine design point of 85% could generate 490kWe per engine on a frigate, saving 43 tons of fuel annually and reducing payback time to 4.2 years with projected 2021 costs. Overall, the analysis found waste heat recovery via Electric-Turbo-Compound can provide cost-effective emissions reductions on certain vessel types.
A combined cycle gas turbine power plant uses both a gas turbine and a steam turbine to generate electricity from the same fuel source. The gas turbine exhaust is used to generate steam to power a steam turbine. This combination achieves greater efficiency than a gas turbine alone. Combined cycle plants can be over 50% efficient and have lower emissions than other generation methods. The document provides background information on the components and operation of combined cycle gas turbine power plants.
Ramgarh Gas Thermal Power Plant (RGTPP) Traning ReportIshan Khandelwal
This document provides an overview of the Ramgarh Gas Thermal Power Plant (RGTPP) in Jaisalmer, Rajasthan, India. It discusses the plant's installed capacity, fuel source, water supply, transmission lines, and operational performance from 2006-2013. It also describes the plant's three development stages that increased capacity to 220.5 MW total. The document provides details on the plant's combined cycle process using gas turbines and a heat recovery steam generator to power a steam turbine. It includes an introduction to the key equipment used in the gas turbine, steam turbine, and common support systems.
The document summarizes an energy audit conducted on a thermal power plant in Jordan. The power plant produces 14.36 MW through a Rankine cycle using natural gas. A preliminary energy audit evaluated the performance of the plant's components, including the boiler, turbine, condenser, and pumps. The results showed deviations in efficiency for all components compared to their design specifications. Specifically, the boiler had the largest deviation of 4.9% efficiency, likely due to poor water and fuel quality and heat loss. Several solutions were proposed to improve the plant's efficiency.
IRJET - IC Engine Waste Heat Recovery SystemsIRJET Journal
The document discusses waste heat recovery systems for internal combustion engines. It describes two main methods - the organic Rankine cycle and thermoelectric generators. The organic Rankine cycle uses a heat exchanger, turbine, condenser and pump to convert waste heat from exhaust gases into useful work. Thermoelectric generators use the Seebeck effect to directly convert a temperature difference into electricity. Both methods can potentially improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions by capturing some of the waste heat from engines that would otherwise be lost.
This document discusses options for boosting the output of a 230 MW combined-cycle power plant. It evaluates seven options: 1) adding an evaporative cooler for inlet air precooling, 2) adding a mechanical chiller for inlet air precooling, 3) adding an absorption chiller for inlet air precooling, 4) injecting steam into the gas turbine, 5) injecting water into the gas turbine, 6) partially supplementary firing the heat-recovery steam generator, and 7) fully supplementary firing the heat-recovery steam generator. It provides details on the estimated performance impacts and costs of each option for improving output under peak summer load conditions.
IRJET- Improve the Efficiency of Combined Cycle Power PlantIRJET Journal
This document discusses methods to improve the efficiency of combined cycle power plants. It begins with an introduction to combined cycle power plants, which improve efficiency by capturing waste heat from a gas turbine to power a steam turbine. Recent research has achieved total efficiencies of 50-60%. The document then discusses several proposed methods to further improve efficiency, such as increasing steam temperatures and pressures or implementing reheat. Calculations show these methods could increase the net efficiency of steam turbines by 22.1%, gas turbines by 12.9%, and the steam part of combined cycle plants by 4.2%. The conclusion states that improving efficiency is important as global energy demand grows to produce more electricity at lower cost.
Analysis and Design Methodology for Thermoelectric Power Generation System fr...Omkar Kamodkar
This paper combines heat transfer and
thermoelectric conversion techniques to create a
thermoelectric generator device for a single-cylinder, fourstroke petrol engine. The system is made up of heat absorbers,
thermoelectric generator, Thermoelectric Generator (TEG)
modules, and an external heat sink. To achieve the goal of
absorbing heat and increasing thermoelectric conversion
efficiently, the heat exchanger surface area and heat-exchange
time could be increased. Thermoelectric generators convert
waste heat into energy directly. This technology will also help
energy conversion systems work better overall. Despite the
fact that TEG production is limited by available technologies,
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2. 2
Introduction – who we are
We are an in-depend advisor focusing on the power sector and especially the gas to power sector with >50
years of power expertise. Over the years we gained experience in all aspects of energy infrastructure in
both EU as well as South East Asia. We have inhouse expertise of the design, operations and
management of Gas turbine based power plants.
40 years experience in Gas Turbine power sector of which 35 years with General Electric as Project
Manager and design engineer. 4 years Experience as Operational Director of a gas turbine O&M company
3. 3
Conclusions on the proposed DESIGN of the power plant
1. The 9E.03 CCGT plant is old, not 100% GE manufactured and too big for the Ahlone
project resulting in part load operations, higher fuel costs and maintenance
2. The 9E.03 CCGT power plant is a single train power plant with NO redundancy leading to
significant risks for EPGE and we would EPGE advise not to consider the proposed
configuration (risk of complete power outage)
3. The plant is designed for 180MW projects (at local conditions), meaning it will have to run
365days per year in part load due to limited gas quantity => high fuel costs and more
maintenance
4. The Plant considered is old >25 years and could lead to failures and more frequent
maintenance (read power outage)
5. The plant will need significant piling and cooling water operations . The construction of the
plant is >12 months
4. 4
Conclusions on the HEAT RATE of the power plant
1. The net plant average heat rate of this plant is not competitive ( >10,000 BTU/kWh)
2. The proposed train could theoretically generate approximately 167MW but in that case will
consume >36mmscfd in full load (44mmscfd)
3. With the limited gas available and the gas quality (721BTU) the proposed plant will have to
run part load (<78%) generating <125MW net during the DRY season resulting in relative
high heat rate (8,783 BTU/kWh)
4. During the WET season the load will need to decreased significantly to <40% of the design
capacity resulting in extreme high heat rates (11,336 BTU/kWh)
5. The average heat rate calculated based on 7 months WET and 5 months DRY season
is 10,273BTU/kWh and thus fuel costs > 7.5ct/kWh
5. 5
GE information as starting point for our evaluation
1. We have used GE numbers (ISO and NEW) CCGT 9E.03 output and heat rate.
2. These numbers have been corrected based on GE curves for heat rate and output (see
Appendix)
a) Ambient conditions T (Myanmar) > ISO
b) Load Factor (plant is never running full load)
Besides we have applied a very conservative 2% correction for the fact that the power plant is >25 years old and
not 100% GE manufactured.
6. 6
DESIGN CASE DRY SEASON WET SEASON
44 MMSCFD 36MMSCFD 50%
SIMPLE CYCLE (Reference GE 9E.03) @ ISO CONDITIONS & NEW 132 103 51
SC Output Correction Ambient Temperature (REF. CORRECTION CURVE) 12% 12% 12%
SC Output correction Year of Construction (1991!! And Chinese not 100% GE) 2% 2% 2%
ISO SC Heat Rate at Generator Terminals (REFERENCE GE 9E.03 AT ISO AND NEW) 9860 9860 9860
SC Heat rate coprrection local ambient temperature (GE CURVE) 4% 4% 4%
SC Heat rate coprrection AGE of GTG 2% 2% 2%
SC Heat Rate correction due to part load (Reference GE Curve) 0% 5% 40%
Calculated SC Generator terminals Output MW after corrections 113.52 88.58 43.86
Gas Turbine Load 100% 78% 39%
Calculated SC LHV Heat Rate at Generator Terminals after corrections 10451.6 10944.6 14395.6
Calculated SC efficiency at Generator Terminals 32.7% 31.2% 23.7%
Calculated Thermal input (SC Output / Efficiency) 348 284 185
Steam Turbine output at ISO (GE REFERENCE) 72 na na
Combined Cycle Total Output at ISO Conditions CCGT (GE Reference) 204 na na
Calculated Steam Turbine Output after corrections 62 40 20
Calculated Gross Plant Output at Terminals 175.4 128.6 63.9
Own Consumption 4% 4% 4%
Own Consumption in MW (cooling tower, pumps , compressors?) 7 5 3
Losses Transformer etc 1% 1% 1%
Calculated Net Plan Output after corrections 167.2 122.5 60.8
Calculated Net plant Output Efficiency local conditions 48.10% 43.14% 32.90%
Calculated Net Plant heat rate LHV 7098 7913 10377
Calculated Net Plant Heat rate HHV 7808 8705 11415
FUEL
Calculate3d Gas Consumption 1,305 1,066 695
Calculated Gas Consumption (721BTU/scf) 43 35.5 23
Calculations Design Case, 36mmscfd case (Dry) and Wet season case
BTU/kWh HHV Period
Heat Rate Dry 8783 5
Heat Rate Wet 11336 7
Average 10273 12
1
1
Notes:
1. See Appendix I
2. See Appendix II
3. See Appendix III
1
2
2
3 3
9. 9
Appendix II
GE Curves Output and Heat Rate for Ambient Temperature
Output correction: 12%
Heat rate correction : 4%
10. 10
Appendix III
GT Heat Rate as a function of GTG load (80% load and 40% load case)
Heat Rate multiplier (80% load : 1.05
x ISO Heat Rate
Heat Rate multiplier (40% load): 1.40
x ISO heat rate