The document discusses the kinetic molecular theory and its application to gases. It explains that the kinetic molecular theory describes matter as made of particles in constant, rapid, random motion that exert intermolecular forces. It then summarizes the five main postulates of the kinetic molecular theory and how they relate to the behavior of gases based on variables like volume, pressure, temperature and amount. Specifically, it outlines how the kinetic molecular theory explains Boyle's, Charles', Avogadro's and Dalton's laws governing gas behavior.
Kinetic theory of Gases provides the much-needed interlink between the macroscopic and the microscopic. It depicts the behavior of gases under different physical conditions.
Kinetic Gas Theory including Ideal Gas Equation. Temperature, Volume, Applications
Boyle's Law, Charles' Law and Avogadro's Law. Ideal Gas Theory, Dalton's Partial Pressure
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This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Kinetic theory of Gases provides the much-needed interlink between the macroscopic and the microscopic. It depicts the behavior of gases under different physical conditions.
Kinetic Gas Theory including Ideal Gas Equation. Temperature, Volume, Applications
Boyle's Law, Charles' Law and Avogadro's Law. Ideal Gas Theory, Dalton's Partial Pressure
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
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2. S9MT -IIj - 20
Investigate the relationship between:
1 volume and pressure at constant
temperature of a gas
2 volume and temperature at constant
pressure of a gas
3 explains these relationships using the
kinetic molecular theory
3. Kinetic-Molecular Theory Postulates
1. Matter is made of particles
containing mass.
2. Particles of substances are in
constant, rapid, and random motion.
3. Collisions are either elastic or
inelastic.
4. Temperature measures average
kinetic energy.
4. Kinetic-Molecular Theory Postulates
5. Particles exert
intermolecular forces.
These forces are “non-
existent” in gases.
These forces are strong
in liquids and solids.
5. Comparing Two Theories
Atomic Theory
Everything made of
particles
All atoms of an element
are identical
Atoms are neither created
nor destroyed
A specific compounds has
the same ratio of atoms
Kinetic-Molecular Theory
Particles have mass
Particles are constantly
moving
Particles collide
Particles exert forces
Temperature measures
kinetic energy
6. Postulate 1
Matter is made of particles
containing mass. 1 AMU = 1.66054
x 10-24 g
Proton—1 AMU (1.0073)
Neutron—1 AMU (1.0087)
Electron—Without Mass (5.486 x 10-4
AMU)
7. Postulate 2
Particles of substances are in
constant, rapid, and random
motion.
Motion has 3 characteristics
Constant
Rapid
Random
8. Postulate 3
Collisions are either
elastic or inelastic.
1. Inelastic—loses energy (p.
421)
2. Elastic—doesn’t lose energy
(p. 421)
9. Postulate 4
4. Temperature measures average kinetic energy.
Temp., Kinetic Energy
Temp., Kinetic Energy
10. Quick Question
After testing two unknown
substances A and B, you find
the boiling temperature for
substance A to be 20°C.
Substance B’s boiling point is
34°C. Which substance, A or B,
has stronger intermolecular
forces? Why?
11. Postulate 5
5. Particles exert intermolecular
forces.
These forces are “non-existent” in
gases.
These forces are strong in liquids and
solids.
Dispersion Forces (London Dispersion)
Dipole-Dipole Forces
Ion-Dipole
Hydrogen Bonding
13. Postulate 5—Dipole-Dipole
Dipole-Dipole Forces
Permanent dispersion force
(Causes asymmetry, which gives
rise to partial charges (-, +)
Causes some molecules to be
polar
Affects solubility
14. Postulate 5—Hydrogen Bonds
Hydrogen Bonds
Most important biologically
(induces protein folding)
Assists in solubility
Responsible for properties of
water
Strongest force
16. Kinetic-Molecular Theory
(Gasses)
Amount—given as n= mass/molar
mass
Volume—given as L
Temperature—given as K
To convert °C to K, just add 273.15
Pressure—given as atm or torr
(mm of Hg)
22. Kinetic-Molecular Theory
(Gasses)
Dalton’s Law
If more than one gas is present, then the sum of the
pressures of all the different gasses equals the total
pressure.
Pt = p1 + p2 + p3 + … + pn
