2. LATHE/WOOD TURNING
Woodturning is a form of woodworking that is used to create
wooden objects on a lathe.
There are two distinct methods of turning wood: spindle
turning and faceplate turning.
Their key difference is in the orientation of the wood grain, relative
to the axis of the lathe. This variation in orientation changes the
tools and techniques used.
In spindle turning, the grain runs lengthways along the lathe bed,
as if a log was mounted in the lathe. Grain is thus always
perpendicular to the direction of rotation under the tool.
In bowl turning, the grain runs at right angles to the axis, as if a
plank were mounted across the chuck. When a bowl blank rotates,
the angle that the grain makes with the cutting tool continually
changes between the easy cuts of lengthways and downwards
across the grain to two places per rotation where the tool is cutting
across the grain and even upwards across it.
5. JOINERY
Joinery is a part of woodworking that involves joining
together pieces of timber or lumber, to produce more
complex items.
Some wood joints employ fasteners, bindings, or
adhesives, while others use only wood elements.
The characteristics of wooden joints - strength,
flexibility, toughness, appearance, etc. - derive from
the properties of the materials involved and the
purpose of the joint.
Therefore, different joinery techniques are used to
meet differing requirements.
For example, the joinery used to construct
a house can be different from that used to
make puzzle toys, although some concepts overlap.
6.
7. CNC CUTTING
CNC means Computer Numerical Control. This means a
computer converts the design produced by Computer Aided
Design software (CAD), into numbers. The numbers can be
considered to be the coordinates of a graph and they control the
movement of the cutter. In this way the computer controls the
cutting and shaping of the material.
In modern CNC systems, end-to-end component design is highly
automated using computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-
aided manufacturing (CAM) programs. The programs produce a
computer file that is interpreted to extract the commands needed
to operate a particular machine by a post processor, and then
loaded into the CNC machines for production. Since any
particular component might require the use of a number of
different tools – drills, saws, etc., modern machines often
combine multiple tools into a single "cell". In other installations, a
number of different machines are used with an external
controller and human or robotic operators that move the
component from machine to machine. In either case, the series
of steps needed to produce any part is highly automated and
produces a part that closely matches the original CAD design.
8. CNC ROUTER A CNC router is a
computer controlled
cutting machine
related to the hand
held router used for
cutting various hard
materials, such as
wood, composites,
aluminium, steel,
plastics.
CNC router is very
similar in concept to
a CNC milling
machine. Instead of
routing by hand, tool
paths are controlled
via computer
numerical control.
• A CNC router typically
produces consistent and
high-quality work and
improves factory productivity.
Unlike a jig router, the CNC
router can produce a one-off
as effectively as repeated
identical production.
9. Price of CNC Cutting
Thin board: Rs. 60/sq feet
10 mm board: 50/sq feet
10. CARVING
Carving is the act of using tools to shape something from a
material by scraping away portions of that material. The
technique can be applied to any material that is solid enough
to hold a form even when pieces have been removed from it,
and yet soft enough for portions to be scraped away with
available tools.
Wood carving is a form of woodworking by means of a
cutting tool (knife) in one hand or a chisel by two hands or
with one hand on a chisel and one hand on a mallet, resulting
in a wooden figure or figurine, or in
the sculptural ornamentation of a wooden object.
11. WOOD CARVING TOOLS
Carving knives
Carving knife, used to round the
corners
V-Tool, used to part lines and
cut V-shaped channels
