The document summarizes a research paper on how sports fans on Facebook responded to a social identity threat when their team's coach suddenly left. The researcher analyzed posts on a "Get Out of Our City Brian Kelly" Facebook page. Fans' responses included rallying around the team, stigmatizing the new team, feeling victimized, using intimidating language, and degradation. The discussion section noted how social media can intensify anger and perpetuate ideologies of masculinity in sports. Limitations and ideas for future research were also provided.
Teens & Social Networks: New Realties and ThreatsSociallyActive
Instagram, Twitter and Facebook have created a new reality for teens where privacy is non-existent and they are being inundated with porn and illicit photos.
This presentation will help parents understand these threats in more detail.
The Commtouch Quarterly Internet Threats Trend Report provides insight on the latest spam, malware, phishing schemes and other web security threats.
The January 2012 edition provides analysis of Internet security threats that occurred during the fourth quarter of 2011. This edition also provides an overview of Facebook attacks that occurred throughout 2011.
Opening presentation from iMedia 2013 Breakthrough in Austin, TX. I was the MC of this event. This opening presentation makes the case to use mobile as a platform instead of a channel. Subsequent presentations from other presenters filled in the blanks
Teens & Social Networks: New Realties and ThreatsSociallyActive
Instagram, Twitter and Facebook have created a new reality for teens where privacy is non-existent and they are being inundated with porn and illicit photos.
This presentation will help parents understand these threats in more detail.
The Commtouch Quarterly Internet Threats Trend Report provides insight on the latest spam, malware, phishing schemes and other web security threats.
The January 2012 edition provides analysis of Internet security threats that occurred during the fourth quarter of 2011. This edition also provides an overview of Facebook attacks that occurred throughout 2011.
Opening presentation from iMedia 2013 Breakthrough in Austin, TX. I was the MC of this event. This opening presentation makes the case to use mobile as a platform instead of a channel. Subsequent presentations from other presenters filled in the blanks
In this keynote delivered at the National Council of Teachers of English, Katherin Garland represents Katie Dredger, Crystal Beach, and Cathy Leogrande in exploring how media represent those who are marginalized in sports and sports media. A transcript follows.
1.
What is meant by the term "hidden" corporate culture?
a.
the values and beliefs of the corporation that shape employees' attitudes
b.
the tendency to promote individuals to their level of incompetence
c.
an organization's tendency to shift goals to perpetuate its existence
d.
the placement of minorities in highly visible but powerless positions
2.
Anthony, a retired Army officer, is a professor of sociology at a small state university. During the Vietnam War, he was awarded the Medal of Honor and he usually wears a small ribbon on the lapel of his suit coat denoting this. He also wears his West Point ring from the class of 1965. Using the terminology of dramaturgy, the lapel pin and class ring would be classified as ________.
a.
stages
b.
background assumptions
c.
role performances
d.
props
3.
How does the mass media influence gender roles in contemporary American society?
a.
It encourages a sexless society.
b.
It encourages women to assume male roles to be successful.
c.
It reinforces gender roles considered appropriate for one's sex.
d.
It encourages cross-gender behavior.
4.
What did the Harlow experiment conclude as being the key to infant-mother bonding?
a.
peer socialization
b.
feeding and grooming
c.
intimate social contact
d.
intellectual development
5.
Jane is a 49-year-old woman of Irish-German descent. What do these characteristics have in common?
a.
These are examples of her ascribed statuses.
b.
These are examples of her achieved statuses.
c.
These, particularly her Irish-German descent, are part of her master status.
d.
These characteristics are examples of status inconsistency.
6.
Which of Williams' U.S. values is contradicts the other values of freedom, democracy, and equality?
a.
science and technology
b.
material comfort
c.
group superiority
d.
religiosity
7.
Which groups of social theorists would focus most on macro-level analysis when examining patterns of society?
a.
symbolic interactionists and structural functionalists
b.
symbolic interactionists and conflict theorists
c.
conflict theorists and structural functionalists
d.
conflict theorists and symbolic interactionists
8.
Sociologists have identified an emerging set of five interrelated values in American society. What are these emerging values?
a.
self-destiny, spirituality, environmental concern, technological awareness, and physical fitness
b.
leisure, self-fulfillment, physical fitness, youthfulness, and environmental concern
c.
freedom, equality, romantic love, youthfulness, and physical fitness
d.
romantic love, individualism, mental health, self-fulfillment, and equality
9.
Steve and Naomi are counting the empty whiskey bottles in trashcans to measure the level of whiskey consumption in town. These researchers are using a method of research referred to as ________.
a.
documentation
b.
participant observation
c.
survey research
d.
unobtrusive measures
10.
The spread of cultural characteristics from one group to another refers to ________.
a..
2
I.
II.
INTRODUCTION
A. Morally justifiable within a consequentialist framework. Disproportionately affects minority populations and those with mental health issues.
B. Abolishing the death penalty is an act of courage, justice, and compassion.
III.
BODY
1.
Body Part 1
A. Morally justifiable within a consequentialist framework: Abolishing the death penalty is morally justifiable when evaluated via the Consequentialist Framework, which looks at the results of an action.
B. Disproportionately affects minority populations and those with mental health issues: Executing a mentally ill person violates their human rights and is a moral outrage. Executing someone because of their ethnicity or socioeconomic situation is also unjust.
C. Abolishing the death penalty is an act of courage, justice, and compassion: When evaluated through the Virtue Framework, my viewpoint is ethical since it is a brave and just act to defend the weak and campaign for a society that respects and protects human life and the rule of law.
2.
Body Part 2
A. Argument from consequence: Some argue that the death sentence is the best way to discourage criminal behavior and protect society from violent offenders.
B. Argument from duty: For others, the death penalty is a means to an end that will provide them peace of mind and justice.
C. Argument from virtue: Finally, some may argue that retributive justice and compassion for victims require the use of the death sentence.
3.
Body Part 3
A. Utilitarian and deontological frameworks: I may use the utilitarian and deontological frameworks, emphasizing the results of our acts and our duties to others.
B. Virtue Framework: The virtue framework is another source of inspiration for me; it stresses the value of fairness, kindness, and charity.
C. Illustrative cases: I may provide examples of how the death sentence violates the principles outlined in these ethical theories.
IV.
CONCLUSION
A. Abolishing the death penalty is essential for justice and life: Recognizing the moral implications of murdering innocent individuals and punishing specific communities disproportionately is crucial when considering the death sentence's ethical implications.
B. Potential for conflicting moral views: There is a possibility that my moral stance on the death penalty will disagree with the moral perspectives of others because it is based on a distinct set of ethical principles and values.
C. Incorporating ethical decision-making elements: By offering alternative ethical frameworks and values and giving instances of how the death penalty falls short of meeting the needs of each framework, my position paper argument has the potential to contain ethical decision-making components that go beyond my initial values and views.
2
6
Portfolio Project (Part-1)
Self-Audit / Social Listening
I have decided to compare and contrast the social media strategies of Nike, Puma, and Adidas.
Social Media and the U.S. Election: Consuming the CampaignJanelle Ward
slides from November 5, 2012, the third session of the course Social Media and the U.S. Election. The course is taught by Janelle Ward and hosted by the John Adams Institute in Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
The relationships between sports fans and professional athletes has traditionally existed only at the para-social level; that is, fans watch their heroes perform on the field and identify with their successes - internalizing a player's and/or team's success as a personal one. Of course, any felt relationship between the fan and athlete is typically an imagined one, and usually of much greater importance to the fan. However, as more athletes take to social media to express their opinions on a broad spectrum of topics - both sports and non-sports related - this relationship has the potential to be both more intimate for the fan and more meaningful for the athlete. Recent evidence of this is use of social media by NFL players to plead their side of the labor dispute directly to the fans, circumventing both traditional media and team management in an effort to rally fan support from their followers. Yet, it is this circumvention that places a potential strain on team owners and other sports management executives, whose management role often includes maintaining the public image of the team as well as ensuring it's financial health (not mutually exclusive roles). As players continue to publish their raw thoughts and personalities via social media, concerns about how these players represent themselves and their franchises is at the forefront of sports management issues. If teams censor their athletes they run the risk of alienating fans, but if teams allow them to publish unfiltered, their overall brand might suffer. This presentation will highlight the current state of affairs by analyzing the role of social media in connecting fans to athletes, and the potential benefits and pitfalls of this relationship for sports management executives.
Dr. Bowman (Ph.D., Michigan State University) is an Assistant Professor of Communication Studies at WVU, where he researches and teaches courses on media psychology and the role of new media in human communication. A former athlete and sports writer, he has applied both of these areas of interest to focus on how fans use and are influenced by sports media. He has published work in leading communication research journals, including Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, New Media & Society, and Journal of Communication, and he has authored a recent chapter on fantasy sports research for a Sports Fandom Anthology due out later this year.
Bcom 275 guide 3 12) Consider the following statement: “So what if the Senat...yamunaupm
12) Consider the following statement: “So what if the Senator accepted a little kickback money—most politicians are corrupt after all.” This is an example of which fallacy?
A. Argument from envy
B. Straw man
C. Argument from tradition
D. Argument from common practice
Bcom 275 guide 3 4) This response style normally does not help unless the se...lahoredelimarm
4) This response style normally does not help unless the sender has asked for your advice.
A. Paraphrasing
B. Evaluating
C. Questioning
D. Interpreting
Bcom 275 guide 3 28) Deliberately blaming individuals or groups for things th...lahoredelimarm
28) Deliberately blaming individuals or groups for things they really did not do is called
A. stereotyping
B. ethnocentrism
C. scapegoating
D. discriminating
In this keynote delivered at the National Council of Teachers of English, Katherin Garland represents Katie Dredger, Crystal Beach, and Cathy Leogrande in exploring how media represent those who are marginalized in sports and sports media. A transcript follows.
1.
What is meant by the term "hidden" corporate culture?
a.
the values and beliefs of the corporation that shape employees' attitudes
b.
the tendency to promote individuals to their level of incompetence
c.
an organization's tendency to shift goals to perpetuate its existence
d.
the placement of minorities in highly visible but powerless positions
2.
Anthony, a retired Army officer, is a professor of sociology at a small state university. During the Vietnam War, he was awarded the Medal of Honor and he usually wears a small ribbon on the lapel of his suit coat denoting this. He also wears his West Point ring from the class of 1965. Using the terminology of dramaturgy, the lapel pin and class ring would be classified as ________.
a.
stages
b.
background assumptions
c.
role performances
d.
props
3.
How does the mass media influence gender roles in contemporary American society?
a.
It encourages a sexless society.
b.
It encourages women to assume male roles to be successful.
c.
It reinforces gender roles considered appropriate for one's sex.
d.
It encourages cross-gender behavior.
4.
What did the Harlow experiment conclude as being the key to infant-mother bonding?
a.
peer socialization
b.
feeding and grooming
c.
intimate social contact
d.
intellectual development
5.
Jane is a 49-year-old woman of Irish-German descent. What do these characteristics have in common?
a.
These are examples of her ascribed statuses.
b.
These are examples of her achieved statuses.
c.
These, particularly her Irish-German descent, are part of her master status.
d.
These characteristics are examples of status inconsistency.
6.
Which of Williams' U.S. values is contradicts the other values of freedom, democracy, and equality?
a.
science and technology
b.
material comfort
c.
group superiority
d.
religiosity
7.
Which groups of social theorists would focus most on macro-level analysis when examining patterns of society?
a.
symbolic interactionists and structural functionalists
b.
symbolic interactionists and conflict theorists
c.
conflict theorists and structural functionalists
d.
conflict theorists and symbolic interactionists
8.
Sociologists have identified an emerging set of five interrelated values in American society. What are these emerging values?
a.
self-destiny, spirituality, environmental concern, technological awareness, and physical fitness
b.
leisure, self-fulfillment, physical fitness, youthfulness, and environmental concern
c.
freedom, equality, romantic love, youthfulness, and physical fitness
d.
romantic love, individualism, mental health, self-fulfillment, and equality
9.
Steve and Naomi are counting the empty whiskey bottles in trashcans to measure the level of whiskey consumption in town. These researchers are using a method of research referred to as ________.
a.
documentation
b.
participant observation
c.
survey research
d.
unobtrusive measures
10.
The spread of cultural characteristics from one group to another refers to ________.
a..
2
I.
II.
INTRODUCTION
A. Morally justifiable within a consequentialist framework. Disproportionately affects minority populations and those with mental health issues.
B. Abolishing the death penalty is an act of courage, justice, and compassion.
III.
BODY
1.
Body Part 1
A. Morally justifiable within a consequentialist framework: Abolishing the death penalty is morally justifiable when evaluated via the Consequentialist Framework, which looks at the results of an action.
B. Disproportionately affects minority populations and those with mental health issues: Executing a mentally ill person violates their human rights and is a moral outrage. Executing someone because of their ethnicity or socioeconomic situation is also unjust.
C. Abolishing the death penalty is an act of courage, justice, and compassion: When evaluated through the Virtue Framework, my viewpoint is ethical since it is a brave and just act to defend the weak and campaign for a society that respects and protects human life and the rule of law.
2.
Body Part 2
A. Argument from consequence: Some argue that the death sentence is the best way to discourage criminal behavior and protect society from violent offenders.
B. Argument from duty: For others, the death penalty is a means to an end that will provide them peace of mind and justice.
C. Argument from virtue: Finally, some may argue that retributive justice and compassion for victims require the use of the death sentence.
3.
Body Part 3
A. Utilitarian and deontological frameworks: I may use the utilitarian and deontological frameworks, emphasizing the results of our acts and our duties to others.
B. Virtue Framework: The virtue framework is another source of inspiration for me; it stresses the value of fairness, kindness, and charity.
C. Illustrative cases: I may provide examples of how the death sentence violates the principles outlined in these ethical theories.
IV.
CONCLUSION
A. Abolishing the death penalty is essential for justice and life: Recognizing the moral implications of murdering innocent individuals and punishing specific communities disproportionately is crucial when considering the death sentence's ethical implications.
B. Potential for conflicting moral views: There is a possibility that my moral stance on the death penalty will disagree with the moral perspectives of others because it is based on a distinct set of ethical principles and values.
C. Incorporating ethical decision-making elements: By offering alternative ethical frameworks and values and giving instances of how the death penalty falls short of meeting the needs of each framework, my position paper argument has the potential to contain ethical decision-making components that go beyond my initial values and views.
2
6
Portfolio Project (Part-1)
Self-Audit / Social Listening
I have decided to compare and contrast the social media strategies of Nike, Puma, and Adidas.
Social Media and the U.S. Election: Consuming the CampaignJanelle Ward
slides from November 5, 2012, the third session of the course Social Media and the U.S. Election. The course is taught by Janelle Ward and hosted by the John Adams Institute in Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
The relationships between sports fans and professional athletes has traditionally existed only at the para-social level; that is, fans watch their heroes perform on the field and identify with their successes - internalizing a player's and/or team's success as a personal one. Of course, any felt relationship between the fan and athlete is typically an imagined one, and usually of much greater importance to the fan. However, as more athletes take to social media to express their opinions on a broad spectrum of topics - both sports and non-sports related - this relationship has the potential to be both more intimate for the fan and more meaningful for the athlete. Recent evidence of this is use of social media by NFL players to plead their side of the labor dispute directly to the fans, circumventing both traditional media and team management in an effort to rally fan support from their followers. Yet, it is this circumvention that places a potential strain on team owners and other sports management executives, whose management role often includes maintaining the public image of the team as well as ensuring it's financial health (not mutually exclusive roles). As players continue to publish their raw thoughts and personalities via social media, concerns about how these players represent themselves and their franchises is at the forefront of sports management issues. If teams censor their athletes they run the risk of alienating fans, but if teams allow them to publish unfiltered, their overall brand might suffer. This presentation will highlight the current state of affairs by analyzing the role of social media in connecting fans to athletes, and the potential benefits and pitfalls of this relationship for sports management executives.
Dr. Bowman (Ph.D., Michigan State University) is an Assistant Professor of Communication Studies at WVU, where he researches and teaches courses on media psychology and the role of new media in human communication. A former athlete and sports writer, he has applied both of these areas of interest to focus on how fans use and are influenced by sports media. He has published work in leading communication research journals, including Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, New Media & Society, and Journal of Communication, and he has authored a recent chapter on fantasy sports research for a Sports Fandom Anthology due out later this year.
Bcom 275 guide 3 12) Consider the following statement: “So what if the Senat...yamunaupm
12) Consider the following statement: “So what if the Senator accepted a little kickback money—most politicians are corrupt after all.” This is an example of which fallacy?
A. Argument from envy
B. Straw man
C. Argument from tradition
D. Argument from common practice
Bcom 275 guide 3 4) This response style normally does not help unless the se...lahoredelimarm
4) This response style normally does not help unless the sender has asked for your advice.
A. Paraphrasing
B. Evaluating
C. Questioning
D. Interpreting
Bcom 275 guide 3 28) Deliberately blaming individuals or groups for things th...lahoredelimarm
28) Deliberately blaming individuals or groups for things they really did not do is called
A. stereotyping
B. ethnocentrism
C. scapegoating
D. discriminating
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From Loving the Hero to Despising the Villain: Sports Fans, Facebook, and Social Identity Threats
1. From Loving the Hero to Despising
From Loving the Hero to Despising
the Villain: Sports Fans, Facebook,
the Villain: Sports Fans, Facebook,
and Social Identity Threats
and Social Identity Threats
Jimmy Sanderson
Jimmy Sanderson
Department of Communication Studies
Department of Communication Studies
Clemson University
Clemson University
2. Outline
I. Introduction
I. Introduction
II. Review of Literature
II. Review of Literature
III. Methodology
III. Methodology
IV. Result
IV. Result
V. Discussion
V. Discussion
VI. Conclusion
VI. Conclusion
4. A. Abstract
A. Abstract
This research explored how University of Cincinnati
football fans used Facebook to manage a social identity
threat by conducting thematic analysis of wall postings in
the ‘‘Get Out of Our City Brian Kelly’’ Facebook group.
Results revealed that fans’ responses to this threat include
(a) rallying, (b) stigmatizing, (c) victimization, (d)
intimidation, and (e) degradation.
5. B. Background
B. Background
The football coach Brian Kelly who had brought
unprecedented success to Cincinnati resigned the team
suddenly to become the head coach of the university
of Notre Dame
Brian Kelly’s departure bring the social identity threat
to the Cincinnati as a results the Cincinnati fans made
a Facebook page “Get Out of Our City Brian Kelly”
to manage such social identity threat.
6. II. Review of Literature
II. Review of Literature
A. Sports Fans and Identification
B. Social Media Sites and Sports Fans
C. Social Identity Threats and Sports Fans
7. A. Sports Fans and Identification
A. Sports Fans and Identification
Identification occurs when media users perceive that
they share similarities with a celebrity
(Fraser & Brown, 2002; Soukup, 2006).
When athletes and teams are successful, fans more
overtly express their identification with ‘‘winners,’’
whereas they invoke distance when athletes and
teams are unsuccessful (Partridge, Wann, & Elison, 2010).
Identification creates interpersonal connections
and initiates social life satisfaction
8. A. Sports Fans and Identification (Conti.)
A. Sports Fans and Identification (Conti.)
Highly identified fans are more likely to behave abnormally
at sporting events and are heavy consumers of
confrontational sports media (Wakefield & Wann, 2006).
Sports fans’ presence on social media is not lost on sports
teams, who use these channels to engage and cultivate
relationships with fans
(Waters, Burke, Jackson, & Buning, 2011).
9. B. Social Media Sites and Sports Fans
B. Social Media Sites and Sports Fans
Social media are designed to support multi-purposes
participation.
•Community
Peer-to-peer conversation
Collaboration
(Meraz, 2009)
10. B. Social Media Sites and Sports Fans (Conti)
B. Social Media Sites and Sports Fans (Conti)
Athletes and sports figures are using social media
to encourage interaction with fans. (Sanderson, 2011)
Social media are channels where fans can distribute
community, connect with other fans, and interact with
athletes and sports figures -when social identity threats
occur.(ibid)
11. C. Social Identity Threats and Sports Fans
C. Social Identity Threats and Sports Fans
Social Identity Threats represents instances in which
individuals feel the collectives to which they belong
have been evaluated negatively. (Tajfel & Tuner, 1986)
Social Identity Threats can include:
•Value threats
•Distinctiveness threats
(Branscombe, Ellemers, Spears & Doosje, 1999)
12. C. Social Identity Threats and Sports Fans (Conti)
C. Social Identity Threats and Sports Fans (Conti)
Social Identity Threats classified
Value threat
Distinctiveness threats
13. C. Social Identity Threats and Sports Fans (Conti)
C. Social Identity Threats and Sports Fans (Conti)
Strategies used to manage social identity threats:
a)Individual mobility
b)Social creativity
c)Social competition
(Tajfel & Turner, 1979)
Highly identified members tend to incite conflict between
in-group and out-group ,and accept negative reactions from
their peers as to preserve uniqueness.
15. A. Data Collection
A. Data Collection
Data were obtained from wall postings in the
‘‘Get Out of Our City Brian Kelly’’ Facebook
group.
There were several reasons this particular group
was selected.
a. The most popular social media site
b. Sizeable membership
c. The group and the language used
16. B. Data Analysis
B. Data Analysis
Thematic Analysis
A qualitative analytic method for:
‘identifying, analyzing and reporting patterns
(themes) within data. It minimally organizes
and describes your data set in (rich) detail.
However, frequently it goes further than this,
and interprets various aspects of the research
topic.’Braun and Clarke, 2006, p.79
17. B. Data Analysis (Conti.)
B. Data Analysis (Conti.)
Analyzing Data
The postings were micro-analyzed and
classified into emergent categories based on the
ways that participants were reacting to this
social identity threat.
Themes were summarized and compared
to ascertain similarity, and the author compared
and reduced themes as much as possible while
still preserving meaning.
18. IV. Result
IV. Result
A. Rallying
A. Rallying
B. Stigmatizing
B. Stigmatizing
C. Victimization
C. Victimization
D. Intimidation
D. Intimidation
19. A. Rallying
A. Rallying
Rallying (Fans with optimistic reaction)
- Perceive the coach’s departure as a motivation, not a
threat.
- Encourage collective strength. (Cohesion between fans
and team)
- Convey support for the players who showed
dissatisfaction towards the coach’s resignation
announcement.
20. A. Rallying (Conti.)
A. Rallying (Conti.)
Example
1. ‘‘I hope the players use this as motivation and beat
Florida and show the country that it is the players not the
coaches who make the difference’’ (606)
2. ‘‘Let’s show him the mistake he made and CHOMP
THE GATORS’’ (570)
3. ‘‘were gunna win the sugar bowl and show him we
dnt need his sorry ass’’ (244).
21. B. Stigmatizing
B. Stigmatizing
(Fans who devalue ND team and elevate Cincinnati
team)
•Emphasize Cincinnati’s superiority
•Ridicule Notre Dame
•Position Notre Dame as the extreme opposite of
Cincinnati
•Say that Kelly’s resignation is his downhill in career
life.
22. B. Stigmatizing (Conti.)
B. Stigmatizing (Conti.)
Example
1. ‘‘notre dame has a dead football program its not
coming back and UC is here to stay. fighting irish my
butt, they’re fighting for one win these days’’ (100)
2. ‘‘notre dameผa bad football team and cincinnatiผa
good one. oh wait, that’s not an analogy . . . it’s reality’’
(987)
23. C. Victimization
C. Victimization
(Fans who feel victimized)
•Being betrayed and abandoned because of Brian Kelly’s
departure.
•Being disappointed and hurt.
•Has their expectations violated.
•Traumatized by Brian Kelly’s leave.
24. C. Victimization (Conti.)
C. Victimization (Conti.)
Example
1. ‘‘Brian Kelly, you have betrayed us’’ (141)
2. ‘‘BK lied to the players and lied to the city’’ (41)
3. ‘‘Brian Kelly is a traitor, you let everyone down’’
(219).
4. “Kelly was also labeled as ‘‘benedict kelly’’
(523)
5. ‘‘sellout’’ (45, 107)
25. D. Intimidation
D. Intimidation
(Fans who are highly identified with the team)
•Derogate Kelly by using aggressive words.
•Tend to instigate physical confrontation.
26. D. Intimidation (Conti.)
D. Intimidation (Conti.)
Example
1. ‘‘fuck brian kelly’’ (42)
2. ‘‘FUCK YOU BRIAN KELLY’’ (664)
3. ‘‘wow kelly ur an ass hole’’ (621)
4. ‘‘Brian Kelly can eat shit and die’’ (195)
5. ‘‘brian kelly is a piece of SHIT!’’ (1023)
28. E. Degradation (Conti)
E. Degradation (Conti)
Example
1. “a bitch” (156)
2. ‘‘a fucking dick’’ (14)
3. ‘‘i fucking hate you COCKSUCKER’’ (823)
4. ‘‘HEY BRIAN KELLY EAT A BAG OF DICKS
AND CHOKE ON A GIANT BLACK DILDO YOU
PIECE OF SHIT’’ (28)
5. ‘‘Brian Kelly you are a fucking douchebag liar fat
fuck!!!!!!’’ (821)
30. Discussion
Discussion
Social identity theory’s utility in understanding fan
behavior.
Fans’ social identity extends beyond the game and
encompasses personnel decisions.
Fans’ social identity extends beyond the game and
encompasses personnel decisions.
How group communication norms incite and reinforce
derogatory communication.
31. Discussion
Discussion
Social media intensifies rather than reduces anger.
Social media provides a populated forum for
ideologies of masculinity in sport to perpetuate.
Social media is a venue where fans selectively selfpresent their social identity after it has been threatened.
Fans ameliorated social identity by subjugating any
possible internal reasons for Kelly’s departure.
32. Limitations
Limitations
- Explored only one social media forum in response to
one sport personality leaving a team.
- Did not indicate that community members with
opposing views on Kelly’s departure interacted with
one another to persuade others to adopt their response.
The communication was overwhelmingly critical of
Kelly.
33. Future Research
Future Research
- incorporate responses from multiple social media
platforms which may contain divergent messages.
- Examine how group dialogue influences social
identity threat response.
- Question if there are certain sport figures who fans
correlate with their social identity more than others,
and whose departures are more problematic?
- Look at other behavior by sport figures that constitute
social identity threats for fans.
34. VI. Conclusion
VI. Conclusion
Social media will continue to blossom as a channel for
sports fans to communicate with one another and sports
figures. Also, it has become the prime avenue for
expressing social identity and mitigating social identity
threats. Identification with sports teams is indeed intense,
blinding fans’ better judgment, which speaks to the
importance of continuing this line of research.