Fritsch classification of algae

1. FRITSCH CLASSIFICATION OF MICROALGAE
SUBJECT : MICROALGAL TECHNOLOGY
Presented by,
DHARSHINIPRIYA MUTHUSAMY
I M.SC MICROBIOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY
VIVEKANANDHA ARTS AND SCIENCE COLLEGE FOR WOMEN
SANKAGIRI, SALEM, TAMILNADU, INDIA.

2. CONTENT
 Introduction of algae
 Fritsch classification
 Occurence
 Pigment
 Reserve food
 Structure
 Reproduction

3. Introduction of algae
 Algae are photosynthetic eukaryotic organisms.
 Algae are found in water and soil.
 They are commonly found in aquatic environment
including fresh water, marine water and brackish water.
 They are either motile or non-motile
 It contain a chloroplast
 The algae include both the microscopic unicellular to
macroscopic multicellular organisms.
 Algae are plant like characteristics organisms.
 Algae reproduce both sexually and asexually.

4.  Microalgae another name called as a,
phytoplankton
Microphytes
Planktonic organisms
 Fritsch (1935) classified into the whole of the algae into
eleven classes.

5. Classification of algae by
FRITSCH
 F.E.FRITSCH (1935) proposed a classification for algae based
on pigmentation, types of flagella, reserve food materials,
thallus structure and reproduction.
 He published his classification in this book “The Structure
And Reproduction Of Algae”.
 He classified algae into 11 classes namely,
1. Chlorophyceae 7. Chloromonadineae
2. Xanthophyceae 8. Euglinineae
3. Chrysophyceae 9. Phaeophyceae
4. Bacillariophyceae 10. Rhodophyceae
5. Cryptophyceae 11. Myxophyceae
6. Dinophyceae

6. Class 1: chlorophyceae (green
algae)
 Occurence : Most form of fresh water and few
of marine water
 Pigment : Chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids
 Reserve food : Starch
 Structure : Unicellular and motile to
filamentous, Cell wall is made up of cellulose
 Reproduction : Sexual reproduction isogamous,
anisogamous and oogamous types.
 Example : Chlamydomonas , Volvox, chlorella

7. Class 2 : Xanthophyceae (yellow –
green algae)
 Occurence : Most form of fresh water but few of
marine water
 Pigment : Yellow xanthophyll is present
 Reserve food : Oil
 Structure : Unicellular, motile to simple filamentous.
Cell wall rich in pectin compound
Absence of pyrenoids
 Reproduction : Sexual reproduction , isogamous type
 Example : Vaucheria , Microspora

8. Class 3 : Chrysophyceae (Golden
algae)
 Occurance : Most form occur in cold fresh water but few of
marine water
 Pigment : Chromatophores are brown or orange.
. Phycochrysin is main pigment.
 Reserve food : fat and leucosin
 Structure : Plants are Unicellular, motile to branched
filamentous Flagella are unequal end Cells commonly
contain one or two particle chromatophore present
 Reproduction : Sexual reproduction, isogamous type
 Example : Chrysosphaera

9. Class 4 : Bacillariophyceae
(Diatoms)
 Occurence : In all kind of Bacillariophyceae are
present in fresh, soil, marine and brackish water.
 Pigment : Chromatophores are yellow or golden
brown algae, chlorophyll e present.
 Reserve food : fat and volutin
 Structure : All the member are Unicellular or
colonical . The cell wall spotly composed silica
pectin compound. Cell wall richly ornamental.
 Reproduction : Forms are diploid, sexual
reproduction is a special type.
 Example : pinnularia

10. Class 5 : Cryptophyceae
 Occurence : Both in fresh and marine water.
 Pigment : Chlorophyll a ,chromatophores are highly
present
 Reserve food : Solid carbohydrates or some case of
starch.
 Structure : Represented by motile cells and most
advanced forms cocci and flagella
are slightly unequal.
 Reproduction : isogamous
 Example : Cryptomonas, Chroomonas.

11. Class 6 : Dinophyceae
 Occurence : Sea water present in mainly ,few may
be fresh water form.
 Pigment : Chromatophore are dark yellow and brown
etc.., contain a number of Special pigment.
 Reserve food : Starch and oil
 Structure : Plants are Unicellular motile to branched
filamentous.
 Reproduction : Sexual reproduction, isogamous type.
 Example : Dinoflagellates ceratium

12. Class 7 :
Chloromonadineae
 Occurence : All algae are fresh water
forms.
 Pigment : Chromatophore are bright
green in colour and contain on excess
of Xanthophyll.
 Reserve food : Oil
 Structure : Plants are motile flagellate
with two almost equal flagella.
 Reproduction : Reproduction take
place by longitudional devision.
 Example : Vacuolaria.

13. Class 8 : Euglinineae
 Occurence : Only fresh water forms are know .
 Pigments : Chromatophore are pure green, each cell
have several chromatophore.
 Reserve food : Polysaccharide, paramylon.
 Structure : Motile flagellate, large and
prominent nucleus.
 Reproduction : Sexual reproduction is not
subsequently known , it is isogamous type.
 Example : Euglena.

14. Class 9 : Phaeophyceae
 Occurence : Mostly occur in marine water .
 Pigment : Chlorophyll a and c , carotenoids,
xanthophyll , not chlorophyll b.
 Reserve food : Mannitol , as well as laminarin and
fat.
 Structure : Plants may be simple
filamentous to bulky paraenchymatous form several
plants attain giant size.
 Reproduction : Sexual reproduction range isogamous
to oogamous , motile Gametes have two laterally
attached flagella.
 Example : Ectocarpus , sargassum.

15. Class 10 : Rhodophyceae (Red algae)
 Occurence : Few are fresh water and other are marine water.
 Pigment : Chromatophore are red and blue containing
pigment, Red – phycoerythrin , blue – phycocyanin
 Reserve food : Floridean starch.
 Structure : Simple filamentous to attaining considerable
complexity complex Of structure. Motile structure are not
known.
 Reproduction : Sexual reproduction advanced oogamous
type. The male organ produced non – motile gametes, the
female organ has a long respective neck ,after Sexual
reproduction special spore (carposphore) are produce.
 Example : Batrachospermum , polysiphonia .

16. Class 11 : Myxophyceae (cyanophyceae)
 Occurence : present in sea and fresh water.
 Pigment : Chlorophyll, carotenoids , xanthophyll,
phycoerythrin.
 Reserve food : Sugar and glycogen.
 Structure : Simple types of cell to filamentous ,
some of the filamentous form show branching , no
proper Chromatophore and non – motile stage.
 Reproduction : sexual reproduction is absent.
 Example : Oscillatoria , Nostoc , Anabena.

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