Lucrative Business & Investment Opportunities to Start Soya Nuggets Manufactu...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Lucrative Business & Investment Opportunities to Start Soya Nuggets Manufacturing Plant (Rising Market Demand of Soy nuggets)
Soya Nuggets are also known as soya chunks, nutri nuggets, soy chunks, or soy nuggets. Soya chunks are an odourless and tasteless food with a high nutritional value and a high protein content. Everyone's favourite food item, soya nuggets are a wonder bean for adults and teenagers alike. Soya Nuggets are a good source of protein and polyunsaturated fats, as well as being the only legume that contains enough omega-3 fatty acids.
For More Details: https://niir.org/profile-project-reports/profiles/soya-soy-based-food-products-soy-sauce-soy-yogurt-soybean-flour-soybean-oil-soy-milk-soya-extract-soy-protein-soya-nuggets-soya-paneer-tofu/z,,e8,0,a/index.html
Contact us
Niir Project Consultancy Services
An ISO 9001:2015 Company
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Mall ST,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886
Mobile: +91-9097075054, 8800733955
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Processing of Cereal Foods, Wheat, Corn, Barely, Sorghum, Oat and Rice Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Processing of Cereal Foods, Wheat, Corn, Barely, Sorghum, Oat and Rice (Rye, Triticale, Millets, Flour, Bread, Cookies, Starches, Sorghum Malt, Sweet Corn, Lager Beer, Sour, Opaque Beer, Dry Milling, Cutting and Flaking, Rolling-Milling, Drying and Cooling,)
Wheat is a grass widely cultivated for its seed, a cereal grain which is a worldwide staple food. There are many species of wheat which together make up the genus Triticum the most widely grown is common wheat.
Rice is the seed of the grass species Oryza sativa (Asian rice) or Oryzaglaberrima (African rice). As a cereal grain, it is the most widely consumed staple food for a large part of the world's human population, especially in Asia. It is the agricultural commodity with the third-highest worldwide production, after sugarcane and maize.
See more
https://goo.gl/TM26tf
https://goo.gl/adMMBY
https://goo.gl/aF542q
Contact us:
Niir Project Consultancy Services
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Tags
Wheat Processing, Wheat Milling Process, Processing of Wheat, Wheat and Grain Processing, How Wheat is Processed into Flour, Wheat Processing Methods, Wheat Processing Plant, Organic Wheat Production and Processing, Cereal and Grain Processing, Wheat Processing Line, Rice Processing, Rice Processing Methods, Rice Processing Plants, Rice Processing Equipment, Corn Processing, Processing Maize, Corn Processing Industry, Corn Processing Products, Oats Process, Processing of Oats, Processing Oats Food, Oat Processing Plant, Agro-Processing of Maize and Oats, Barely Processing, Grain Processing, Seed & Grain Processing, Whole Grain Processing, Grain Processing Industry, Processing of Sorghum, Processing and Utilization of Sorghum, Processing of Maize and Sorghum, Wheat, Rice, Corn, Oat, Barley and Sorghum Processing, Grain Sorghum Processing, Cereal Food Processing, Cereal Processing, Cultivation of Grain, Rice, Barely, Oats and Sorghum, Cereal Food Processing Equipment, Small Scale Cereal Processing, Cereals and Cereal Products, Processing Maize Flour and Corn Meal Food Products, How to Process Raw Wheat to Flour, Milling Process of Wheat Flour, Wheat Milling Plant, Whole Wheat Processing, Milling and Processing on Wheat, Processing of Wheat into Flour, Wheat Flour Mill Process, Rolling Milling Process of Wheat, Rice Milling, Rice Milling and Processing, Rice Utilization, Drying Method of Rice, Corn Utilization, Oat Utilization, Rye Processing, Milling Process for Rye, Growing Triticale, Growing Wheat, Cultivation of wheat, X-M Rice Milling Process, Rice Bran Oil, Sweet Corn Processing, Cutting and Flaking, Oat Flour Processing, Rye Flour, Vitamins, Minerals, Sorghum Molt Processing, Production of Sorghum Beer,
Soybean have attained unique distinction for its varied uses and extra-ordinary nutritional qualities. However, Soybean requires proper processing to make suitable for use as food, feed or industrial products.
In India, Soybean oil is mainly used as cooking medium. The soya milk consumption now-a-days has emerged as a healthy drink habit as it is a high protein and low calorie food especially to those, who are intolerant to lactose present in animal milk. In addition, it also serves as raw material for manufacture of Vanaspati. Soybean cake is mostly used as an ingredient in the manufacture of cattle feed. The emerging consumer acceptance has led to manufacture of many protein rich food products such as nutri-nuggets, protesnac, nutri soy powder, etc., which are being manufactured in the country from soy protein. The Soybean meal has also been added in the manufacture of bread by some agencies for raising nutritive value of product without any significant change in flavour or price of the bread. The Agro-Industries can exploit the potentialities of Soybeans because it has multifarious uses. It can be utilized in the preparation of Antibiotics, in the manufacture of lard, margarine, vegetable oil and ghee, paints, varnishes, linoleum, printing inks, glycerine, explosive, etc. besides, in every home its products like, Soy flour, Soy milk, Soy oil as cooking medium, Soybean cake is rich in nitrogen and mineral content and can be very well utilized as a manure for the soil and as a cattle feed for the animals.
The complete technology book on dairy & poultry industries with farming a...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
The Complete Technology Book on Dairy & Poultry Industries with Farming and Processing (2nd Revised Edition)
Domesticated animals raised in an agricultural context to provide labour and commodities such as meat, eggs, milk, fur, leather, and wool are generally referred to as livestock. The phrase is sometimes used to refer entirely to animals bred for human consumption, while other times it only refers to farmed ruminants like cattle, sheep, and goats.
For More Details, Click here: https://www.entrepreneurindia.co/book-details/51/the-complete-technology-book-on-dairy-poultry-industries-with-farming-and-processing-2nd-revised-edition-
Contact us
Niir Project Consultancy Services
An ISO 9001:2015 Company
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Mall ST,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com, info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886
Mobile: +91-9097075054, 8800733955
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co, www.niir.org
Importance, area, production and productivity of cerealsVENKATESH AGRI
India is an agricultural country. They produce 3 classes of crops such as Food crops, Commercial crops & Oil seeds. The main food crops of India are Rice, Wheat, Maize & Barley etc.
Maize Processing Business Plan- Maize and it’s By Products Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Maize Processing Business Plan- Maize and it’s By Products (Maize Starch, Sorbitol, Liquid Glucose, Dextrose Monohydrate, Dextrose Anhydrous, Gluten and Maltodextrin). Profitable Business Opportunity.
Maize may be a cereal grain first domesticated by indigenous peoples in southern Mexico about 10,000 years ago. The leafy stalk of the plant produces pollen inflorescences and separate ovuliferous inflorescences called ears that yield kernels or seeds, which are fruits. Maize is widely cultivated throughout the globe, and a greater weight of maize is produced every year than the other grain.
Corn, also called Indian corn or maize, cereal plant of the grass family (Poaceae) and its edible grain. The domesticated crop originated within the Americas and is one among the foremost cosmopolitan of the world’s food crops. Corn is used as livestock feed, as human food, as biofuel, and as raw material in industry. Within the colorful variegated strains referred to as corn are traditionally utilized in autumn harvest decorations.
For More Details, Click Here:- https://www.entrepreneurindia.co/project-and-profile-details/Maize%20Starch,%20Sorbitol,%20Liquid%20Glucose,%20Dextrose%20Monohydrate,%20Dextrose%20Anhydrous,%20Gluten%20and%20Maltodextrin-%20Maize%20and%20it%E2%80%99s%20By%20Products%20Manufacturing
Contact us
Niir Project Consultancy Services
An ISO 9001:2015 Company
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Mall ST,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886
Mobile: +91-9097075054, 8800733955
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Lucrative Business & Investment Opportunities to Start Soya Nuggets Manufactu...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Lucrative Business & Investment Opportunities to Start Soya Nuggets Manufacturing Plant (Rising Market Demand of Soy nuggets)
Soya Nuggets are also known as soya chunks, nutri nuggets, soy chunks, or soy nuggets. Soya chunks are an odourless and tasteless food with a high nutritional value and a high protein content. Everyone's favourite food item, soya nuggets are a wonder bean for adults and teenagers alike. Soya Nuggets are a good source of protein and polyunsaturated fats, as well as being the only legume that contains enough omega-3 fatty acids.
For More Details: https://niir.org/profile-project-reports/profiles/soya-soy-based-food-products-soy-sauce-soy-yogurt-soybean-flour-soybean-oil-soy-milk-soya-extract-soy-protein-soya-nuggets-soya-paneer-tofu/z,,e8,0,a/index.html
Contact us
Niir Project Consultancy Services
An ISO 9001:2015 Company
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Mall ST,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886
Mobile: +91-9097075054, 8800733955
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Processing of Cereal Foods, Wheat, Corn, Barely, Sorghum, Oat and Rice Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Processing of Cereal Foods, Wheat, Corn, Barely, Sorghum, Oat and Rice (Rye, Triticale, Millets, Flour, Bread, Cookies, Starches, Sorghum Malt, Sweet Corn, Lager Beer, Sour, Opaque Beer, Dry Milling, Cutting and Flaking, Rolling-Milling, Drying and Cooling,)
Wheat is a grass widely cultivated for its seed, a cereal grain which is a worldwide staple food. There are many species of wheat which together make up the genus Triticum the most widely grown is common wheat.
Rice is the seed of the grass species Oryza sativa (Asian rice) or Oryzaglaberrima (African rice). As a cereal grain, it is the most widely consumed staple food for a large part of the world's human population, especially in Asia. It is the agricultural commodity with the third-highest worldwide production, after sugarcane and maize.
See more
https://goo.gl/TM26tf
https://goo.gl/adMMBY
https://goo.gl/aF542q
Contact us:
Niir Project Consultancy Services
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Tags
Wheat Processing, Wheat Milling Process, Processing of Wheat, Wheat and Grain Processing, How Wheat is Processed into Flour, Wheat Processing Methods, Wheat Processing Plant, Organic Wheat Production and Processing, Cereal and Grain Processing, Wheat Processing Line, Rice Processing, Rice Processing Methods, Rice Processing Plants, Rice Processing Equipment, Corn Processing, Processing Maize, Corn Processing Industry, Corn Processing Products, Oats Process, Processing of Oats, Processing Oats Food, Oat Processing Plant, Agro-Processing of Maize and Oats, Barely Processing, Grain Processing, Seed & Grain Processing, Whole Grain Processing, Grain Processing Industry, Processing of Sorghum, Processing and Utilization of Sorghum, Processing of Maize and Sorghum, Wheat, Rice, Corn, Oat, Barley and Sorghum Processing, Grain Sorghum Processing, Cereal Food Processing, Cereal Processing, Cultivation of Grain, Rice, Barely, Oats and Sorghum, Cereal Food Processing Equipment, Small Scale Cereal Processing, Cereals and Cereal Products, Processing Maize Flour and Corn Meal Food Products, How to Process Raw Wheat to Flour, Milling Process of Wheat Flour, Wheat Milling Plant, Whole Wheat Processing, Milling and Processing on Wheat, Processing of Wheat into Flour, Wheat Flour Mill Process, Rolling Milling Process of Wheat, Rice Milling, Rice Milling and Processing, Rice Utilization, Drying Method of Rice, Corn Utilization, Oat Utilization, Rye Processing, Milling Process for Rye, Growing Triticale, Growing Wheat, Cultivation of wheat, X-M Rice Milling Process, Rice Bran Oil, Sweet Corn Processing, Cutting and Flaking, Oat Flour Processing, Rye Flour, Vitamins, Minerals, Sorghum Molt Processing, Production of Sorghum Beer,
Soybean have attained unique distinction for its varied uses and extra-ordinary nutritional qualities. However, Soybean requires proper processing to make suitable for use as food, feed or industrial products.
In India, Soybean oil is mainly used as cooking medium. The soya milk consumption now-a-days has emerged as a healthy drink habit as it is a high protein and low calorie food especially to those, who are intolerant to lactose present in animal milk. In addition, it also serves as raw material for manufacture of Vanaspati. Soybean cake is mostly used as an ingredient in the manufacture of cattle feed. The emerging consumer acceptance has led to manufacture of many protein rich food products such as nutri-nuggets, protesnac, nutri soy powder, etc., which are being manufactured in the country from soy protein. The Soybean meal has also been added in the manufacture of bread by some agencies for raising nutritive value of product without any significant change in flavour or price of the bread. The Agro-Industries can exploit the potentialities of Soybeans because it has multifarious uses. It can be utilized in the preparation of Antibiotics, in the manufacture of lard, margarine, vegetable oil and ghee, paints, varnishes, linoleum, printing inks, glycerine, explosive, etc. besides, in every home its products like, Soy flour, Soy milk, Soy oil as cooking medium, Soybean cake is rich in nitrogen and mineral content and can be very well utilized as a manure for the soil and as a cattle feed for the animals.
The complete technology book on dairy & poultry industries with farming a...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
The Complete Technology Book on Dairy & Poultry Industries with Farming and Processing (2nd Revised Edition)
Domesticated animals raised in an agricultural context to provide labour and commodities such as meat, eggs, milk, fur, leather, and wool are generally referred to as livestock. The phrase is sometimes used to refer entirely to animals bred for human consumption, while other times it only refers to farmed ruminants like cattle, sheep, and goats.
For More Details, Click here: https://www.entrepreneurindia.co/book-details/51/the-complete-technology-book-on-dairy-poultry-industries-with-farming-and-processing-2nd-revised-edition-
Contact us
Niir Project Consultancy Services
An ISO 9001:2015 Company
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Mall ST,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com, info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886
Mobile: +91-9097075054, 8800733955
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co, www.niir.org
Importance, area, production and productivity of cerealsVENKATESH AGRI
India is an agricultural country. They produce 3 classes of crops such as Food crops, Commercial crops & Oil seeds. The main food crops of India are Rice, Wheat, Maize & Barley etc.
Maize Processing Business Plan- Maize and it’s By Products Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Maize Processing Business Plan- Maize and it’s By Products (Maize Starch, Sorbitol, Liquid Glucose, Dextrose Monohydrate, Dextrose Anhydrous, Gluten and Maltodextrin). Profitable Business Opportunity.
Maize may be a cereal grain first domesticated by indigenous peoples in southern Mexico about 10,000 years ago. The leafy stalk of the plant produces pollen inflorescences and separate ovuliferous inflorescences called ears that yield kernels or seeds, which are fruits. Maize is widely cultivated throughout the globe, and a greater weight of maize is produced every year than the other grain.
Corn, also called Indian corn or maize, cereal plant of the grass family (Poaceae) and its edible grain. The domesticated crop originated within the Americas and is one among the foremost cosmopolitan of the world’s food crops. Corn is used as livestock feed, as human food, as biofuel, and as raw material in industry. Within the colorful variegated strains referred to as corn are traditionally utilized in autumn harvest decorations.
For More Details, Click Here:- https://www.entrepreneurindia.co/project-and-profile-details/Maize%20Starch,%20Sorbitol,%20Liquid%20Glucose,%20Dextrose%20Monohydrate,%20Dextrose%20Anhydrous,%20Gluten%20and%20Maltodextrin-%20Maize%20and%20it%E2%80%99s%20By%20Products%20Manufacturing
Contact us
Niir Project Consultancy Services
An ISO 9001:2015 Company
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Mall ST,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886
Mobile: +91-9097075054, 8800733955
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Many developing countries still have a significant quantity of land available that is well adapted to rain-fed crops – about as much as now is being farmed (over 1.7 billion acres). These lands do not include areas inhabited by human beings, forests, or protected areas.
If a country can produce and export biofuels, it will have a stronger economy and more resources to address the needs of the poor.
Africa, with its significant sugar cane/Cassava production potential, is often cited as a region that could profit from experience and technology, although obstacles to realizing it (infrastructure, institutional, etc.) should not be underestimated.
The Complete Book on Organic Farming and Production of Organic Compost (2nd R...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
The Complete Book on Organic Farming and Production of Organic Compost (2nd Revised Edition)
Organic farming is a technique that entails growing plants and raising animals in a natural environment. To preserve soil fertility and ecological balance while minimising contamination and waste, this method employs biological materials while avoiding synthetic substances. To put it another way, organic farming is a form of farming that involves growing and caring for crops without the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides.
https://www.entrepreneurindia.co/book-details/188/the-complete-book-on-organic-farming-and-production-of-organic-compost-2nd-revised-edition-
Contact us
Niir Project Consultancy Services
An ISO 9001:2015 Company
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Mall ST,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886
Mobile: +91-9097075054, 8800733955
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Soy Milk Business & Economics presentation at the INTSOY 2011 International soy seminar at the University of Illinois June 5 -10, 2011. What and how Soy Milk is made, Economics of Soy Milk Production and analysis of production into the context of world hunger and possible local and regional solutions with soy milk. Alternative production with protein isolates is analyzed and compared to bean extraction.
Oilseeds crop is one of the most important cash crops grown in Nepal. Oilseeds are the crops grown for oil extraction from their seeds.
They are a very important component of semi- tropical and tropical agriculture, providing easily available and highly nutritious human and animal food.
Recent studies have shown that at the current rate of growth, by 2050 the human population will have swelled to 9.5 billion. Recent FAO statistics have also shown that we do currently not have enough land set aside for cultivating crops to cope with this population surge.
지난 26일(2014/7/26), 지앤선과 KSUG가 함께 진행했던 세미나에서 발표한 람다 관련 내용입니다.
첫 시간에 정대원님이 발표하신 람다 기본에 다루지 않은 내용만 정리했는데 지난 번에 올렸던 자료(http://www.slideshare.net/gyumee/java-8-lambda-35352385)의 후편으로도 볼 수 있을 것 같습니다.
제 발표는 장표만으로 내용을 가늠하기 어려운데 그래도 이번에는 청각 장애인들도 참여한다고 해서 장표에 글자를 많이 넣으려고 했습니다.
Many developing countries still have a significant quantity of land available that is well adapted to rain-fed crops – about as much as now is being farmed (over 1.7 billion acres). These lands do not include areas inhabited by human beings, forests, or protected areas.
If a country can produce and export biofuels, it will have a stronger economy and more resources to address the needs of the poor.
Africa, with its significant sugar cane/Cassava production potential, is often cited as a region that could profit from experience and technology, although obstacles to realizing it (infrastructure, institutional, etc.) should not be underestimated.
The Complete Book on Organic Farming and Production of Organic Compost (2nd R...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
The Complete Book on Organic Farming and Production of Organic Compost (2nd Revised Edition)
Organic farming is a technique that entails growing plants and raising animals in a natural environment. To preserve soil fertility and ecological balance while minimising contamination and waste, this method employs biological materials while avoiding synthetic substances. To put it another way, organic farming is a form of farming that involves growing and caring for crops without the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides.
https://www.entrepreneurindia.co/book-details/188/the-complete-book-on-organic-farming-and-production-of-organic-compost-2nd-revised-edition-
Contact us
Niir Project Consultancy Services
An ISO 9001:2015 Company
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Mall ST,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886
Mobile: +91-9097075054, 8800733955
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Soy Milk Business & Economics presentation at the INTSOY 2011 International soy seminar at the University of Illinois June 5 -10, 2011. What and how Soy Milk is made, Economics of Soy Milk Production and analysis of production into the context of world hunger and possible local and regional solutions with soy milk. Alternative production with protein isolates is analyzed and compared to bean extraction.
Oilseeds crop is one of the most important cash crops grown in Nepal. Oilseeds are the crops grown for oil extraction from their seeds.
They are a very important component of semi- tropical and tropical agriculture, providing easily available and highly nutritious human and animal food.
Recent studies have shown that at the current rate of growth, by 2050 the human population will have swelled to 9.5 billion. Recent FAO statistics have also shown that we do currently not have enough land set aside for cultivating crops to cope with this population surge.
지난 26일(2014/7/26), 지앤선과 KSUG가 함께 진행했던 세미나에서 발표한 람다 관련 내용입니다.
첫 시간에 정대원님이 발표하신 람다 기본에 다루지 않은 내용만 정리했는데 지난 번에 올렸던 자료(http://www.slideshare.net/gyumee/java-8-lambda-35352385)의 후편으로도 볼 수 있을 것 같습니다.
제 발표는 장표만으로 내용을 가늠하기 어려운데 그래도 이번에는 청각 장애인들도 참여한다고 해서 장표에 글자를 많이 넣으려고 했습니다.
Spark 의 핵심은 무엇인가? RDD! (RDD paper review)Yongho Ha
요즘 Hadoop 보다 더 뜨고 있는 Spark.
그 Spark의 핵심을 이해하기 위해서는 핵심 자료구조인 Resilient Distributed Datasets (RDD)를 이해하는 것이 필요합니다.
RDD가 어떻게 동작하는지, 원 논문을 리뷰하며 살펴보도록 합시다.
http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~matei/papers/2012/sigmod_shark_demo.pdf
What is it that turns an ordinary API into a great API? This talk from OSCON 2012 outlines the 5 "keys" to having a great API. Lots of examples from successful real-world APIs are used to highlight what matters. Also, this talk reveals 7 lesser known but very important "API secrets".
This presentation discusses how Genetically Modified Soybean Seed Patent Expiry will encourage more farmers to use GM soy seed, reduce the total cost of soybean production and reduce GHG emissions as soybean will be preferred to corn and other feedstock for bioenergy production.
Biotech to Bakery - Impacts of Transgenic Crops on Your IndustryUniversity of Florida
Kevin Folta from the University of Florida presents how biotechnology stands to impact products in the bakery industry. Independent Bakers Association, Presented in Orlando, FL March 29, 2015.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
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Introduction:
RNA interference (RNAi) or Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) is an important biological process for modulating eukaryotic gene expression.
It is highly conserved process of posttranscriptional gene silencing by which double stranded RNA (dsRNA) causes sequence-specific degradation of mRNA sequences.
dsRNA-induced gene silencing (RNAi) is reported in a wide range of eukaryotes ranging from worms, insects, mammals and plants.
This process mediates resistance to both endogenous parasitic and exogenous pathogenic nucleic acids, and regulates the expression of protein-coding genes.
What are small ncRNAs?
micro RNA (miRNA)
short interfering RNA (siRNA)
Properties of small non-coding RNA:
Involved in silencing mRNA transcripts.
Called “small” because they are usually only about 21-24 nucleotides long.
Synthesized by first cutting up longer precursor sequences (like the 61nt one that Lee discovered).
Silence an mRNA by base pairing with some sequence on the mRNA.
Discovery of siRNA?
The first small RNA:
In 1993 Rosalind Lee (Victor Ambros lab) was studying a non- coding gene in C. elegans, lin-4, that was involved in silencing of another gene, lin-14, at the appropriate time in the
development of the worm C. elegans.
Two small transcripts of lin-4 (22nt and 61nt) were found to be complementary to a sequence in the 3' UTR of lin-14.
Because lin-4 encoded no protein, she deduced that it must be these transcripts that are causing the silencing by RNA-RNA interactions.
Types of RNAi ( non coding RNA)
MiRNA
Length (23-25 nt)
Trans acting
Binds with target MRNA in mismatch
Translation inhibition
Si RNA
Length 21 nt.
Cis acting
Bind with target Mrna in perfect complementary sequence
Piwi-RNA
Length ; 25 to 36 nt.
Expressed in Germ Cells
Regulates trnasposomes activity
MECHANISM OF RNAI:
First the double-stranded RNA teams up with a protein complex named Dicer, which cuts the long RNA into short pieces.
Then another protein complex called RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) discards one of the two RNA strands.
The RISC-docked, single-stranded RNA then pairs with the homologous mRNA and destroys it.
THE RISC COMPLEX:
RISC is large(>500kD) RNA multi- protein Binding complex which triggers MRNA degradation in response to MRNA
Unwinding of double stranded Si RNA by ATP independent Helicase
Active component of RISC is Ago proteins( ENDONUCLEASE) which cleave target MRNA.
DICER: endonuclease (RNase Family III)
Argonaute: Central Component of the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC)
One strand of the dsRNA produced by Dicer is retained in the RISC complex in association with Argonaute
ARGONAUTE PROTEIN :
1.PAZ(PIWI/Argonaute/ Zwille)- Recognition of target MRNA
2.PIWI (p-element induced wimpy Testis)- breaks Phosphodiester bond of mRNA.)RNAse H activity.
MiRNA:
The Double-stranded RNAs are naturally produced in eukaryotic cells during development, and they have a key role in regulating gene expression .
Richard's entangled aventures in wonderlandRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
2. Basic Information
GM soybean is one of the most widely planted genetically
modified plants in the world today. The GM soybean,
otherwise called as the Roundup Ready (RR) soybean,
was developed by the biotech giant Monsanto and made
it commercially available to farmers in 1996. It was
developed to make the plant survive being sprayed on
with the non-selective herbicide, Roundup, which can kill
conventional soybean plants.
3. Uses
What makes GM soybean an important crop is that its
many by products are being used in the manufacture of
other food products. Soy is widely used worldwide to feed
livestock. Soybeans as feed provide the protein needed by
livestock to grow. Soybeans also find their way into oil mills
where the oil is extracted and further refined for edible use.
Other byproducts coming from soybeans are processed to
become essential food ingredients and additives. Most
processed foods today may likely have a soy byproduct as
an ingredient in one way or another.
4. Positive Impacts
-pests cant eat the plants which in turn
saves more crops
-because more crops are available more
soybean bi-products can be produced which
helps the economy
5. Negative Impacts
-unsure of how it will affect us in the future
-some people don't like the fact that its GM
in general
-pests may become resistant to the GM
soybeans and continue to use natural
selection to eat the crops
6. Our Position
We think that GM soybeans should be
controlled a bit more than they are. If they
aren't continuously tested they could
potentially become dangerous to our health
without us being informed of it.