This document discusses the fundamentals of software testing and why it is important. Testing is necessary to reduce risks, increase quality, and meet contractual and legal requirements. It helps identify defects that can cause harm through loss of time, money, reputation, or injury. While errors made during development result in defects, not all defects will necessarily lead to failures. Testing measures quality by assessing how well software meets functional and non-functional requirements. Determining how much testing is needed depends on risk, quality goals, time constraints, and budget.
Fundamentals of Testing - Andika Dwi Ary CandraAnd11ka
1. The document introduces software testing fundamentals, defining key terms like defect, error, failure, and quality.
2. It explains that testing is necessary to find software defects that can cause problems, and that the cost of fixing defects rises significantly if found later in the development process.
3. The roles of testing are to identify defects during development and maintenance to reduce failures and improve quality in operations. Rigorous testing helps deliver software that meets specifications and customer needs.
Here you will get overview of Software Testing:
what is software testing life cycle
software development life cycle
Methodologies Of software testing
Levels of testing
Types of Testing
V-model Architechture of testing
Test Case Example
Defect Life Cycle
Mobile Testing Tools used
CROSS Browser Testing Tools
Website Screen Capture tools:
This document provides information on software testing concepts. It defines software as a set of instructions used to operate computers, and software testing as a process to ensure the actual results match expected results by identifying defects. Testing is important for reasons such as cost effectiveness, security, product quality, and customer satisfaction. The document also describes the software development life cycle (SDLC) and software testing life cycle (STLC) processes, and covers different types of testing including functional, non-functional, manual, and automated testing.
Software testing involves investigating a software product or service to find any issues that could compromise the system. The goals of testing are to find errors, ensure reliability and operability, satisfy customer expectations, and deliver a high-quality product. There are different types of testing, including functional tests like unit, integration, and system testing, and non-functional tests for performance, security, and more. A successful test covers all code paths, eventualities, and gathers metrics to track bugs.
Testing is a process that occurs throughout the software development lifecycle to evaluate products and determine that requirements are met. It includes both static testing such as document review and dynamic testing by executing code. The goals of testing are to determine if products satisfy requirements, demonstrate they are fit for purpose, and detect defects. Both static and dynamic testing methods are used to thoroughly test products, requirements, designs, code and related documents. Finding defects through testing improves product quality and provides feedback to strengthen development processes.
Functional Testing vs Non-Functional Testing | EdurekaEdureka!
** Software Training: https://www.edureka.co/software-testing-certification-courses **
This Edureka Functional vs Non-Functional PPT will give you an idea about both the types of testing. We will compare them on various parameters and know their types. Following are the topics covered in this PPT:
What is Software Testing?
Parameter to compare
Types of Software Testing
Real-time Use case
Software Testing: http://bit.ly/2tVEjq4
Selenium playlist: https://goo.gl/NmuzXE
Selenium Blog Series: http://bit.ly/2B7C3QR
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/edureka_learning/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/edurekaIN/
Twitter: https://twitter.com/edurekain
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/edureka
This document provides summaries of several software testing standards:
1. IEEE 1028 defines a generic process for formal reviews consisting of entry evaluation, management preparation, planning, overview of procedures, individual preparation, group examination, rework/follow-up, and exit evaluation.
2. ISO/IEC 12207 establishes a framework for software lifecycle processes including acquisition, supply, development, operation, and maintenance processes.
3. IEEE 829 specifies the format of test documentation including test plans, design specifications, case specifications, procedures, transmittal reports, logs, incident reports, and summary reports.
4. ISO 9126 defines a quality model for software evaluation consisting of characteristics like functionality, reliability,
Software testing is focused on finding defects. Important past defects found include missing names on 50,000 social security checks due to a software error, a flaw in nuclear tracking software, data conversion errors that caused the loss of the NASA Mars Climate Orbiter, and a floating point error that caused the loss of the $500 million Ariane 5 rocket. Testing answers questions about functionality, requirements, user experience, compatibility, performance, and scalability to identify defects early and improve customer satisfaction.
Fundamentals of Testing - Andika Dwi Ary CandraAnd11ka
1. The document introduces software testing fundamentals, defining key terms like defect, error, failure, and quality.
2. It explains that testing is necessary to find software defects that can cause problems, and that the cost of fixing defects rises significantly if found later in the development process.
3. The roles of testing are to identify defects during development and maintenance to reduce failures and improve quality in operations. Rigorous testing helps deliver software that meets specifications and customer needs.
Here you will get overview of Software Testing:
what is software testing life cycle
software development life cycle
Methodologies Of software testing
Levels of testing
Types of Testing
V-model Architechture of testing
Test Case Example
Defect Life Cycle
Mobile Testing Tools used
CROSS Browser Testing Tools
Website Screen Capture tools:
This document provides information on software testing concepts. It defines software as a set of instructions used to operate computers, and software testing as a process to ensure the actual results match expected results by identifying defects. Testing is important for reasons such as cost effectiveness, security, product quality, and customer satisfaction. The document also describes the software development life cycle (SDLC) and software testing life cycle (STLC) processes, and covers different types of testing including functional, non-functional, manual, and automated testing.
Software testing involves investigating a software product or service to find any issues that could compromise the system. The goals of testing are to find errors, ensure reliability and operability, satisfy customer expectations, and deliver a high-quality product. There are different types of testing, including functional tests like unit, integration, and system testing, and non-functional tests for performance, security, and more. A successful test covers all code paths, eventualities, and gathers metrics to track bugs.
Testing is a process that occurs throughout the software development lifecycle to evaluate products and determine that requirements are met. It includes both static testing such as document review and dynamic testing by executing code. The goals of testing are to determine if products satisfy requirements, demonstrate they are fit for purpose, and detect defects. Both static and dynamic testing methods are used to thoroughly test products, requirements, designs, code and related documents. Finding defects through testing improves product quality and provides feedback to strengthen development processes.
Functional Testing vs Non-Functional Testing | EdurekaEdureka!
** Software Training: https://www.edureka.co/software-testing-certification-courses **
This Edureka Functional vs Non-Functional PPT will give you an idea about both the types of testing. We will compare them on various parameters and know their types. Following are the topics covered in this PPT:
What is Software Testing?
Parameter to compare
Types of Software Testing
Real-time Use case
Software Testing: http://bit.ly/2tVEjq4
Selenium playlist: https://goo.gl/NmuzXE
Selenium Blog Series: http://bit.ly/2B7C3QR
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/edureka_learning/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/edurekaIN/
Twitter: https://twitter.com/edurekain
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/edureka
This document provides summaries of several software testing standards:
1. IEEE 1028 defines a generic process for formal reviews consisting of entry evaluation, management preparation, planning, overview of procedures, individual preparation, group examination, rework/follow-up, and exit evaluation.
2. ISO/IEC 12207 establishes a framework for software lifecycle processes including acquisition, supply, development, operation, and maintenance processes.
3. IEEE 829 specifies the format of test documentation including test plans, design specifications, case specifications, procedures, transmittal reports, logs, incident reports, and summary reports.
4. ISO 9126 defines a quality model for software evaluation consisting of characteristics like functionality, reliability,
Software testing is focused on finding defects. Important past defects found include missing names on 50,000 social security checks due to a software error, a flaw in nuclear tracking software, data conversion errors that caused the loss of the NASA Mars Climate Orbiter, and a floating point error that caused the loss of the $500 million Ariane 5 rocket. Testing answers questions about functionality, requirements, user experience, compatibility, performance, and scalability to identify defects early and improve customer satisfaction.
The document discusses software quality and testing. It defines software reliability as the probability of failure-free operation of a computer program in a given environment and time. Testing aims to find errors in programs to improve reliability, rather than show a program works correctly. The document outlines ISO quality standards for software development including ISO 9001, which provides a framework for quality processes and procedures. Organizations must comply with ISO 9001 requirements to achieve quality certification.
Software testing is defined as checking whether actual results match expected results to ensure a software system is defect-free. It helps identify errors, gaps, or missing requirements compared to actual requirements, and can be done manually or with automated tools. Testing is important because software bugs can be expensive or dangerous, potentially causing monetary or human losses. Zuci Systems applies agile methodologies, cognitive automation, and AI to offer comprehensive quality engineering without increasing costs or release cycles.
This document provides an overview of functional testing. It defines functional testing as verifying that each function of a software application operates as specified. It discusses the differences between functional and non-functional testing, the objective and focus of each. Steps in functional testing are identified as determining functionality, creating test data, determining expected outputs, executing test cases, and comparing actual and expected outputs. Types of functional testing and techniques are described along with advantages of the Selenium tool for automation.
Non-functional requirements describe how a system will operate rather than what it will do. They include qualities like usability, reliability, performance, and supportability. Usability measures how easy a system is to use, learn, and adapt to user needs. Reliability refers to the likelihood of failures and is measured by metrics like mean time between failures. Performance requirements specify the system's efficiency and response times. Supportability involves how easily a system can be maintained, internationalized, and adapted to changes.
Different types of tests performed in it environment managementEnov8
The software testing team tests the software to find out any bugs or defects before the software gets deployed and is used by the customers. There are different ways the testing occurs in the IT environment management. Here, Enov8 shares the simple ppt of different types of software testing.
The document discusses key concepts in software testing and quality analysis from the viewpoint of customers and producers. It defines bugs and errors, and outlines common causes like complexity, changing requirements, and time pressure. Testing aims to discover faults and weaknesses through execution with the intent of finding errors. The document also mentions software development lifecycles like waterfall model and V-model, as well as standards organizations. It stresses finding and fixing defects early to improve quality.
The document provides an overview of software testing fundamentals. It discusses the role of testing in the software development life cycle and how testing helps improve quality. It defines software testing as a process involving planning, preparation, execution and evaluation. Both static and dynamic testing methods are used to test software products as well as related documentation. The document also compares software testing to driving tests, noting they both involve planning, static and dynamic elements, evaluation against requirements, and aim to demonstrate fitness for purpose while detecting defects.
Quality assurance aims to identify and correct errors early in the development process through reviews and testing at each phase. The System Software Lifecycle (SSLC) model aims to ensure quality when developing software. It has five stages: requirements specification, design specification, testing and implementation, and maintenance and support. Testing is an important but difficult part of development that helps eliminate errors by determining what causes failures. Validation and certification ensure the software meets standards through simulated and live testing. Maintenance provides adjustments to comply with specifications and improve quality through problem reporting and resolution.
Software testing is a $59 billion industry in the US that helps detect errors introduced during the software development process. Effective test cases are important to optimize limited resources and catch errors before customers encounter defects. Testing is a critical part of the software development lifecycle used to find errors and show requirements are met, though finding no errors does not prove code is perfect. The next article will discuss market trends in software testing.
In this chapter, we will introduce you to the fundamentals of testing: why testing is needed; its limitations, objectives and purpose; the principles behind testing; the process that testers follow; and some of the psychological factors that testers must consider in their work. By reading this chapter you'll gain an understanding of the fundamentals of testing and be able to describe those fundamentals.
The document discusses testing concepts such as code with tests vs without tests, test-oriented development, and different types of testing including unit testing, integration testing, and acceptance testing. It provides examples of test-driven development (TDD) and behavior-driven development (BDD) processes. The document also discusses tips for testing, including only testing what is necessary and identifying the appropriate types of testing for an application. Frameworks and tools for test automation and continuous integration are also mentioned.
The document describes an introduction to software testing presentation. It discusses the software development life cycle (SDLC) which includes planning, analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance phases. It then explains different software development methodologies like structured design, rapid application development, and agile development. Finally, it provides definitions and goals of software testing, and presents a model of the software testing process.
TOPS Technologies offer Professional Software Testing Training in Ahmedabad.
Ahmedabad Office (C G Road)
903 Samedh Complex,
Next to Associated Petrol Pump,
CG Road,
Ahmedabad 380009.
http://www.tops-int.com/live-project-training-software-testing.html
Most experienced IT Training Institute in Ahmedabad known for providing software testing course as per Industry Standards and Requirement.
Non-Functional Requirements are as important as Functional Requirements. Requirement that cannot be measured is not a requirement. NFR's are critical for successful software architecture development
1) The document discusses the importance of testing software for defects that can cause failures and harm. It defines key terms like mistake, defect, fault, failure, error, and bug.
2) Defects can arise during various stages of software development like requirements, design, coding, and use. Testing is important for finding defects and ensuring quality.
3) The costs of defects increase substantially the later they are found. Thorough testing can provide confidence in a software system's quality by identifying defects.
A comprehensive guide to testing installers & what to look for while test...BugRaptors
This document provides an overview of testing installers and the installation process. It discusses objectives of installation testing such as checking successful installation and uninstallation. It outlines steps for planning installation testing including writing installation plans and rollback procedures. The document also details benefits of testing installers like compatibility with different platforms and operating systems. Finally, it describes other processes that should be tested including installation, update, and uninstallation steps and scenarios.
The document outlines seven principles of software testing: 1) Testing shows the presence of errors, not their absence; 2) Exhaustive testing of all possible test cases is impossible; 3) Testing early in the development cycle is important to more easily fix defects; 4) Defects tend to cluster together, following an 80-20 distribution; 5) Test effectiveness fades over time as software changes; 6) Testing methods depend on the type of application; 7) Finding no errors does not mean the system is usable - user requirements must still be met.
A Top-Down Approach to End-to-End TestingSmartBear
What is end-to-end testing, and how can it help your team? Learn how end-to-end testing can give you more confidence in your application releases here.
Moin Uddin has over 14 years of experience in financial reporting, taxation, corporate affairs, accounting systems and controls, financial planning and budgeting, and internal/external auditing. He is currently pursuing his Chartered Accountancy certification and holds a Bachelors of Commerce degree. His career highlights include roles as Head of Finance, Company Secretary, and Head of Operations at various investment management and financial services firms. He has expertise in areas such as financial reporting, investment portfolio management, private equity fund accounting, and strategic planning.
Este documento presenta las fotografías y descripciones enviadas por estudiantes de diferentes cursos del IES Arcelacis de Santaella para el II Concurso Fotográfico "Y tú... ¿qué miras?". Las fotos muestran paisajes, monumentos y tradiciones de Santaella y otras localidades de Córdoba y Andalucía, así como recuerdos personales de los estudiantes.
The document discusses software quality and testing. It defines software reliability as the probability of failure-free operation of a computer program in a given environment and time. Testing aims to find errors in programs to improve reliability, rather than show a program works correctly. The document outlines ISO quality standards for software development including ISO 9001, which provides a framework for quality processes and procedures. Organizations must comply with ISO 9001 requirements to achieve quality certification.
Software testing is defined as checking whether actual results match expected results to ensure a software system is defect-free. It helps identify errors, gaps, or missing requirements compared to actual requirements, and can be done manually or with automated tools. Testing is important because software bugs can be expensive or dangerous, potentially causing monetary or human losses. Zuci Systems applies agile methodologies, cognitive automation, and AI to offer comprehensive quality engineering without increasing costs or release cycles.
This document provides an overview of functional testing. It defines functional testing as verifying that each function of a software application operates as specified. It discusses the differences between functional and non-functional testing, the objective and focus of each. Steps in functional testing are identified as determining functionality, creating test data, determining expected outputs, executing test cases, and comparing actual and expected outputs. Types of functional testing and techniques are described along with advantages of the Selenium tool for automation.
Non-functional requirements describe how a system will operate rather than what it will do. They include qualities like usability, reliability, performance, and supportability. Usability measures how easy a system is to use, learn, and adapt to user needs. Reliability refers to the likelihood of failures and is measured by metrics like mean time between failures. Performance requirements specify the system's efficiency and response times. Supportability involves how easily a system can be maintained, internationalized, and adapted to changes.
Different types of tests performed in it environment managementEnov8
The software testing team tests the software to find out any bugs or defects before the software gets deployed and is used by the customers. There are different ways the testing occurs in the IT environment management. Here, Enov8 shares the simple ppt of different types of software testing.
The document discusses key concepts in software testing and quality analysis from the viewpoint of customers and producers. It defines bugs and errors, and outlines common causes like complexity, changing requirements, and time pressure. Testing aims to discover faults and weaknesses through execution with the intent of finding errors. The document also mentions software development lifecycles like waterfall model and V-model, as well as standards organizations. It stresses finding and fixing defects early to improve quality.
The document provides an overview of software testing fundamentals. It discusses the role of testing in the software development life cycle and how testing helps improve quality. It defines software testing as a process involving planning, preparation, execution and evaluation. Both static and dynamic testing methods are used to test software products as well as related documentation. The document also compares software testing to driving tests, noting they both involve planning, static and dynamic elements, evaluation against requirements, and aim to demonstrate fitness for purpose while detecting defects.
Quality assurance aims to identify and correct errors early in the development process through reviews and testing at each phase. The System Software Lifecycle (SSLC) model aims to ensure quality when developing software. It has five stages: requirements specification, design specification, testing and implementation, and maintenance and support. Testing is an important but difficult part of development that helps eliminate errors by determining what causes failures. Validation and certification ensure the software meets standards through simulated and live testing. Maintenance provides adjustments to comply with specifications and improve quality through problem reporting and resolution.
Software testing is a $59 billion industry in the US that helps detect errors introduced during the software development process. Effective test cases are important to optimize limited resources and catch errors before customers encounter defects. Testing is a critical part of the software development lifecycle used to find errors and show requirements are met, though finding no errors does not prove code is perfect. The next article will discuss market trends in software testing.
In this chapter, we will introduce you to the fundamentals of testing: why testing is needed; its limitations, objectives and purpose; the principles behind testing; the process that testers follow; and some of the psychological factors that testers must consider in their work. By reading this chapter you'll gain an understanding of the fundamentals of testing and be able to describe those fundamentals.
The document discusses testing concepts such as code with tests vs without tests, test-oriented development, and different types of testing including unit testing, integration testing, and acceptance testing. It provides examples of test-driven development (TDD) and behavior-driven development (BDD) processes. The document also discusses tips for testing, including only testing what is necessary and identifying the appropriate types of testing for an application. Frameworks and tools for test automation and continuous integration are also mentioned.
The document describes an introduction to software testing presentation. It discusses the software development life cycle (SDLC) which includes planning, analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance phases. It then explains different software development methodologies like structured design, rapid application development, and agile development. Finally, it provides definitions and goals of software testing, and presents a model of the software testing process.
TOPS Technologies offer Professional Software Testing Training in Ahmedabad.
Ahmedabad Office (C G Road)
903 Samedh Complex,
Next to Associated Petrol Pump,
CG Road,
Ahmedabad 380009.
http://www.tops-int.com/live-project-training-software-testing.html
Most experienced IT Training Institute in Ahmedabad known for providing software testing course as per Industry Standards and Requirement.
Non-Functional Requirements are as important as Functional Requirements. Requirement that cannot be measured is not a requirement. NFR's are critical for successful software architecture development
1) The document discusses the importance of testing software for defects that can cause failures and harm. It defines key terms like mistake, defect, fault, failure, error, and bug.
2) Defects can arise during various stages of software development like requirements, design, coding, and use. Testing is important for finding defects and ensuring quality.
3) The costs of defects increase substantially the later they are found. Thorough testing can provide confidence in a software system's quality by identifying defects.
A comprehensive guide to testing installers & what to look for while test...BugRaptors
This document provides an overview of testing installers and the installation process. It discusses objectives of installation testing such as checking successful installation and uninstallation. It outlines steps for planning installation testing including writing installation plans and rollback procedures. The document also details benefits of testing installers like compatibility with different platforms and operating systems. Finally, it describes other processes that should be tested including installation, update, and uninstallation steps and scenarios.
The document outlines seven principles of software testing: 1) Testing shows the presence of errors, not their absence; 2) Exhaustive testing of all possible test cases is impossible; 3) Testing early in the development cycle is important to more easily fix defects; 4) Defects tend to cluster together, following an 80-20 distribution; 5) Test effectiveness fades over time as software changes; 6) Testing methods depend on the type of application; 7) Finding no errors does not mean the system is usable - user requirements must still be met.
A Top-Down Approach to End-to-End TestingSmartBear
What is end-to-end testing, and how can it help your team? Learn how end-to-end testing can give you more confidence in your application releases here.
Moin Uddin has over 14 years of experience in financial reporting, taxation, corporate affairs, accounting systems and controls, financial planning and budgeting, and internal/external auditing. He is currently pursuing his Chartered Accountancy certification and holds a Bachelors of Commerce degree. His career highlights include roles as Head of Finance, Company Secretary, and Head of Operations at various investment management and financial services firms. He has expertise in areas such as financial reporting, investment portfolio management, private equity fund accounting, and strategic planning.
Este documento presenta las fotografías y descripciones enviadas por estudiantes de diferentes cursos del IES Arcelacis de Santaella para el II Concurso Fotográfico "Y tú... ¿qué miras?". Las fotos muestran paisajes, monumentos y tradiciones de Santaella y otras localidades de Córdoba y Andalucía, así como recuerdos personales de los estudiantes.
El documento trata sobre phishing, protección de identidad digital y servicios de protección de identidad. Explica que el phishing es un tipo de estafa donde los criminales duplican páginas web legítimas para robar información personal. Da consejos para evitar el phishing como no hacer clic en enlaces sospechosos o proporcionar datos personales. También da recomendaciones para proteger la identidad digital como usar contraseñas seguras y revisar estados de cuenta. Finalmente, analiza si los servicios de protección de identidad funcionan y qué opciones
This document summarizes the key characteristics of La Rioja, Spain as a leading wine tourism destination. Specifically, it notes that La Rioja encompasses territories in three regions, with over 60,000 hectares of vineyards and 600 wineries. The region has a long history of wine production, receiving its DOCa designation in 1991. The autonomous community of La Rioja has implemented policies to strengthen wine tourism, such as clusters around cities and sensory experiences. It aims to maintain La Rioja's reputation as a premier wine tourism brand internationally through cultural and nature-based attractions associated with wine.
Este documento resume la epidemiología y clasificación de la diabetes mellitus. Algunos puntos clave incluyen: 16 millones de personas en EU tienen diabetes, la mitad no saben su diagnóstico y el 90% tienen diabetes tipo 2. La diabetes aumenta el riesgo de muerte 11 veces y es la principal causa de ceguera y amputación. Existen varios tipos de diabetes clasificados por su etiología. Un buen control reduce las complicaciones.
This document provides an overview of Aqua Mix's product catalog for sealing, cleaning, restoring and solving problems for stone and tile surfaces. It lists their various product lines including sealers, cleaners, problem solvers, grout colorant and restoration products. It highlights features of their penetrating sealers, topical sealers, everyday cleaners, heavy-duty cleaners, problem solvers and grout colorant. The document establishes Aqua Mix as the leading brand in the industry with over 30 years of experience and a wide selection of professional solutions.
Este documento establece las bases legales de un concurso organizado por la compañía Trasmediterranea en Facebook. El concurso consiste en sortear una cena doble en Valencia entre los seguidores de Trasmediterranea en Facebook que respondan correctamente a una pregunta sobre gastronomía valenciana entre el 28 y 30 de abril. Se seleccionará un ganador al azar de entre las respuestas válidas. El ganador deberá comunicarse con Trasmediterranea dentro de las 24 horas siguientes para reclamar su premio.
Este documento presenta un curso sobre redes informáticas. Cubre 13 temas que incluyen conceptos básicos de redes, transmisión de señales, tipos de líneas y redes, protocolos OSI y TCP/IP, elementos físicos como cableado y dispositivos de red, topología y arquitectura de redes, direcciones IP, puertas de enlace y DNS. El objetivo es proporcionar los conocimientos fundamentales sobre cómo funcionan las redes para aquellos que no tienen experiencia en el tema. Al final de cada capítulo hay preguntas
This document contains a resume for Narongrit Tatone. It summarizes his personal and employment details. He has over 15 years of work experience in production, quality assurance, and engineering roles. His most recent role is as Production Manager at ETA (Thailand) Co., Ltd since 2014. He holds a Bachelor's degree in Electrical Engineering and has taken several training courses related to quality management. He is seeking a new position in production, process engineering, or quality assurance management.
Adobe After Effects es una herramienta de posproducción de Adobe que permite agregar efectos especiales y retoques a videos de manera profesional, especialmente si se usa junto con Adobe Premiere. Sony Vegas Pro es un programa de edición de video profesional que incluye opciones avanzadas como soporte de archivos de alta resolución y capas de Photoshop. Camtasia Studio permite capturar, editar y compartir videos de la pantalla o parte de ella agregándoles audio.
El documento proporciona información sobre la historia y el desarrollo de la rueda, los helicópteros y las bicicletas. Explica que la rueda fue inventada en Mesopotamia en el quinto milenio a.C. y luego se usó para construir carros. Describe diferentes tipos de ruedas como la rueda dentada y la rueda Corima de carbono. También resume la historia temprana de los helicópteros, incluidos los diseños de Leonardo da Vinci y los primeros vuelos exitosos
The document provides a guide for job seeking and career development. It is divided into 7 sections that cover topics like finding job opportunities, preparing job applications, resumes, interviews, job offers, and starting a new job. The first section discusses different resources for finding vacancies, including newspapers, personnel agencies, the internet, and other options. It provides tips on using personnel agencies effectively. The guide emphasizes the importance of prioritizing job listings and promptly applying to positions of interest.
Este artículo presenta a Rodrigo Álvarez Brecht, un nuevo colaborador de El Revistín que escribirá sobre jardines y espacios verdes urbanos en Asturias. Rodrigo es geógrafo y le interesa estudiar cómo la naturaleza se relaciona con otros aspectos de las ciudades. Planea escribir artículos que exploran los numerosos jardines en Asturias, muchos de los cuales pasan desapercibidos pero son ricos en belleza e historia. Sus textos se basarán en trabajo de campo para documentar los
How Healthways Got Its Multichannel Marketing In ShapeVivastream
Healthways implemented a multichannel marketing strategy using print, email, and mobile messaging to engage health plan members. They partnered with IWCO Direct for printing, mailing, and email delivery services. This allowed them to personalize communications across multiple touchpoints. The automated system reduced costs and inventory. Member engagement increased as they received tailored messages through their preferred channels.
The document announces the upcoming XXXIII Annual Conference of the Uttar Pradesh Chapter of the Association of Physicians of India (UP APICON 2015) to be held on October 3rd-4th, 2015 in Noida, India. The conference will be hosted by the Noida Chapter of API and held at the Radisson Blu Hotel in Noida. The theme of the conference is "Emerging Challenges in Infectious Diseases" and it aims to provide the latest developments in managing various medical challenges. Attendees will have the opportunity to participate in lectures, symposia, workshops, and poster presentations.
Concurso de acreedores, LA LEY CONCURSAL: procedimiento, concurso de acreedor...Jacobo Villar Pombo
VI. EFECTOS CONTABLES EN LAS FASES DEL CONCURSO
VII. CALIFICACIÓN DEL CONCURSO COMO CULPABLE
VIII. RECUPERACIÓN DEL IVA POR EL ACREEDOR Y MODIFICACIÓN DE LA BASE IMPONIBLE
Promotora CMR Falabella S.A. es una empresa chilena que administra tarjetas de crédito. Fue constituida en 1966 y pertenece al Grupo Falabella, siendo su matriz S.A.C.I. Falabella S.A. CMR Falabella cuenta con más de 2.7 millones de cuentas abiertas y 93 sucursales a lo largo de Chile. El documento presenta información sobre la historia, operaciones y participación de mercado de CMR Falabella.
This document provides an overview of software testing fundamentals. It defines testing as executing software to find bugs and discusses why testing is necessary to ensure quality. It also covers causes of defects, different levels of testing from unit to acceptance, testing principles, and sample entry and exit criteria for different test stages. The goal of testing is to validate software meets requirements and works as expected while improving quality through the identification and fixing of defects.
COURSE IS NOW FULLY AVAILABLE AND LIVE HERE: https://goo.gl/gVukvc
This is the first section of six parts to cover what you need to learn about ISTQB foundations exam. Broken down into pieces and examples to pass. Check out more on my blog: https://www.rogeriodasilva.com/
An introduction to Software Testing and Test ManagementAnuraj S.L
The document provides an introduction to software testing and test management. It discusses key concepts like quality, software testing definitions, why testing is important, who does testing, what needs to be tested, when testing is done, and testing standards. It also covers testing methodologies like black box and white box testing and different levels of testing like unit testing, integration testing, and system testing. The document is intended to give a basic overview of software testing and related topics.
This presentation gives you a walkthorugh on CTFL module 01.
Covers in detail about-
1. Fundamentals of testing
2. Terminologies in testing
3. Seven testing principles
4. Fundamental test process
The document describes an ISTQB foundation level testing course. It discusses career paths in testing and ISTQB certifications, including the foundation, agile tester, and advanced levels. It outlines the intended audience and learning objectives of the foundation level course, which include using common testing terminology, understanding test processes and principles, designing and prioritizing tests, and executing and reporting on test results. The document then discusses the specific content and lessons that will be covered in the course.
ISTQB Chapter 1 Fundamentals of Testingssuser2d9936
Software testing is a process of validating and verifying software to ensure it meets requirements and works as expected. It takes place throughout the software development lifecycle. Testing helps prevent defects from being introduced into code and catch any issues. Software testing is necessary because even with careful development, mistakes can be made, so independent testing helps identify flaws. The objectives of testing include finding defects, gaining confidence in quality, preventing defects, and ensuring requirements are met.
Testing is needed to identify defects, provide confidence, and prevent defects. The objectives of testing include finding defects, providing information, and achieving confidence. Exhaustive testing is impossible, so risk-based testing is used instead of testing all combinations of inputs. Testing activities should start early in the software development life cycle and focus on defined objectives. Defect clusters are used to plan risk-based tests and test cases are regularly revised to overcome the pesticide paradox. The fundamental test process includes test planning, analysis and design, implementation and execution, evaluation and reporting, and closure activities. Independence is important for testing to provide an objective perspective.
This document provides an overview of software testing and is intended for beginners. It discusses key topics such as the software development life cycle, types of testing, test planning and case development, defect tracking, test automation, and certifications. The document is presented over multiple pages and sections covering these essential software testing concepts and processes at a high level to introduce new testers to the field.
The document discusses fundamentals of software testing including definitions of key concepts, objectives of testing, and seven principles of testing. It defines software testing as a process to evaluate quality and reduce risks of failure. Objectives include verifying requirements and validating user expectations. Testing is necessary because humans make mistakes, and testing can help reduce failures. Quality assurance supports proper testing processes. The seven principles are: 1) testing shows defects but not their absence, 2) exhaustive testing is impossible, 3) early testing saves time and money, 4) defects cluster together, 5) beware of pesticide paradox, 6) testing is context dependent, and 7) absence of errors is a fallacy.
The document discusses fundamentals of software testing. It defines software testing as a process that involves planning, preparation, and evaluation activities throughout the software development life cycle. The goal of testing is to identify defects, verify that requirements are met, and demonstrate software fitness for purpose. Testing methods include both static techniques like documentation review and dynamic techniques like executing test cases. The results of testing are used to evaluate software quality and determine whether additional work is needed.
The document discusses the importance of testing in software development. It notes that human errors during design and development can introduce defects, so rigorous testing is needed to identify defects and improve quality. While exhaustive testing of all possible combinations is not feasible, testing helps show that the software meets its specifications and is fit for purpose. The document outlines principles of testing and the basic steps of the test process, including planning, analysis, design, implementation, evaluation and reporting.
Welingkar_final project_ppt_IMPORTANCE & NEED FOR TESTINGSachin Pathania
Software testing is an important step in the software development process to identify bugs and ensure quality. It is done at various stages including unit, integration, system, and acceptance testing. Automation testing helps test cases be run quickly and consistently. In conclusion, software testing is crucial to identify and remove errors, improving the performance and consistency of software products.
In general, testing is finding out how well something works. In terms of human beings, testing tells what level of knowledge or skill has been acquired. In computer hardware and software development, testing is used at key checkpoints in the overall process to determine whether objectives are being met. For example, in software development, product objectives are sometimes tested by product user representatives. When the design is complete, coding follows and the finished code is then tested at the unit or module level by each programmer; at the component level by the group of programmers involved; and at the system level when all components are combined together. At early or late stages, a product or service may also be tested for usability.
This document provides an overview of fundamentals of testing. It discusses:
1. Why testing is necessary by describing how software defects can cause harm and issues if not found and fixed. Testing helps find defects and improve quality.
2. Fundamental principles of testing including that testing shows presence but not absence of defects, early testing is important, and defects tend to cluster in certain areas.
3. The fundamental test process including planning, analysis, implementation, evaluation, and closure activities for testing at all levels.
4. Psychological factors that influence testing like clear objectives, balance of self and independent testing, and courteous communication about defects found.
** Software Testing Certification Courses: https://www.edureka.co/software-testi... **
This Edureka PPT on Types of Software Testing covers the various types of functional and non-functional testing. Below topics are covered in this PPT:
What is Software Testing
Why need Testing?
Software Testing Life Cycle
Types of Software Testing
Unit Testing
Integration Testing
System Testing
Interface Testing
Regression Testing
Acceptance Testing
Documentation Testing
Installation Testing
Performance Testing
Reliability Testing
Security Testing
Selenium playlist: https://goo.gl/NmuzXE
Selenium Blog playlist: http://bit.ly/2B7C3QR
Software Testing Blog playlist: http://bit.ly/2UXwdJm
Software testing for project report .pdfKamal Acharya
Methods of Software Testing There are two basic methods of performing software testing: 1. Manual testing 2. Automated testing Manual Software Testing As the name would imply, manual software testing is the process of an individual or individuals manually testing software. This can take the form of navigating user interfaces, submitting information, or even trying to hack the software or underlying database. As one might presume, manual software testing is labor-intensive and slow.
1) Testing is a process that occurs throughout the software development life cycle to find defects, provide confidence, and prevent defects. It includes both static and dynamic testing.
2) The fundamental test process includes planning and control, analysis and design, implementation and execution, evaluating exit criteria and reporting, and test closure activities.
3) Testing requires a different mindset than development, as testers look critically at software to find defects rather than working to solve problems like developers. Independent testing helps ensure quality.
This document provides an introduction to a unit on software testing and quality assurance. It outlines the core objectives and outcomes of the unit, which are to introduce concepts of software testing, understand different testing techniques, learn about automation testing and tools, and understand the importance of software quality assurance. It also discusses definitions of software testing and quality, the importance of software testing, testing objectives, stages of system testing including test strategy, plan, case design, and procedures. Finally, it covers topics related to quality management including definitions of quality, quality views, total quality management, quality control through statistical process control, and cultural changes for quality management.
This document discusses software quality assurance and testing. It provides definitions of key terms like software quality, errors, faults and failures. It also lists common causes of software errors and characteristics that differentiate software from other products. Software quality assurance is defined as a planned set of activities to provide confidence that software conforms to requirements, while quality control evaluates quality after development. The objectives of software quality assurance are also prevention of defects rather than finding them after development.
Similar to Foundation 2011 slideshow ch 1 lesson 1 (20)
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
This presentation was provided by Racquel Jemison, Ph.D., Christina MacLaughlin, Ph.D., and Paulomi Majumder. Ph.D., all of the American Chemical Society, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
The chapter Lifelines of National Economy in Class 10 Geography focuses on the various modes of transportation and communication that play a vital role in the economic development of a country. These lifelines are crucial for the movement of goods, services, and people, thereby connecting different regions and promoting economic activities.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
This presentation was provided by Rebecca Benner, Ph.D., of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
2. Fundamentals of Testing – LO 1.1.1 – Why Test?
Software defects can cause harm!
Loss of Time
Loss of Money
Loss of Business Reputation
Injury or Death
3. Fundamentals of Testing – LO 1.1.2 – Why Test?
Definitions
An error or mistake is something that a person
does unintentionally
The result of an error occurring while developing
software or creating documentation is a defect or
bug (also can be known as a fault)
If a defect exists in software that produces an
incorrect result or does not perform the correct
action this is known as a failure
5. Fundamentals of Testing – LO 1.1.3 – Why Test?
The Importance of Testing
Software testing:
Reduces risk
Increases quality
Required to meet contractual requirements
Required to meet legal requirements
Required due to industry specific standards
6. Fundamentals of Testing – LO 1.1.4 – Why Test?
Testing and Quality
Quality can be measured by analysing pass rates
of functional requirements, for example:
Suitability
Accuracy
Interoperability
Compliance
Security
Source: ISO standard 9126 “Software engineering – Product quality”
7. Fundamentals of Testing – LO 1.1.4 – Why Test?
Testing and Quality
Quality can also be measured by analysing pass
rates of non-functional requirements, for example:
Reliability
Usability
Efficiency
Maintainability
Portability
Source: ISO standard 9126 “Software engineering – Product quality”
8. Fundamentals of Testing – LO 1.1.5 – Why Test?
How much testing is enough?
A number of factors are important in determining
how much testing is enough:
Risk
Quality
Time
Budget
Editor's Notes
To class: Fundamentals of Testing should take approximately 2.5 hours to complete and is broken up into 5 main areas:Why is testing necessaryWhat is testing – Yes, we convince you testing is necessary before explaining in more detail, what testing is General testing principlesFundamental test processThe psychology of testingTo class: Before we start I would like to do a quick 1 minute introduction around the room. Please state your name, primary role at work and an interesting fact / hobby or favourite movie.I’ll go first – My name is James, I am a senior consultant and training manager at Knight Errant and I also enjoy Test Managing projects. A fun fact about me is that I like to grow chilli plants at home (I normally have about 10 different varieties from mild to extremely hot)
Key Learning Objective: Software defects can cause harmAsk class: How does a software defect cause loss of time? (Looking for something like “takes user longer to complete a task”)Ask class: How does a software defect cause loss of money? (“Time is money” so the above also applies to money, but a software defect may mean a company may not meet a regulatory requirement and may be liable to pay. Virgin Airlines computer system crashing is also a good example of a company losing a lot of money due to software failure)It’s quite easy to imagine how software defects can cause loss of time, money or even business reputation.Not all software may have defects that could lead to injury or death, but can anyone give examples?You can imagine that computer software that a pilot uses will need extremely rigorous testing.=====Software systems are an increasing part of life, from business applications (e.g. banking) toconsumer products (e.g. cars). Most people have had an experience with software that did not workas expected. Software that does not work correctly can lead to many problems, including loss ofmoney, time or business reputation, and could even cause injury or death.
Key Learning Objective: Understand definitions – Humans make errors or mistakes, when in code, they are called defects, bugs or faults.Draw the distinction between an error made in design and an error made by a coder (Diagram on whiteboard with Design document feeding code. So an error can occur in documentation and in code, and both are referred to as defects, bugs or faults).An Error or Mistake is a human action. When a human action (being an error or mistake) is made that results in incorrect code, this is known as a defect, bug or fault. “Defect in the system”, “Bug in the system” or “Fault in the system”.A failure occurs when a piece of code that contains a defect / bug / fault is executed and produces an incorrect result.Ask class: Give reasons as to why defects occur.Presenter to lead students to the following conclusions:Humans are not perfectTime pressure / constraints on a projectComplexity in code / requirements / technologiesIt should be noted that failures can also occur if there is a problem with hardware (so not just software).Many environmental factors can lead to damaged hardware which can lead to failures.=====A human being can make an error (mistake), which produces a defect (fault, bug) in the code, insoftware or a system, or in a document. If a defect in code is executed, the system will fail to dowhat it should do (or do something it shouldn’t), causing a failure. Defects in software, systems ordocuments may result in failures, but not all defects do so.Defects occur because human beings are fallible and because there is time pressure, complexcode, complexity of infrastructure, changed technologies, and/or many system interactions.Failures can be caused by environmental conditions as well: radiation, magnetism, electronic fields,and pollution can cause faults in firmware or influence the execution of software by changinghardware conditions.
Key Learning Objective: Not every defect results in a failureAsk class: Does every defect result in a failure? Let the students debate for 1 minute maximumThe answer is ‘No’ because it is possible that in larger more complex systems not all code will be executed, even in the whole lifetime of the software.
Key Learning Objective: Testing is important. Understand the drivers behind why we conduct software testing.Testing by itself reduces risk:If you complete testing and find no major defects, this will increase confidence that the code is of a high enough quality to ‘go-live’.If after you begin testing and find major defects, you can be confident the code is of low quality and requires fixes before it can ‘go-live’Testing is required to understand the quality of the codeOn the other hand, testing is only part of increasing the quality of the code. To increase quality, defects must be both identified (through testing) and fixed. Testing is more than finding defects, it is about having the confidence that when your system, or changes to a system go live, everything will run as expected. The confidence comes from the correct coverage of testing. Making sure the scope of testing is well defined and correct for the changes being implemented.Well planned testing up front will give a much greater chance of delivering a better product on time and to budget.Mention to class: There is great importance and benefit of testing requirements / documentation, not just code. As we saw on a previous slide, defects occur in documentation and in code. But more on that on a future slides.==============Rigorous testing of systems and documentation can help to reduce the risk of problems occurringduring operation and contribute to the quality of the software system, if defects found are correctedbefore the system is released for operational use.Software testing may also be required to meet contractual or legal requirements, or industry-specificstandards.
Key Learning Objective: There is more than one way of measuring quality.Quality can be a measure of pass/fail rates of functional requirements.To class: We are introducing two concepts here. The concept of Quality in terms of software, as well as the concept of functional vs non-functional requirements of a system.To class: It is important to note that a system can have high quality functional requirements and still fall down in terms of non-functional requirements.To class: In short, functional requirements are “what” the system does or what the system should do.To class: Non functional requirements are “how” the systems does a task or how it should do the task.To class: We will cover non-functional requirements on the next slide.The functions that a system, subsystem or component are to perform may be described in workproducts such as a requirements specification, use cases, or a functional specification, or they maybe undocumented. Suitability: The capability of the software product to provide an appropriate set of functionsfor specified tasks and user objectives. [ISO 9126] See also functionality.Accuracy: The capability of the software product to provide the right or agreed results or effectswith the needed degree of precision. [ISO 9126] See also functionality testing.Interoperability: The capability of the software product to interact with one or morespecified components or systems. [After ISO 9126] See also functionality.Compliance testing: The process of testing to determine the compliance of the component orsystem.Security: Attributes of software products that bear on its ability to prevent unauthorizedaccess, whether accidental or deliberate, to programs and data. [ISO 9126] See alsofunctionality.======With the help of testing, it is possible to measure the quality of software in terms of defects found,for both functional and non-functional software requirements and characteristics (e.g. reliability,usability, efficiency, maintainability and portability). For more information on non-functional testingsee Chapter 2; for more information on software characteristics see ‘Software Engineering –Software Product Quality’ (ISO 9126).Testing can give confidence in the quality of the software if it finds few or no defects. A properlydesigned test that passes reduces the overall level of risk in a system. When testing does finddefects, the quality of the software system increases when those defects are fixed.Lessons should be learned from previous projects. By understanding the root causes of defectsfound in other projects, processes can be improved, which in turn should prevent those defects fromreoccurring and, as a consequence, improve the quality of future systems. This is an aspect ofquality assurance.Testing should be integrated as one of the quality assurance activities (i.e. alongside developmentstandards, training and defect analysis).
Key Learning Objective: Quality can also be a measure of pass/fail rates of non-functional requirementsNon-functional testing includes, but is not limited to, performance testing, load testing, stresstesting, usability testing, maintainability testing, reliability testing and portability testing. It is thetesting of “how” the system works.To class: For example, a function within software performs correctly and passes functional test case, but if the user performs the same function on the screen 4 or more times the user receives an error and the system shuts down. Functionally, the operation is sound, but the software is not reliable and fails to be of high quality due to non-functional reason – reliability. You can easily imagine that end users of software will be frustrated with both functional and non-functional defects in software, so it is important to have the right test coverage of both.Reliability: The ability of the software product to perform its required functions under statedconditions for a specified period of time, or for a specified number of operations. [ISO 9126]Usability: The capability of the software to be understood, learned, used and attractive to theuser when used under specified conditions. [ISO 9126]Efficiency: The capability of the software product to provide appropriate performance,relative to the amount of resources used under stated conditions. [ISO 9126]Maintainability: The ease with which a software product can be modified to correct defects,modified to meet new requirements, modified to make future maintenance easier, oradapted to a changed environment. [ISO 9126]Portability: The ease with which the software product can be transferred from one hardwareor software environment to another. [ISO 9126]
Key Learning Objective: There are four main driving factors that determine how much testing is enough.To class: This is not an easy question to be answered. There is no simple formula. Every project will be different.To class: A test plan written by a test manager attempts to answer this question which should then be signed off by the business. Risk will be discussed in more detail in chapter 5Quality is a function of how many test cases have been executed and passed or failed for the different types of testing in scope for the given projectTime and budget can both be constraints. The end goal of testing is to deliver high quality low risk software on time and to budget, but this is not always achievable. There are factors that are both within and outside the control of the test team. Ask class: What are some of these factors?Unrealistic deadlineUnrealistic budgetScope creep Low quality codeBadly written requirementsBadly interpreted requirementsPoorly tested codeSkill gapsIncorrect team sizeTeam structure and dynamicsTo class: Communication between the test manager and the project manager is key to reducing the risk, increasing the quality and using whatever preventative methods to steer the project towards the best possible outcome by avoiding where possible the above pitfalls.To class: Testing should provide sufficient information to stakeholders to make informed decisions about therelease of the software or system being tested, for the next development step or handover tocustomers.======Deciding how much testing is enough should take account of the level of risk, including technicaland business product and project risks, and project constraints such as time and budget. (Risk isdiscussed further in Chapter 5.)Testing should provide sufficient information to stakeholders to make informed decisions about therelease of the software or system being tested, for the next development step or handover tocustomers.