Formalism - Michael Brook and Sarthak Bali
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This document discusses key principles of formalism in art including line, texture, balance, space, form, movement, unity, pattern, rhythm, contrast, and emphasis. Many terms are repeated such as line, texture, and pattern which seem to be important formal elements.
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This document discusses key principles of formalism in art including line, texture, balance, shape, form, movement, unity, pattern, rhythm, contrast, and emphasis. Many terms are repeated such as line, texture, and pattern which seem to be important formal elements.
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Formalism 2 - Michael and Sarthak
This document discusses key principles of formalism in art including line, texture, balance, shape, form, movement, unity, pattern, rhythm, contrast, and emphasis. Many terms are repeated such as line, texture, and pattern which seem to be important formal elements.
Elements & Principles Photohunt
This document lists 12 key principles of design: balance, color, dominance, form, line, movement, proportion, shape, space, texture, unity, and variety. These principles are fundamental elements that artists and designers consider when creating visual compositions and works of art.
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The document summarizes key elements of the Popol Vuh, a Mayan text from Guatemala, including its plot involving creation of the world by gods and conflicts between good and evil forces. It also analyzes the text's structure, symbols, themes of tensions between gods and humans, and central message about the common theme of life's ups and downs.
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This document lists information about various artworks including the titles, artists, and years of creation for six different pieces - a formalism project by Johnny and Josh from 1916, a house and billboard photograph by Paul Strand from 1916, an exhibition from 1906 by Kasebier and White, a photograph titled "White Fence" by Paul Strand from 1916, a photograph titled "No. 20 from Carre Blanc Series" by Eric Marrian from 2006, and an artwork titled "Crisis and Opportunity" by Khaled Hassan from 2010.
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Formalism focuses on analyzing essential elements within a literary work, such as genre, structure, literary devices, and meaning derived from the text. Biographical criticism analyzes the relationship between an author's life experiences and their work. Key questions for biographical criticism include understanding how the author's life, beliefs, and worldview are reflected in their themes, characters, and story elements. Tim O'Brien's experiences as a soldier in the Vietnam War directly influenced the devastating portrayal of war in his book The Things They Carried.
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Literary Theories (Unknown Source)
This document provides an overview of various literary theories and approaches that can be used to analyze and critique works of literature. It describes historical/biographical, moral/philosophical, formalist, psychoanalytical, archetypal, feminist, Marxist, and reader response approaches. For each approach, it outlines key concepts and whether the approach focuses on elements inside or outside the text. It also discusses advantages and disadvantages of each approach and provides examples of how they could be applied to analyzing a novel.
Workshop UGC NET SLET
This presentation was prepared for the workshop at HMP Institute of English Training and Research, Gujarat (INDIA). It deals with some important questions for the preparation of UGC NET / SLET examination for the qalification of Lecturer. It also gives brief introduction about some important books on Literary Theory and Criticism
Formalistic approach
This document discusses formalism, also known as New Criticism, which is a literary theory that focuses exclusively on analyzing the literal elements within a text without consideration of external contexts like the author's biography. It examines the relationship between a text's form and content. The document also provides a glossary of major formalist literary terms used to analyze elements like characters, imagery, plot, point of view, setting, and theme.
Formalism
This document discusses Russian Formalism, a literary theory from the early 20th century. Some key ideas discussed include:
- Russian Formalism viewed literature as focusing on the study of form rather than content or meaning. It looked at how literary devices can estrange readers and make the familiar unfamiliar.
- New American Criticism, influenced by Russian Formalism, viewed literary texts as self-contained works that use devices like metaphor and symbolism to reveal universal human truths. Close reading was used to discover these truths.
- Poetika discusses the role of poetry as using language in a mode of action to transmit energy rather than information or social/political messages. The purpose of a poet is to
Structuralism and poststructuralism
The document discusses the development of literary theories from structuralism to poststructuralism. It begins by explaining structuralism, which emerged in the early 20th century and viewed literature as an autonomous structure. Key theories included Russian formalism, New Criticism, and various forms of structuralism. In later developments, structuralism began to be rejected, and poststructuralist theories emerged that moved beyond analyzing just the text's structure. Poststructuralist theories include postmodernism, postcolonialism, and deconstruction. Structuralism and poststructuralism can both be used to analyze classic and modern literature.
Literary criticism: Classical Philosophers
This document outlines the syllabus and roadmap for a unit on literary theory and criticism. The unit will cover classical philosophers like Aristotle and Plato, as well as theories like formalism, Marxism, psychoanalysis, feminism, and postmodernism. Session topics include Aristotle's poetics, Plato's dialogues objecting to literature, formalism and structuralism, Marxism, and gender theories. The document also defines literary theory and discusses concepts from Aristotle, Plato, and Longinus like mimesis, the sublime, and effects of literature.
Formalism
Russian Formalism emerged in the early 20th century focusing on analyzing literature through its form and technique rather than external factors. Key figures included Victor Shklovsky, Mikhail Bakhtin, and Roman Jakobson. New Criticism originated in the 1920s-30s emphasizing close reading of texts and their aesthetic qualities over historical context. I.A. Richards, William Empson, and John Crowe Ransom were influential New Critics. While both were formalist schools, Russian Formalism was more theoretical while New Criticism emphasized the practical criticism of individual works.
Literary Criticism
This document defines and explains literary criticism. It begins by exploring the origins and definitions of "critic" and "criticism" from Greek roots. A critic is defined as someone who expresses a reasoned opinion on a subject's value, truth, or technique. Criticism is the analysis and judgment of a literary work. The document then defines literary criticism as the study, discussion, evaluation, and interpretation of literature through various lenses or paradigms. It provides examples of different schools of literary criticism and explains them on a map with four variables: the work itself, the author, other texts, and the audience. The goal of literary criticism is to understand what is important about a text and its influences.
Literary Criticism, II, Russian formalism
Russian formalism was a school of literary criticism that originated in Russia around 1915 and focused on analyzing the form and stylistic devices used in literature rather than their social or historical context. The movement emphasized making aspects of language unfamiliar through techniques like defamiliarization to draw attention to a text's artificiality and how it conveys meaning through form over content. Key concepts included literariness, the idea that literary language is distinguished from ordinary language by its use of devices like metaphor, rhyme and rhythm.
New criticism
- New Criticism emerged in the 1940s-1960s as a reaction against biographical and historical criticism that focused on external context like an author's life.
- New Critics examined only what was in the text itself using close reading of elements like metaphor, irony, tension and ambiguity to interpret a work's true meaning.
- They believed the text should be treated as a self-contained object and that meaning comes from analyzing linguistic devices rather than the author's intent or a reader's subjective response.
Literary Theory And Criticism
This document provides an overview of various schools of literary theory and criticism that have developed over time, including approaches such as Cambridge School, Chicago School, Deconstruction, Feminist criticism, Psychoanalytic criticism, Marxist criticism, New Criticism, New Historicism, and Structuralism. It also defines and explains key literary terms and theories used in literary analysis and interpretation.
Formalism presentation
Formalism is a literary theory that focuses on analyzing inherent features of a text such as grammar, syntax, and literary devices like metaphor, ignoring historical or cultural context. There are different schools of formalism including Russian formalism and New Criticism. Russian formalists aimed to analyze texts scientifically and defined literary techniques like defamiliarization, where common things are presented in unfamiliar ways to enhance perception. Defamiliarization makes objects strange through language, characterization, or illustration to transform ordinary prose into art. Examples include metaphors, Gulliver's Travels, and poems by Wordsworth, Keats, and Plath.
Formalism (Literary Theory)
Literary theory provides principles for interpreting and analyzing literature. It focuses on analyzing the formal elements of a text, such as structure and language, rather than historical context. There are several benefits to studying different literary theories. It can affirm one's perspective, help understand other viewpoints, and provide a deeper understanding of a work by considering multiple interpretations. Formalism is a major literary theory that emerged in the early 20th century. It emphasizes close analysis of literary form and technique rather than historical context. Two influential forms of formalism were Russian Formalism and New Criticism. Russian Formalism studied poetic language and techniques like defamiliarization, while New Criticism advocated intensive analysis of the text itself.
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