Presented at the CAPRi International Workshop on Collective Action, Property Rights, and Conflict in Natural Resources Management. June 28th to July 1st, 2010, Siem Reap, Cambodia.
http://www.capri.cgiar.org/wks_0610.asp
Local Community vs Oil Palm Plantation Company: Two case studies from West Ka...CAPRi
Presented at the CAPRi International Workshop on Collective Action, Property Rights, and Conflict in Natural Resources Management. June 28th to July 1st, 2010, Siem Reap, Cambodia.
http://www.capri.cgiar.org/wks_0610.asp
The Outbreak of Peace: Communal Land Management and Traditional Governance in...CAPRi
Presented at the CAPRi International Workshop on Collective Action, Property Rights, and Conflict in Natural Resources Management. June 28th to July 1st, 2010, Siem Reap, Cambodia.
http://www.capri.cgiar.org/wks_0610.asp
Framework and methods for integrating gender in REDD(+) - Delia Catacutan (IC...IIED
Presentation on Framework and methods for integrating gender in REDD(+) by Delia Catacutan (ICRAF) for a workshop on Gender and Environmental Change held by IIED in London, UK on 17-18 March 2014. For more info: http://iied.org/gender
Traditional ways of Conflict Resolution and TransformationMussolini Lidasan
Traditional conflict resolution practices among the Iranun people in Mindanao involve councils of elders and religious principles. Common sources of conflict include issues with honor, land, family relations, and elections. The council of elders facilitates discussions between parties to find an agreement. Women also play an important role in the process. Successful cases are presented, including ending long-running clan feuds, or "ridos", through the efforts of local councils and multisectoral groups. The presentation discusses the interplay between large-scale conflicts and community-level disputes in Mindanao.
Local Governance, Social Networks and REDD+: Lessons from Swidden Communities...CIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation, delivered at the ASFN Sixth Conference, examines research into perceptions, understanding and discourses of two swidden farming communities. The implications for REDD+ are highlighted.
An analysis of payment modalities in Vietnam – Lessons learnt from 7 provincesCIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation was delivered by Pham Thu Thuy and LeNgoc Dung to the Vietnam Forest Protection and Development Fund in Hanoi, 11th November.
Topics discussed include forms and frequency of payment, the discourse of equity, and research methodology.
Does forest decentralization strengthen women’s adaptive capacity to climate ...CIFOR-ICRAF
This document analyzes whether forest decentralization in Cameroon has strengthened women's adaptive capacity to climate change. It finds that while the forest policy aims to promote decentralization, it does not explicitly mention women or their needs. As a result, women have little representation or power in forest management structures. This marginalization negatively impacts women by neglecting their priorities and reducing their adaptive capacity, forcing reliance on vulnerable agricultural practices. However, there is some hope as efforts are increasing women's inclusion in decision making and recognition of their important roles.
The document discusses the political economy of land and conflicts. It notes that securing land rights for all can help prevent and manage conflicts, as land is a source of livelihoods, wealth and a driver of power struggles. Understanding the various interests in land use and how competing claims are resolved is important. It emphasizes understanding shifting centers of power and interest groups, as well as considering women's land rights equally. A political economy lens is crucial, especially in contexts of poverty, weak governance and injustice, which can fuel conflicts over inequitable access to land resources. Legitimate dispute resolution mechanisms tailored to local contexts can help bridge divides and reconcile competing land claims.
Local Community vs Oil Palm Plantation Company: Two case studies from West Ka...CAPRi
Presented at the CAPRi International Workshop on Collective Action, Property Rights, and Conflict in Natural Resources Management. June 28th to July 1st, 2010, Siem Reap, Cambodia.
http://www.capri.cgiar.org/wks_0610.asp
The Outbreak of Peace: Communal Land Management and Traditional Governance in...CAPRi
Presented at the CAPRi International Workshop on Collective Action, Property Rights, and Conflict in Natural Resources Management. June 28th to July 1st, 2010, Siem Reap, Cambodia.
http://www.capri.cgiar.org/wks_0610.asp
Framework and methods for integrating gender in REDD(+) - Delia Catacutan (IC...IIED
Presentation on Framework and methods for integrating gender in REDD(+) by Delia Catacutan (ICRAF) for a workshop on Gender and Environmental Change held by IIED in London, UK on 17-18 March 2014. For more info: http://iied.org/gender
Traditional ways of Conflict Resolution and TransformationMussolini Lidasan
Traditional conflict resolution practices among the Iranun people in Mindanao involve councils of elders and religious principles. Common sources of conflict include issues with honor, land, family relations, and elections. The council of elders facilitates discussions between parties to find an agreement. Women also play an important role in the process. Successful cases are presented, including ending long-running clan feuds, or "ridos", through the efforts of local councils and multisectoral groups. The presentation discusses the interplay between large-scale conflicts and community-level disputes in Mindanao.
Local Governance, Social Networks and REDD+: Lessons from Swidden Communities...CIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation, delivered at the ASFN Sixth Conference, examines research into perceptions, understanding and discourses of two swidden farming communities. The implications for REDD+ are highlighted.
An analysis of payment modalities in Vietnam – Lessons learnt from 7 provincesCIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation was delivered by Pham Thu Thuy and LeNgoc Dung to the Vietnam Forest Protection and Development Fund in Hanoi, 11th November.
Topics discussed include forms and frequency of payment, the discourse of equity, and research methodology.
Does forest decentralization strengthen women’s adaptive capacity to climate ...CIFOR-ICRAF
This document analyzes whether forest decentralization in Cameroon has strengthened women's adaptive capacity to climate change. It finds that while the forest policy aims to promote decentralization, it does not explicitly mention women or their needs. As a result, women have little representation or power in forest management structures. This marginalization negatively impacts women by neglecting their priorities and reducing their adaptive capacity, forcing reliance on vulnerable agricultural practices. However, there is some hope as efforts are increasing women's inclusion in decision making and recognition of their important roles.
The document discusses the political economy of land and conflicts. It notes that securing land rights for all can help prevent and manage conflicts, as land is a source of livelihoods, wealth and a driver of power struggles. Understanding the various interests in land use and how competing claims are resolved is important. It emphasizes understanding shifting centers of power and interest groups, as well as considering women's land rights equally. A political economy lens is crucial, especially in contexts of poverty, weak governance and injustice, which can fuel conflicts over inequitable access to land resources. Legitimate dispute resolution mechanisms tailored to local contexts can help bridge divides and reconcile competing land claims.
LOOKING BEYOND THE OBVIOUS: Uncovering the features of natural resource confl...CAPRi
This document analyzes natural resource conflicts in Uganda and their resolution. It finds that greater poverty increases conflicts over private land boundaries but decreases other conflicts, while low literacy increases common land conflicts. Higher population density and private land/water conflicts lead to formal conflict resolution, while customary institutions resolve common land disputes. The study concludes that formal institutions effectively resolve most reported conflicts in Uganda, but customary institutions also have an important role, especially for the poor. It recommends supporting formal institutions while exploring how to strengthen and integrate customary systems into conflict resolution.
Not Your Father’s NRM: Understanding NRM in Post-Conflict CountriesCAPRi
The document discusses the challenges of natural resource management (NRM) in post-conflict contexts. It notes that post-conflict countries face a heightened risk of conflict recurrence in the first 10 years. NRM is critical for peacebuilding but peacebuilding is also critical for NRM. The document recommends that NRM projects in post-conflict areas focus on situational awareness, conflict management, and mainstreaming peacebuilding approaches like human security, livelihoods support, and governance.
Presentation by Markus Ihalainen on the importance the gender aspect in CIFOR's research, mentioning the gender strategy developed under the CGIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees and Agroforestry and laying out results, such as influencing policies of other organizations.
ENGAGING THE CITIZEN - Futures For Civil Societynicva_ict
The document discusses challenges facing civil society in Northern Ireland and goals for improving engagement between citizens and the government. It addresses fault lines that threaten social cohesion, such as isolation of the poor and pressure on community ties. Devolution is presented as both a driver of change and an opportunity to develop a more participatory democracy through strategies to involve citizens and make the Assembly more accessible to the public. The need for a civic agenda and futures thinking is emphasized to address needs rather than positions and better engage civil society.
This document summarizes a study on the impact of agrarian transformations on customary land tenure and gender relations among indigenous communities in Northeastern Cambodia. The study found that while customary tenure originally supported women's access to land, land titling efforts and market liberalization have weakened customary systems and women's land rights. Through qualitative interviews, the study examined how changes like land sales, inheritance norms, and women's participation in governance have impacted indigenous women's agency over land. It concludes that external land pressures most threaten women's land tenure, and recommends strengthening land rights and supporting essential services and indigenous women's leadership roles.
This document summarizes a study on the impact of agrarian transformations on customary land tenure and gender relations among indigenous communities in Northeastern Cambodia. The study found that while customary tenure originally supported women's access to land, land titling efforts and market liberalization have weakened customary systems and women's land rights. Through qualitative interviews, the study examined how changes like land sales, inheritance norms, and women's participation in governance have impacted gender relations. It concludes that external land pressures now pose the greatest risk to women, and recommends strengthening land rights, improving services, and recognizing indigenous women's roles to better support their land tenure security.
A National Development Model that Promotes Smallholder Farmers CIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation by Swe Set from the Land Core Group Myanmar given at the Forests Asia Summit during the discussion forum "Equitable development: What is the fairest of them all? Assessing aspects of equity in incentive mechanisms for natural resource conservation and management" focuses on:
1) Smallholder farmers as backbone of Myanmar
2) History of Land Grabs
3) Land Tenure Insecurity on the Rise
4) Impact of Recent Reforms
5) Farmland Law & Wasteland Law
6) Growth of Industrial Agribusiness
7) Why Smallholders are Better
8) What Myanmar Needs
The original vegetation of Minnesota consisted of deciduous and coniferous forests. Early European exploration and logging followed the waterways, which were the primary means of travel. The large pine forests located between the Mississippi and St. Croix Rivers were heavily logged within 30 years in a non-sustainable manner. This led to catastrophic fires in 1871, 1894, and 1918 that destroyed millions of acres and killed thousands due to poor logging practices and a lack of seed sources to regenerate the forests. After the fires, sustainable forest management practices were implemented, including setting land aside and requiring forest management plans.
Governing the Forests: An Institutional Analysis of REDD+ and Community Fores...Yossy Suparyo
This document provides an overview of REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation), including its history, description, institutional architecture, and governance challenges. It discusses how REDD+ aims to provide financial incentives to reduce deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries. The document also examines the linkages between REDD+, community forest management of common-pool resources, and the governance challenges of balancing global and local interests. It presents three case studies of community forest management in Asia to identify lessons for improving REDD+ governance at the local level.
1) A study examined the impact of different property rights regimes on forest access, condition, and economic outcomes in Haryana, India.
2) It found that forests under community forestry programs and communal tenure saw improved conditions compared to open access regimes.
3) A benefit-cost analysis of management scenarios found that regimes promoting community access to some resources and responsibility for conservation were most economically viable.
Forest management involves the administrative, economic, legal, and social aspects of managing forests, including techniques like timber extraction, replanting species, and preventing fires. Forest management is needed to avoid the extinction of thousands of species, heavy soil erosion, increased greenhouse effects, flooding, landslides, and degraded watersheds. Methods of forest management include afforestation, reforestation, sustainable forest management practices, and avoiding wildfires. The document concludes that one of the biggest challenges is ensuring the sustainability of forest resources going forward.
1) The document discusses a case study of leasehold forestry in Hadikhola VDC, Makwanpur District of Nepal and its role in poverty alleviation.
2) Key findings show that average household income and livestock ownership increased significantly for lessee households after participating in the leasehold forestry program. However, some income inequality remained.
3) Participation in the program reduced work burdens, increased food security and decision-making power for women, while opening opportunities to improve livelihoods through livestock raising and vegetable farming.
This document discusses community participation in co-management of protected areas in Bangladesh. It finds that community participation is key to the success of co-management. The Nishorgo Support Project in Bangladesh aims to implement co-management for forest management, and the document examines the success of this project in terms of community participation. It identifies some challenges to effective community participation, such as lack of time and funding, complexity of natural resource issues, lack of clear participation frameworks, and heterogeneity within communities.
The document discusses grassroots approaches to conflict transformation. It defines conflict and discusses how grassroots approaches aim to increase local ownership, empower communities, and foster lasting peace through participation and addressing community needs. Key characteristics of grassroots approaches include recognizing how conflicts affect local populations, emphasizing commonalities between groups, and addressing the root causes and perceptions that drive conflicts.
The role of community forests and community lands in achieving the global dev...SIANI
Presented as part of the Seminar on Securing Forest and Community Land Rights - Challenges, Trends and Ways Forward. The seminar focused on forests and other off-farm areas that constitute vital resources for the food security and livelihoods of the rural poor in many developing countries. These lands are often used in integrated ways by local communities under communal customary arrangements while often formally owned by the state. Unclear land rights make these resources and associated livelihoods particularly vulnerable in the current context of increased demand for land; this needs to be better recognized and articulated in discussions on land rights and responsible land investments.
The document discusses natural resources and conflict. It defines conflict and examines its various sources and types. Conflicts can be functional and help groups, or dysfunctional and hinder groups. Conflicts over natural resources are also examined, noting how factors like poor governance, inequality and exclusion can influence conflicts. The war in Northern Uganda is presented as a case study. In 3 sentences: The document defines conflict and examines its sources and types. It discusses how conflicts over natural resources often relate to issues like poor governance and inequality. It also presents the war in Northern Uganda as a case study to analyze how conflict can both help and hinder development.
International relations is the study of relations between states. It emerged as a field in the 18th century to study diplomatic relations and international law. Today, its scope has expanded to include economic, social, political, and cultural relations between states. There are three views on international relations - some see it as an organized academic discipline, some view it as a separate discipline from political science, and others see it as both a discipline and related to political science. The core principles of international relations that guide relations between states are dominance, reciprocity, and identity.
International relations is the study of relations between states. It emerged as a field in the 18th century to study diplomatic relations and international law. Today, its scope has expanded to include economic, social, political, and cultural relations between states. There are three views on international relations - some see it as an organized academic discipline, some view it as a separate discipline from political science, and others see it as both a discipline and related to political science. The core principles of international relations that guide relations between states are dominance, reciprocity, and identity.
Research paper: Community Based Natural Resources Management in VietnamSPERI
This research paper will discuss the role of the community in natural resource management, particularly land and forest management and protection in Vietnam. The paper offers a discussion of environmental discourses that are related to the impacts of state land and forest management policies. Though ethnic communities in Vietnam have developed their knowledge and institutional systems in community natural resource management for a long time, communities were not recognized formally as one of the land users until 2003. Even then, though communities were identified as land users, few communities could attain land title. Those policies have had consequences with communities and their members facing shortages of land and forest. Nevertheless, those resources are essential for sustaining local people’s livelihoods, protecting forest, and keeping their cultural values.
The paper is organized in three main parts. The first summaries some key environmental discourses, especially ‘sustainable development’, and introduces concepts of culture, customary laws and community-based natural resource management. The second part deals with resource management and related legal framework in Vietnam. The third part illustrates the role of community in land and forest use and protection through a discussion of a Thai ethnic community in Vietnam
Case study: Community-based natural resource management: Case of Thai ethnic ...SPERI
This research paper will discuss the role of the community in natural resource management, particularly land and forest management and protection in Vietnam. The paper offers a discussion of environmental discourses that are related to the impacts of state land and forest management policies. Though ethnic communities in Vietnam have developed their knowledge and institutional systems in community natural resource management for a long time, communities were not recognized formally as one of the land users until 2003. Even then, though communities were identified as land users, few communities could attain land title. Those policies have had consequences with communities and their members facing shortages of land and forest. Nevertheless, those resources are essential for sustaining local people’s livelihoods, protecting forest, and keeping their cultural values.
The paper is organized in three main parts. The first summaries some key environmental discourses, especially ‘sustainable development’, and introduces concepts of culture, customary laws and community-based natural resource management. The second part deals with resource management and related legal framework in Vietnam. The third part illustrates the role of community in land and forest use and protection through a discussion of a Thai ethnic community in Vietnam
LOOKING BEYOND THE OBVIOUS: Uncovering the features of natural resource confl...CAPRi
This document analyzes natural resource conflicts in Uganda and their resolution. It finds that greater poverty increases conflicts over private land boundaries but decreases other conflicts, while low literacy increases common land conflicts. Higher population density and private land/water conflicts lead to formal conflict resolution, while customary institutions resolve common land disputes. The study concludes that formal institutions effectively resolve most reported conflicts in Uganda, but customary institutions also have an important role, especially for the poor. It recommends supporting formal institutions while exploring how to strengthen and integrate customary systems into conflict resolution.
Not Your Father’s NRM: Understanding NRM in Post-Conflict CountriesCAPRi
The document discusses the challenges of natural resource management (NRM) in post-conflict contexts. It notes that post-conflict countries face a heightened risk of conflict recurrence in the first 10 years. NRM is critical for peacebuilding but peacebuilding is also critical for NRM. The document recommends that NRM projects in post-conflict areas focus on situational awareness, conflict management, and mainstreaming peacebuilding approaches like human security, livelihoods support, and governance.
Presentation by Markus Ihalainen on the importance the gender aspect in CIFOR's research, mentioning the gender strategy developed under the CGIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees and Agroforestry and laying out results, such as influencing policies of other organizations.
ENGAGING THE CITIZEN - Futures For Civil Societynicva_ict
The document discusses challenges facing civil society in Northern Ireland and goals for improving engagement between citizens and the government. It addresses fault lines that threaten social cohesion, such as isolation of the poor and pressure on community ties. Devolution is presented as both a driver of change and an opportunity to develop a more participatory democracy through strategies to involve citizens and make the Assembly more accessible to the public. The need for a civic agenda and futures thinking is emphasized to address needs rather than positions and better engage civil society.
This document summarizes a study on the impact of agrarian transformations on customary land tenure and gender relations among indigenous communities in Northeastern Cambodia. The study found that while customary tenure originally supported women's access to land, land titling efforts and market liberalization have weakened customary systems and women's land rights. Through qualitative interviews, the study examined how changes like land sales, inheritance norms, and women's participation in governance have impacted indigenous women's agency over land. It concludes that external land pressures most threaten women's land tenure, and recommends strengthening land rights and supporting essential services and indigenous women's leadership roles.
This document summarizes a study on the impact of agrarian transformations on customary land tenure and gender relations among indigenous communities in Northeastern Cambodia. The study found that while customary tenure originally supported women's access to land, land titling efforts and market liberalization have weakened customary systems and women's land rights. Through qualitative interviews, the study examined how changes like land sales, inheritance norms, and women's participation in governance have impacted gender relations. It concludes that external land pressures now pose the greatest risk to women, and recommends strengthening land rights, improving services, and recognizing indigenous women's roles to better support their land tenure security.
A National Development Model that Promotes Smallholder Farmers CIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation by Swe Set from the Land Core Group Myanmar given at the Forests Asia Summit during the discussion forum "Equitable development: What is the fairest of them all? Assessing aspects of equity in incentive mechanisms for natural resource conservation and management" focuses on:
1) Smallholder farmers as backbone of Myanmar
2) History of Land Grabs
3) Land Tenure Insecurity on the Rise
4) Impact of Recent Reforms
5) Farmland Law & Wasteland Law
6) Growth of Industrial Agribusiness
7) Why Smallholders are Better
8) What Myanmar Needs
The original vegetation of Minnesota consisted of deciduous and coniferous forests. Early European exploration and logging followed the waterways, which were the primary means of travel. The large pine forests located between the Mississippi and St. Croix Rivers were heavily logged within 30 years in a non-sustainable manner. This led to catastrophic fires in 1871, 1894, and 1918 that destroyed millions of acres and killed thousands due to poor logging practices and a lack of seed sources to regenerate the forests. After the fires, sustainable forest management practices were implemented, including setting land aside and requiring forest management plans.
Governing the Forests: An Institutional Analysis of REDD+ and Community Fores...Yossy Suparyo
This document provides an overview of REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation), including its history, description, institutional architecture, and governance challenges. It discusses how REDD+ aims to provide financial incentives to reduce deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries. The document also examines the linkages between REDD+, community forest management of common-pool resources, and the governance challenges of balancing global and local interests. It presents three case studies of community forest management in Asia to identify lessons for improving REDD+ governance at the local level.
1) A study examined the impact of different property rights regimes on forest access, condition, and economic outcomes in Haryana, India.
2) It found that forests under community forestry programs and communal tenure saw improved conditions compared to open access regimes.
3) A benefit-cost analysis of management scenarios found that regimes promoting community access to some resources and responsibility for conservation were most economically viable.
Forest management involves the administrative, economic, legal, and social aspects of managing forests, including techniques like timber extraction, replanting species, and preventing fires. Forest management is needed to avoid the extinction of thousands of species, heavy soil erosion, increased greenhouse effects, flooding, landslides, and degraded watersheds. Methods of forest management include afforestation, reforestation, sustainable forest management practices, and avoiding wildfires. The document concludes that one of the biggest challenges is ensuring the sustainability of forest resources going forward.
1) The document discusses a case study of leasehold forestry in Hadikhola VDC, Makwanpur District of Nepal and its role in poverty alleviation.
2) Key findings show that average household income and livestock ownership increased significantly for lessee households after participating in the leasehold forestry program. However, some income inequality remained.
3) Participation in the program reduced work burdens, increased food security and decision-making power for women, while opening opportunities to improve livelihoods through livestock raising and vegetable farming.
This document discusses community participation in co-management of protected areas in Bangladesh. It finds that community participation is key to the success of co-management. The Nishorgo Support Project in Bangladesh aims to implement co-management for forest management, and the document examines the success of this project in terms of community participation. It identifies some challenges to effective community participation, such as lack of time and funding, complexity of natural resource issues, lack of clear participation frameworks, and heterogeneity within communities.
The document discusses grassroots approaches to conflict transformation. It defines conflict and discusses how grassroots approaches aim to increase local ownership, empower communities, and foster lasting peace through participation and addressing community needs. Key characteristics of grassroots approaches include recognizing how conflicts affect local populations, emphasizing commonalities between groups, and addressing the root causes and perceptions that drive conflicts.
The role of community forests and community lands in achieving the global dev...SIANI
Presented as part of the Seminar on Securing Forest and Community Land Rights - Challenges, Trends and Ways Forward. The seminar focused on forests and other off-farm areas that constitute vital resources for the food security and livelihoods of the rural poor in many developing countries. These lands are often used in integrated ways by local communities under communal customary arrangements while often formally owned by the state. Unclear land rights make these resources and associated livelihoods particularly vulnerable in the current context of increased demand for land; this needs to be better recognized and articulated in discussions on land rights and responsible land investments.
The document discusses natural resources and conflict. It defines conflict and examines its various sources and types. Conflicts can be functional and help groups, or dysfunctional and hinder groups. Conflicts over natural resources are also examined, noting how factors like poor governance, inequality and exclusion can influence conflicts. The war in Northern Uganda is presented as a case study. In 3 sentences: The document defines conflict and examines its sources and types. It discusses how conflicts over natural resources often relate to issues like poor governance and inequality. It also presents the war in Northern Uganda as a case study to analyze how conflict can both help and hinder development.
International relations is the study of relations between states. It emerged as a field in the 18th century to study diplomatic relations and international law. Today, its scope has expanded to include economic, social, political, and cultural relations between states. There are three views on international relations - some see it as an organized academic discipline, some view it as a separate discipline from political science, and others see it as both a discipline and related to political science. The core principles of international relations that guide relations between states are dominance, reciprocity, and identity.
International relations is the study of relations between states. It emerged as a field in the 18th century to study diplomatic relations and international law. Today, its scope has expanded to include economic, social, political, and cultural relations between states. There are three views on international relations - some see it as an organized academic discipline, some view it as a separate discipline from political science, and others see it as both a discipline and related to political science. The core principles of international relations that guide relations between states are dominance, reciprocity, and identity.
Research paper: Community Based Natural Resources Management in VietnamSPERI
This research paper will discuss the role of the community in natural resource management, particularly land and forest management and protection in Vietnam. The paper offers a discussion of environmental discourses that are related to the impacts of state land and forest management policies. Though ethnic communities in Vietnam have developed their knowledge and institutional systems in community natural resource management for a long time, communities were not recognized formally as one of the land users until 2003. Even then, though communities were identified as land users, few communities could attain land title. Those policies have had consequences with communities and their members facing shortages of land and forest. Nevertheless, those resources are essential for sustaining local people’s livelihoods, protecting forest, and keeping their cultural values.
The paper is organized in three main parts. The first summaries some key environmental discourses, especially ‘sustainable development’, and introduces concepts of culture, customary laws and community-based natural resource management. The second part deals with resource management and related legal framework in Vietnam. The third part illustrates the role of community in land and forest use and protection through a discussion of a Thai ethnic community in Vietnam
Case study: Community-based natural resource management: Case of Thai ethnic ...SPERI
This research paper will discuss the role of the community in natural resource management, particularly land and forest management and protection in Vietnam. The paper offers a discussion of environmental discourses that are related to the impacts of state land and forest management policies. Though ethnic communities in Vietnam have developed their knowledge and institutional systems in community natural resource management for a long time, communities were not recognized formally as one of the land users until 2003. Even then, though communities were identified as land users, few communities could attain land title. Those policies have had consequences with communities and their members facing shortages of land and forest. Nevertheless, those resources are essential for sustaining local people’s livelihoods, protecting forest, and keeping their cultural values.
The paper is organized in three main parts. The first summaries some key environmental discourses, especially ‘sustainable development’, and introduces concepts of culture, customary laws and community-based natural resource management. The second part deals with resource management and related legal framework in Vietnam. The third part illustrates the role of community in land and forest use and protection through a discussion of a Thai ethnic community in Vietnam
Week 3Social vulnerability to disaster myth of community, gen.docxjessiehampson
Week 3
Social vulnerability to disaster: myth of community, gender, and ethnicity
Last week what did we discuss?
The theories about disasters
The dominant paradigm and criticisms of it
The alternative model: political ecology
PAR model
This week we will discuss
Disaster justice
Social vulnerability to disasters:
Myth of community
Causes of differences in social vulnerability:
Gender
Race/ethnicity
Others
Culture and vulnerability
Disaster justice
Linkages to Environmental Justice
Hillman (2006, 695) explains that “environment justice as a political movement and research programme originated amidst concerns over the unjust distribution of environmental hazards primarily in, or close to, disadvantaged or marginalised communities.”
Most scholars trace the origin of the environmental justice movement to a protest in 1982 against the dumping of PCB-laden dirt into a waste landfill in Warren County, North Carolina. The county was 65 percent Black.
This protest marked one of the first times when civil rights and environmental groups collaborated. Studies in the 1980s and early 1990s which demonstrated linkages between not only environmental risk, namely the location of toxic waste sites, waste dumps, and power plants, and poverty but also between environmental risk and race in the US further empowered these activists,
Also, only starting in the 1990s, has the environmental justice framework been applied outside of the United States.
It is still not widely used in Asia as a framework academically but there are increasing movements for environmental justice (e.g. in China, Vietnam, and Thailand)
Regardless, of the location, as Schroeder et al. (2008) assert, at the core of environmental justice struggles are universal and part of broader patterns of injustice of a global significance.
Schlosberg’s 3 types of injustices
What are they?
distributive (how environmental goods and harms are unevenly distributed)
procedural (whether different groups have equal access to decision-making)
lack of recognition (whether groups have been discriminated against due to their identity).
2 key questions
1) what patterns of social inequality exist in relation to the environmental good or bad?
This question is a distributional one in which a contextual process claim of injustice is being made.
Such a claim analyses a specific situation, such as the distribution of floodwater in Bangkok in 2011, and historically traces patterns of urban development and decision-making and how these patterns produced injustices.
Questions that also need to be asked are how inequalities are being produced, who is responsible for them, how decisions have been made have, and how are government policies and practices created and enacted
2) The second series of questions are procedural ones, examining how a society operates: how power is distributed, and how uneven environmental outcomes arise as a consequence?
A basic insight of the movement is that “distribution o ...
Whose Land is this Anyways? The role of collective action in maintaining comm...CAPRi
The document discusses a case study of land conflict in Kbal Damrei Commune in Cambodia between a local community and a company that was granted an Economic Land Concession. The conflict was caused by a lack of coordination between government agencies that led to overlapping claims on the land by the community and company. The conflict initially strengthened collective action by the community to protest the land clearing by the company. However, collective action also played a positive role in managing the conflict by helping the community secure their rights to a social and environmental impact assessment and public consultation regarding the land concession. While collective action helped, support from external mediators was still needed to resolve the conflict in this case.
Rural Climate Dialogues: Developing a Citizen-Based Response nado-web
The document summarizes the Rural Climate Dialogues project, which aims to engage rural communities in deliberations about climate change impacts and solutions. The project facilitates Citizens' Juries in rural communities to identify key climate challenges and opportunities. It describes the process used, including pre-jury stakeholder engagement, a 3-day jury with expert presentations and deliberations, and post-jury coordination of recommendations. It summarizes pilot projects in Morris, MN, Grand Rapids, MN, and Winona, MN, outlining the top concerns, opportunities, and actions identified by each community. It also provides examples of follow-up actions and outcomes in the communities.
The politics of swidden: A case study from Nghe An and Son La in VietnamCIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Pham Thu Thuy, Moira Moeliono, Maria Brockhaus, Grace Wong and Le Ngoc Dung at a workshop on 'Sharing insights across REDD+ countries: Opportunities and obstacles for effective, efficient, and equitable carbon and non-carbon results' from 21-23 February 2017 in Naypyidaw, Myanmar.
Community self governance of forests in Bolivia the role of external actorsCIFOR-ICRAF
Krister Andersson
University of Colorado at Boulder, USA
krister.andersson@colorado.edu
Presentation for the conference on
Taking stock of smallholders and community forestry
Montpellier France
March 24-26, 2010
The document discusses the importance of building multiracial coalitions to promote race-sensitive policies. It notes that opportunities are now mediated through technology and institutions, and shaped by global trends. Structural racialization produces racialized outcomes through institutions. While universal policies may seem fair, they often do not account for differing experiences and access to opportunities among racial groups. Effective coalitions require addressing tensions around race and recognizing common interests despite political/social conflicts between groups.
The politics of swidden: A case study from Nghe An and Son La in VietnamCIFOR-ICRAF
Abstract of the research that this presentation refers to: Shifting cultivation, or swidden has long been seen as a major driver of deforestation and degradation. Using two case studies from Vietnam, this paper examines discourses on swidden at multiple levels. Our findings show a disparity between what is perceived as a driver of deforestation in a particular locality, and the proposed measures to reduce deforestation, often focusses only on swidden. Swidden is treated as a political issue, interpreted differently according to different policy preferences and policy translations at different government levels. As a result, swidden is has become ‘invisible’ as government authorities do not collect and report data on the issue. Since swidden is not recognized ‘politically’, swiddeners are often ‘forgotten’ in REDD+ and PES design and implementation. Omission of these actors from forest conservation and management programs could lead to further social marginalization and potentially spillover into deforestation and forest degradation. Our findings suggest that REDD + policies should take into account potentially diverging political interests on controversial land uses such as swidden and consider scientific evidence of ecosystem service provision, such as (but not limited to) carbon sequestration and storage, when assessing the eligible land uses for REDD+.
This presentation was given by Maria Brockhaus at the IUFRO conference in Beijing, China that was held from October 24-27, 2016.
Regional policies and practices on fire and haze: A case study in West Kalima...CIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Moira Moeliono, from the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), at the 7th Conference of the ASEAN Working Group on Social Forestry (AWG-SF) in Chiang Mai (Thailand), June 12-16, 2017.
1) Select one aspect of culture from the list. Once youve made yo.docxmonicafrancis71118
The document provides instructions for a weekly assignment on cultural anthropology. It prompts the student to choose a topic related to culture, select sources to use for different parts of a paper, and provide summaries of those sources. The student is asked to write a thesis statement based on their sources and is given guidelines for a final research paper where they will analyze aspects of their own and another culture from both emic and etic perspectives using the framework of cultural relativism.
Similar to Forest conflict in Asia & collective action (19)
Institutional Dimensions of Climate-Smart-Agriculture: The Role of Property R...CAPRi
Audio lecture by IFPRI's Ruth Meinzen-Dick that addresses the institutional dimensions of climate change response, especially the role of collective action and property rights
Presented at the CAPRi/CCAFS research workshop on "Institutions for Inclusive Climate-Smart Agriculture". September, 2012, Nairobi, Kenya. For more information, visit http://www.capri.cgiar.org/wks_0912.asp
Recursos, derechos y cooperación:carteles didácticosCAPRi
La Unión Europea ha acordado un paquete de sanciones contra Rusia por su invasión de Ucrania. Las sanciones incluyen restricciones a las transacciones con bancos rusos clave y la prohibición de la venta de aviones y equipos a Rusia. Los líderes de la UE también acordaron excluir a varios bancos rusos del sistema SWIFT de mensajería financiera.
Resources, Rights and Cooperation: Educational Poster ResourcesCAPRi
This educational poster series was developed at a workshop conducted in Goa, India on October 27-30, 2009 organized by the Systemwide Program on Collective Action and Property Rights (CAPRi), an inter-center initiative of the Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research (CGIAR).
The posters are designed for use by field-based practitioners, educators, trainers, and development administrators. These posters were developed to complement the publication Resources, Rights and Cooperation: A Sourcebook on Property Rights and Collective Action for Sustainable Development.
The Commons: Governance and Collective ActionCAPRi
The document discusses the governance and collective action challenges of managing common pool resources or commons. It defines commons as natural or socially constructed resources that are large enough that exclusion of users is difficult. Managing commons requires collective action to coordinate use while maintaining sustainable production. The document reviews different frameworks for analyzing commons issues, including the "tragedy of the commons" perspective, different property rights systems, and Elinor Ostrom's work on institutional design principles for long-enduring management of commons. It emphasizes that successful governance depends on rules fitting the social-ecological context and polycentric systems with multiple decision-making centers.
The Ultimate Question of How to Cut the Pie? Revenue Sharing of Gorilla Touri...CAPRi
This document discusses the role of mountain gorilla tourism in the post-conflict recovery of Rwanda. It finds that mountain gorilla tourism has significantly contributed to Rwanda's economic growth since the 1994 genocide, becoming the largest foreign exchange earner. It also discusses how revenue from gorilla tourism is shared with local communities and has helped fund projects providing education, water, and livelihoods. Transboundary collaboration between Rwanda, Uganda, and DRC on gorilla conservation has also helped promote regional peacebuilding and security.
Political Conflicts and Community Forestry: Understanding the Impact of the D...CAPRi
Presented at the CAPRi International Workshop on Collective Action, Property Rights, and Conflict in Natural Resources Management. June 28th to July 1st, 2010, Siem Reap, Cambodia.
http://www.capri.cgiar.org/wks_0610.asp
Role of Customary Law and Communities in Natural Resource Management in Post-...CAPRi
Presented at the CAPRi International Workshop on Collective Action, Property Rights, and Conflict in Natural Resources Management. June 28th to July 1st, 2010, Siem Reap, Cambodia.
http://www.capri.cgiar.org/wks_0610.asp
Land, Power and Peace: Tenure systems and the formalization agenda in post-ge...CAPRi
Presented at the CAPRi International Workshop on Collective Action, Property Rights, and Conflict in Natural Resources Management. June 28th to July 1st, 2010, Siem Reap, Cambodia.
http://www.capri.cgiar.org/wks_0610.asp
Natural resource conflicts and community organisations in BangladeshCAPRi
Presented at the CAPRi International Workshop on Collective Action, Property Rights, and Conflict in Natural Resources Management. June 28th to July 1st, 2010, Siem Reap, Cambodia.
http://www.capri.cgiar.org/wks_0610.asp
How can collective action and customary laws help to manage conflicts over na...CAPRi
Presented at the CAPRi International Workshop on Collective Action, Property Rights, and Conflict in Natural Resources Management. June 28th to July 1st, 2010, Siem Reap, Cambodia.
http://www.capri.cgiar.org/wks_0610.asp
Conflict, Cooperation & Collective Action: land use, water rights and water s...CAPRi
Presented at the CAPRi International Workshop on Collective Action, Property Rights, and Conflict in Natural Resources Management. June 28th to July 1st, 2010, Siem Reap, Cambodia.
http://www.capri.cgiar.org/wks_0610.asp
Social Identity, Natural Resources, & PeacebuildingCAPRi
Presented at the CAPRi International Workshop on Collective Action, Property Rights, and Conflict in Natural Resources Management. June 28th to July 1st, 2010, Siem Reap, Cambodia.
http://www.capri.cgiar.org/wks_0610.asp
Third party involvement in collective water governanceCAPRi
Presented at the CAPRi International Workshop on Collective Action, Property Rights, and Conflict in Natural Resources Management. June 28th to July 1st, 2010, Siem Reap, Cambodia.
http://www.capri.cgiar.org/wks_0610.asp
Resource Conflict, Collective Action, and Resilience: An Analytical FrameworkCAPRi
Presented at the CAPRi International Workshop on Collective Action, Property Rights, and Conflict in Natural Resources Management. June 28th to July 1st, 2010, Siem Reap, Cambodia.
http://www.capri.cgiar.org/wks_0610.asp
This is a presentation on "Institutional Dimensions of Climate Change: The Role of Property Rights and Collective Action", given by Ruth Meinzen-Dick on February 19, 2010 at the FAO in Rome.
CAPRi is a CGIAR program that focuses on collective action and property rights related to natural resource management. It conducts research through grants and fellowships, holds workshops, and engages in capacity building. CAPRi has produced many publications and tools on its topics. It works with various partners and networks. Current activities include grants on securing access to natural resources, developing a training sourcebook, work on climate change and institutions, and organizing a workshop on collective action, property rights, and conflict in natural resource management.
1. Forest conflict in Asia & collective action Yurdi Yasmi, Thomas Enters, Lisa Kelley, James Bampton
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3. How serious is the issue? Asia : 3/4 forests affected by violent Cambodia : 236 cases (2009); 60% violent Indonesia : Between 12 – 20 million people affected Thailand : 1.3 million ha (settlement) overlap with protected area