Petro-SIM is a purpose-built oil and gas process simulation software that combines process simulation capabilities with reservoir modeling and production system modeling to enable modeling of full field development and production over the life of a facility. It integrates leading thermodynamic models and provides unique capabilities for modeling changing conditions over time. Petro-SIM also allows for detailed hydrate and flow assurance modeling and prediction using its integrated Multiflash compositional modeling.
En esta presentación se ofrece una vista a gran escala de lo que son las secciones cónicas, su historia, como aparecen en la vida diaria, como podemos presentarlas a los estudiantes de una forma más simple, sus ecuaciones y finalmente algunos recursos electrónicos.
practicos folletos o tripticos sobre carreras profesionales, su perfiles, sus subespecialidades, su campo ocupacional. para todos los estudiantes, psicologos y docentes
"como diagramar o seu livro" é um curso online da Universidade do Autor e pode ser encontrado, narrado e gratuitamente, no http://www.clubedeautores.com.br
Los sistemas (bombas) de infusión facilitan la administración parenteral (intravenosa, subcutánea, intraperitoneal, intrarraquídea) de drogas y soluciones, y son usadas donde es esencial la precisión y un aporte constante.
En esta presentación se ofrece una vista a gran escala de lo que son las secciones cónicas, su historia, como aparecen en la vida diaria, como podemos presentarlas a los estudiantes de una forma más simple, sus ecuaciones y finalmente algunos recursos electrónicos.
practicos folletos o tripticos sobre carreras profesionales, su perfiles, sus subespecialidades, su campo ocupacional. para todos los estudiantes, psicologos y docentes
"como diagramar o seu livro" é um curso online da Universidade do Autor e pode ser encontrado, narrado e gratuitamente, no http://www.clubedeautores.com.br
Los sistemas (bombas) de infusión facilitan la administración parenteral (intravenosa, subcutánea, intraperitoneal, intrarraquídea) de drogas y soluciones, y son usadas donde es esencial la precisión y un aporte constante.
All phosphoric acid concentration units suffer from fouling requiring frequent shutdowns, cleaning and start-up cycles. These cycles are time consuming. Any process and control improvement facilitating the operations can lead to significant increase on strong acid production. This study shows how dynamic simulation can be used to conduct engineering studies, operational studies and training simulators to optimize the operability of a greenfield phosphoric acid concentration unit. In order to perform this optimization, a first principle model predicting how process and associated control will respond as a function of time was created based on all plant’s engineering information. The model can be further combined to DCS graphics and field operated devices schematics to facilitate procedure testing. Constant pressure and constant temperature start-up procedures were tested in order to estimate which procedure minimizes time to concentrate acid from 25% to 50% P2O5. It was found that both procedures were equivalent in terms of time and energy consumption, but constant pressure strategy is simpler and safer, potentially leading to less human related losses. These procedures were performed executing step-by-step actions, allowing determining most frequent mistakes, any missing actions and improving the existing written procedure. Furthermore, the simulator allowed verifying equipment design, interlocks, control logic and identifying new control enhancement opportunity. In addition, many tools available with the dynamic simulator can be used for operator training purposes leading to potential operability gains.
Dynamic operator training simulators for sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid, and...Sergio Joao
Dynamic process simulators are widely used in the chemical and petrochemical industries for operator training, plant design, and optimization;but there is a lack of rigorous simulators in the phosphate fertilizer industry. Some of the many difficulties encountered in phosphate fertilizer simulation include: lack of knowledge of thermodynamic properties, presence of many phases (gas, liquid, and solids), high levels and variation of impurities in phosphate rock producing unknown effects, complexity in modeling particle size distribution, etc. Dynamic training simulators were successfully developed for sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid, and DAP production units of OCP Group’s Jorf Lasfar complex using a commercial simulation platform. A new thermodynamic property package was developed for sulphuric acid and oleum to correctly predict vapor pressure, density, enthalpy, and SO2 solubility. Also, a rotary drum granulator was developed to consider the reaction chemistry of DAP production and the stochastic nature of solids created. The granulator can accurately predict particle size distribution, moisture content, ammonia and dust losses, and gas/solid temperatures. It was shown that the simulators could precisely reproduce control room and field operations to model plant start-ups, emergency or normal shutdowns, process upsets, and normal operations.
Reactor Modeling Tools - An Overview
CONTENTS
1 SCOPE
2 OPTIONS IN REACTOR MODELING
2.1 General
2.2 Level of Complexity of Model
2.3 Mode of Operation of Model
2.4 Deterministic versus Empirical Modeling
2.5 Platforms for Model
2.6 Steady State versus Dynamic Model
2.7 Dimensions Modeled in Reactor
2.8 Scale of Modeling for Multiphase Reactors
2.9 Writing and Using the Model
APPENDICES
A CHARACTERISTICS OF DIFFERENT REACTOR MODELS
B NEEDS FOR MODELING AT DIFFERENT SCALES IN
HETEROGENEOUS CATALYTIC REACTORS
C REACTOR MODELS EMPLOYED WITHIN GBHE
DOCUMENTS REFERRED TO IN THIS PROCESS ENGINEERING GUIDE
Reactor Modeling Tools – Multiple Regressions
CONTENTS
0 INTRODUCTION
1 SCOPE
2 THEORY
3 EXCEL 2007: MULTIPLE REGRESSIONS
3.1 Overview
3.2 Multiple Regression Using the Data Analysis ADD-IN
3.3 Interpret Regression Statistics Table
3.4 Interpret ANOVA Table
3.5 Interpret Regression Coefficients Table
3.6 Confidence Intervals for Slope Coefficients
3.7 Test Hypothesis of Zero Slope Coefficients ("Test of Statistical Significance")
3.8 Test Hypothesis on a Regression Parameter
3.8.1 Using the p-value approach
3.8.2 Using the critical value approach
3.9 Overall Test of Significance of the Regression Parameters
3.10 Predicted Value of Y Given Regressors
3.11 Excel Limitations
4 SPECIAL FEATURES REQUIRING MORE SOPHISTICATED TECHNIQUES
5 USER INFORMATION SUPPLIED
A SUBROUTINE
B DATA
C RESULTS
6 EXAMPLE
Integrated Asset Modeling for Market Driven Gas Planning - GasAssureStochastic Simulation
GasAssure is a fully integrated asset modeling solution (IAM) for market-driven gas planning, which enables long-term gas forecasting to support key commercial decision making. It delivers a unique "reservoir to market" solution, allowing for short, medium and long-term gas planning from source, through processing and delivery, right up to the allocation of resources to meet the market demand.
KMPS’ engineering team helped the client design a modular distillation system to recover and purify spent solvents, a process that is vital for the plant’s manufacturing operations. The system was fabricated and delivered under an expedited project schedule to meet a customer specified timeline.
Case Study: Modelling Refinery ProcessesFlex Process
Flex Process modelled most of an oil refinery using Pro/II, giving the client a platform to test modifications off-line, try out new operating regimes, and run different feed stocks, with no risk to the process.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Online aptitude test management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The purpose of on-line aptitude test system is to take online test in an efficient manner and no time wasting for checking the paper. The main objective of on-line aptitude test system is to efficiently evaluate the candidate thoroughly through a fully automated system that not only saves lot of time but also gives fast results. For students they give papers according to their convenience and time and there is no need of using extra thing like paper, pen etc. This can be used in educational institutions as well as in corporate world. Can be used anywhere any time as it is a web based application (user Location doesn’t matter). No restriction that examiner has to be present when the candidate takes the test.
Every time when lecturers/professors need to conduct examinations they have to sit down think about the questions and then create a whole new set of questions for each and every exam. In some cases the professor may want to give an open book online exam that is the student can take the exam any time anywhere, but the student might have to answer the questions in a limited time period. The professor may want to change the sequence of questions for every student. The problem that a student has is whenever a date for the exam is declared the student has to take it and there is no way he can take it at some other time. This project will create an interface for the examiner to create and store questions in a repository. It will also create an interface for the student to take examinations at his convenience and the questions and/or exams may be timed. Thereby creating an application which can be used by examiners and examinee’s simultaneously.
Examination System is very useful for Teachers/Professors. As in the teaching profession, you are responsible for writing question papers. In the conventional method, you write the question paper on paper, keep question papers separate from answers and all this information you have to keep in a locker to avoid unauthorized access. Using the Examination System you can create a question paper and everything will be written to a single exam file in encrypted format. You can set the General and Administrator password to avoid unauthorized access to your question paper. Every time you start the examination, the program shuffles all the questions and selects them randomly from the database, which reduces the chances of memorizing the questions.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
Water billing management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project entitled “Water Billing Management System” aims is to generate Water bill with all the charges and penalty. Manual system that is employed is extremely laborious and quite inadequate. It only makes the process more difficult and hard.
The aim of our project is to develop a system that is meant to partially computerize the work performed in the Water Board like generating monthly Water bill, record of consuming unit of water, store record of the customer and previous unpaid record.
We used HTML/PHP as front end and MYSQL as back end for developing our project. HTML is primarily a visual design environment. We can create a android application by designing the form and that make up the user interface. Adding android application code to the form and the objects such as buttons and text boxes on them and adding any required support code in additional modular.
MySQL is free open source database that facilitates the effective management of the databases by connecting them to the software. It is a stable ,reliable and the powerful solution with the advanced features and advantages which are as follows: Data Security.MySQL is free open source database that facilitates the effective management of the databases by connecting them to the software.
1. Petro-SIM is the only purpose-built oil and gas facilities
simulator that combines the rich DNA of process simulation in an
advanced and modern platform.
Petro-SIM’s integration with Multiflash offers a leading
compositional PVT simulator with advanced thermodynamics
packages able to handle multiple fluid and solid phases such as
ice and hydrates.
Adding Maximus’s thermal hydraulic network simulator provides
Life-of-Field production system models from reservoir and wells
through pipelines and production facilities.
Petro-SIM provides the unique capability to model life of facility
scenarios to ensure that your processing facility meets the long
term needs of the reservoir.
Advanced Process Simulation
for Upstream & Midstream
with &
AYokogawa Company
2. Petro-SIM’s Core Capabilities
for the Upstream and Midstream Hydrocarbon Industries
Petro-SIM provides innovative technology for the upstream and midstream
hydrocarbon industries in an advanced process simulation platform.
Process Engineering
Engineering Design
Field Development Planning
CapEx Study
Feasibility Studies
Design
Operate
Process Engineering
Target Setting
Operating Standards
Environment & Safety
Improve
Debottlenecking
Process Engineering
Troubleshooting
Process Optimisation
Improvement Projects
Sustain
Process Engineering
Performance Monitoring
Fouling Monitoring
Staff Training
Date-Based Simulation
Petro-SIM is the first process simulator to allow date-based modelling enabling you to run
a steady state model at different points in time using different sets of time-dependent input
data. You can activate alternative facilities that are required for equipment change-out or
process debottlenecking, inside a single simulation. The simulator calculates a series of
steady state scenarios over days, months and years
in one model.
Key process variables can be plotted during the Life-of-Field model. The cumulative
results over time and time-weighted averages of rate variables such as volume, mass, and
economic cost, can also be calculated. Petro-SIM allows you to explore the life of asset
economics.
Life-of-Field Integrated Production Modelling
using the Maximus Plugin
Maximus provides a unique field-wide and life-of-field modelling capability that combines
thermal hydraulic and compositional rigour for accurate, steady state model-based
performance predictions. Maximus delivers world leading decision support with
a realistic representation of all the major components of a field-wide system.
By combining rigorous Maximus production models with high-fidelity Petro-SIM
process models, an Integrated Production Model (IPM) reduces the number of
arbitrary boundary specification and design margins. By using Maximus in conjunction with
Petro-SIM in an IPM, alternative designs enable you to reflect actual operating conditions
with more realistic design margins and provide lower CAPEX designs that allow quick
decision-making within your organisation.
with &
Maximus – Petro-SIM – Multiflash Advantage
Using an IPM with Multiflash’s verified and accurate PVT/compositional data and applicable equation
of state methods provides a consistent basis for production and processing simulation. A consistent
thermodynamic basis allows all groups working on the project to collaborate effectively and efficiently.
This can only be achieved using KBC’s Maximus and Petro-SIM technology along with the Multiflash
common thermodynamic basis.
Investigate the impact of time-
dependent variables such as
changing process feed flow
rate, gas quality, and seasonal
ambient air temperature based
on the gas turbine performance.
In this example case, the
refrigeration load factor
increases from 65-75% during
Year 1 to 95-105% during Year
5 of operation. Cumulative
and time-weighted average
values of feeds, products, fuel
gas consumption, and energy
consumption throughout the
Life-of-Field study allows for
quick evaluation of alternatives
to maximise production and
achieve optimum NPV.
3. Multiflash Native Integration
and Flow Assurance Analysis
Petro-SIM’s native integration with the Multiflash fluid package
methods allows you to complete flow assurance studies directly
inside process simulator models. Advanced hydrate prediction and
hydrate inhibition modelling can be completed using the superior
CPA-Infochem cubic EOS. Other natively supported Multiflash fluid
package methods include GERG 2008, RKS (Advanced), and RKSA
(Infochem).
Using Multiflash, the rigorous n-phase thermodynamic flash
calculations allow for all fluid and solid phases to be modelled. Solid
phases such as ice and hydrates can be predicted in addition to the
typical vapour, liquid hydrocarbon, and aqueous water phases. All
phases are correctly represented in the Petro-SIM
PFD simulation environment.
Lab Analysis Graphical Interface
Petro-SIM’s new Lab Analysis interface provides a single
environment for the rapid assessment of hydrate risk and
development of mitigation actions. Lab Analysis uses the superior
CPA-Infochem cubic EOS, resulting in rapid assessment of hydrate
formation risks by providing phase envelope boundaries, Hydrate
I, Hydrate II, ice an d water boundaries as well as the current
operating point. The ability to add alcohols and glycols for hydrate
inhibition to the process stream without impacting the flowsheet
enables rapid testing and development of hydrate mitigation
strategies.
Black Oil Characterisation
and Blending
The combination of Petro-SIM blending with Multiflash
thermodynamics offers best-in-class blended oil property predictions,
including standard carbon number characterisation.
In addition, wax deposition calculations and asphaltenes prediction
can be accessed via the improved Cape Open interface.
Where there is a risk of hydrate
formation, workflows can be
configured to automatically
check the process simulation
and identify streams. Steams
are highlighted on the process
flow diagram and a customisable
warning message is generated
for the material stream status.
The rigorous n-phase flash
using the CPA-Infochem cubic
EOS identifies the solid phases
present as well as the quantity
and composition of each phase.
Individual or groups of streams
can be sent to Lab Analysis for
further detailed analysis. Fluid
properties including phase
boundaries, critical point, Hydrate
I, Hydrate II, ice and water
boundaries, as well as current
operating point are plotted.
Inhibitor strategies can be
investigated by adding alcohols
and glycols to the stream without
impacting the flowsheet. The fluid
with inhibitor phase boundaries
are plotted and the quantity of
inhibitor required to prevent
hydrate formation reported.
4. KBC has a unique focus on:
Quality. Innovation. Support. Value.
All of these areas of focus are backed up by our industry-leading consulting
capabilities to help provide answers for our diverse clients. In addition, world
class technical support is available to all of our customers under a maintenance
agreement.
Petro-SIM is the process simulation platform that was purpose-built with
industry relevant technology. Petro-SIM focuses on maximising the value
of your assets by providing you with the confidence to make knowledgeable
decisions to improve your facility’s performance and drive organisational
excellence.
Gas Turbine and Compressor Technology
A rigorous single- or twin-shaft gas turbine unit operation is part of the Petro-
SIM flowsheet. Combustion reaction models are handled automatically.
Isentropic efficiencies and air and fuel flow rates are calculated. Compressor unit
operations provide you with the ability to enter multiple alternative performance
curves and a performance map to visualise compressor performance relative to
surge and stonewall limits. The combined gas turbine and compressor models
allow compression system performance, power loading limits, and operating
envelopes to be accurately modelled. As a result, the gas turbine fuel gas
consumption can be correctly accounted for within the model therefore allowing
the total material and energy balance for the overall compression process plant
to be calculated.
Third Party Hydraulic Technology
Petro-SIM provides integration to leading third-party technology for other
hydraulic modelling vendors and software including:
• Schlumberger PIPESIM™ for steady state integrated production modelling.
• Schlumberger OLGA™ software and Billington Process Technology OLX™
link for dynamic integrated production modelling.
• Flaretot Limited Flaretot Professional™ software for a rigorous approach to
modelling of flare systems in a single flare simulation environment.
KBC ADVANCED
TECHNOLOGIES LTD
Head Office
42-50 Hersham Road
Walton on Thames
Surrey KT12 1RZ
UK
T +44 (0)1932 242424
F +44 (0)1932 224214
www.kbcat.com
answers@kbcat.com
Petro-SIM™
Online
AYokogawa Company