1. Types of Plants_Anup A
Mohabansi 1
1
Classification of Different types of
Plant & Machinery & machine in
each type
Anup A. Mohabansi.
2. Types of Plants_Anup A
Mohabansi 1
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Why Immovable property valuer should have Basic knowledge of
Plant & machinery
Gen eg. Since knowledge of Structural Engineering is must for Architect / Designer for
better planning like wise
• [1] in most of the Valuation assignments immovable Property Valuer & Plant
and Machinery valuer have to work jointly.
• [2] Basic Knowledge of Plant and Machinery is very essential
• [3] Best use of existing specific plant to any other alternative plant can be
thought of and accordingly valuation of immovable property can be justified
• e.g. a unit of automobile plant can easily converted to Manufacturing plant
for construction equipment , Textile Plant & others
• [4] as per existing situation valuer can think of permissible & alternative use
in that location
• e.g. machine foundations of existing plant can be reused for some other
plant.
• [5] Due consideration can be given to environmental aspect if we know the
effluent
• eg. Sugar industries effluent like Molasses can affect the Real Estate Value
in Vicinity.
3. Types of Plants_Anup A
Mohabansi 1
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for manufacturing items, Plants are
establish
• Plant is sole process of Manufacturing an items
• normally the plants consists of
• Numbers of different type of machinery,
• Ancillary plants
• Service system
• Controlling unit
• Raw Material storage
• Finish Goods storage
4. Types of Plants_Anup A
Mohabansi 1
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As per valuation norms All movable assets which concern the
industrial plant, Machinery will fall under one of the following group
• 1] Plant and machinery
• 2] Service system
• 3] Loose Tolls & Equipments
• 4] Fixtures & Fittings
• 5] Office & other Furniture
• 6] Office Equipments (Computer Hardware, Software,
Typewriters,
• Printing, Xerox & others)
• 7] Vehicles
• 8] Raw Material Stock
• 9] Finished Stock
13. Types of Plants_Anup A
Mohabansi 1
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• Manufacturing Process 1. Crushing & Proportioning:
Limestone rock is the principal raw material, the first step after quarrying in the processes is the primary crushing.
Mountains of rock are fed through crushers capable of handling pieces as large as an oil drum. The first crushing
reduces the rock to a maximum size of about 15 cm (6 po). The rock then goes to secondary crushers or hammer
mills for reduction to about 7.5 cm or smaller.
2. Raw milling & Blending:
The next step in the process is to grind the above particles to a size of 90 microns or less which is done in a raw
mill, a closed circuit ball mill equipped with high efficiency separator. After achieving the 90 microns size the fine
grinded material also known as raw meal is sent to the continuous blending silos (CFC) for homogenization &
extracted by means of load cell hopper for the next step which is feeding to the kiln pre heaters.
3. Pyro processing:
The raw material is heated to exceeding 1,450 °C (2,700 degrees F) in huge cylindrical steel rotary kilns lined with
special firebrick. Kilns are frequently as much as 3.7 M (12 pi) in diameter, large enough to accommodate an
automobile and longer in many instances than the height of a 40-story building. Kilns are mounted with the axis
inclined slightly from the horizontal. The finely ground raw material or the slurry is fed into the higher end. At the
lower end is a roaring blast of flame, produced by precisely controlled burning of powdered coal, oil or gas under
forced draft.
4. Burning and cooling:
As the material moves through the kiln, certain elements are driven off in the form of gases. The remaining
elements unite to form a new substance with new physical and chemical characteristics. The new substance,
called clinker, is formed in pieces about the size of marbles.
Clinker is discharged red-hot from the lower end of the kiln and generally is brought down to handling temperature
in various types of coolers. The heated air from the coolers is returned to the kilns, a process that saves fuel and
increases burning efficiency.
5. Cement milling, Storage & Packing:
Portland cement, the basic ingredient of concrete, is a closely controlled chemical combination of calcium, silicon,
aluminum, iron and small amounts of other ingredients to which gypsum is added in the final grinding process to
regulate the setting time of the concrete. Lime and silica make up about 85% of the mass. Common among the
materials used in its manufacture are limestone, shells, and chalk or marl combined with shale, clay, slate or blast
furnace slag, silica sand, and iron ore. The above mixture
14. Types of Plants_Anup A
Mohabansi 1
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Machinery Required for Cement
Plant
• Air Blasters
Cement Grouting Pump
Cement Machinery
Clinker Grinding Unit
Feeders
Grinding EquipmentsKilns
Pneumatic Conveyors
15. Types of Plants_Anup A
Mohabansi 1
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Chemical plant
• Chemical Plants is an industrial process
plant that manufactures chemicals, usually
on a large scale. Petrochemical plants are
usually located adacent to an oil refinery to
minimize transportation costs for the
feedstocks produced by the refinery.
Specialty chemical plants are usually
much smaller and not as sensitive to
location
16. Types of Plants_Anup A
Mohabansi 1
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Machinery Required for Chemical
Plants
• Bottle Washing Machine
Chemical Dryer
Chemical Handling Equipment
Chemical Machining
Chemical Mixer
Chemical Process Equipment
Chemical Process Pumps
Compressed Air Dryer
Distillation Columns
Distillation Equipment
Fertilizer Plants
Gas Dryers
Industrial Mixers
Laboratory Centrifuge
MS Tanks
Powder Filler
Process Reaction Vessels
Rotary Vacuum Dryers
Screening Machinery
17. Types of Plants_Anup A
Mohabansi 1
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Main Division of chemical Plants
• Reaction VesselJacketed VesselLimpet
Coil VesselTop Open
VesselEvaporation Pan
24. Types of Plants_Anup A
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[F] Ferro Alloy Plant
• The chromite received from
Sukinda is first ground and then
pelletised to obtain green pellets,
which are fired at around 14000C
in a vertical shaft furnace to impart
strength. The plant has facilities to
pre-heat these pellets in a rotary
kiln to around 8000C but, this unit
is now not in use and has been
substituted by a vertical shaft pre-
heater. Pre-heating is important
since every 1000C rise in feed
temperature reduces the
subsequent electrical energy
consumption by 70 kwh per tonne
of ferro-chrome (70-80% of the
cost of ferro0chrome manufacture
is on electrical power).
25. Types of Plants_Anup A
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• Smelting of the pre-
heated pellets along
with some hard lumpy
chrome one as well
as briquettes made
from pellet fines is
carried out in a totally
enclosed submerged
electric arc furnace.
Coke and quartzite
are also charged into
25 MVA submerged
28. Types of Plants_Anup A
Mohabansi 1
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Gases Plants mainly divided into
four parts
• [1] Air Separation Plants,[2] Oxygen
Plants, [3] Nitrogen Plants, [4]
Acetylene Plants
33. Types of Plants_Anup A
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Power Plants
• Thermal PlantsHydro Electricity
PlantsNuclear power plant / Atomic Energy
PlantsTidal Power Wind energy plants
34. Types of Plants_Anup A
Mohabansi 1
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Alathiyur
Location: Tamil Nadu
Operator: Madras Cements
35. Types of Plants_Anup A
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Neyveli II
Location: Tamil Nadu, Operator:
Neyveli Lignite Corp Ltd
Configuration: 3 X 210 MW
Operation: 1986-1988 , Fuel:
36. Types of Plants_Anup A
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Rayalaseema-I
Location: Andhra Pradesh
Operator: Andhra Pradesh Power Generation Corp
Configuration: 2 X 210 MW
Operation: 1994-1995
37. Types of Plants_Anup A
Mohabansi 1
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Simhadri
Location: Andhra Pradesh
Operator: National Thermal Power Corp Ltd
Configuration: 2 X 500 MW
38. Types of Plants_Anup A
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Trombay
Location: Maharashtra
Operator: Tata Electric
Configuration: 1 X 150 MW, 2 X 500 MW, 1 X 180 MW CC
Operation: 1965-1993
Fuel: coal, natural gas, oil
39. Types of Plants_Anup A
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Nuclear Power
The dome-shaped containment building at the
Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant near Raleigh, NC
40. Types of Plants_Anup A
Mohabansi 1
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Hydro Electricity Plants
Pench,Koyna,Kharghar,Khaparkeda,Bhakranagal,Vaitarna,
41. Types of Plants_Anup A
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Tidal Power Plants
And how it works
• The energy potential of tidal basins is large — the largest facility, the
La Rance station in France, generates 240 megawatts of
power. France is the only country that successfully uses this power
source.,
• the Earth would slow its rotation by 24 hours every 2,000 years.
• There are three basic ways to tap the ocean for its energy. We can
use the ocean's waves, we can use the ocean's high and low tides,
or we can use temperature differences in the water.
• Kinetic energy (movement) exists in the moving waves of the ocean.
That energy can be used to power a turbine. In this simple example,
to the right, the wave rises into a chamber. The rising water forces
the air out of the chamber. The moving air spins a turbine which can
turn a generator
45. Types of Plants_Anup A
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Machinery Required for Oil &
Gas refinery
• Gas Turbine Packages for power generation (10 to 34 MW)
• Mechanical Drive Gas Turbines (10 to 34 MW)
• Steam Turbines for Mechanical Drive
• Compressors (Centrifugal, Reciprocating, Oil-free Screw)
• Hot Gas Expanders
• Turbo expanders
• Centrifugal Pumps
• Compression/Pumping packages
• Heavy Wall Reactors
• Air Cooled Heat Exchangers
• Steam Condensers
• Control & Safety Valves
• Product Installation & Maintenance Services
• Revamps & Rerates
46. Types of Plants_Anup A
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PROCESS UNITS LICENSOR / DESIGN CAPACITY
AVU EIL, India 6.0 MMTPA
Hydrocracker UOP, USA 1.7 MMTPA
Hydrogen Unit HALDER TOPSOE, Denmark 38000 MTPA
Diesel Hydro- desulphurisation Unit IFP, France 0.7 MMTPA
Resid Fluidised Catalytic Cracking unit Stone & Webster, USA 0.7 MMTPA
Continuous Catalytic Cracking unit IFP, France 0.5 MMTPA
Visbreaker unit EIL, India 0.4 MMTPA
Bitumen Blowing Unit EIL, India 0.5 MMTPA
Sulphur Recovery Unit Delta Hudson, Canada 2 X 115 MTPD
48. Types of Plants_Anup A
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Ship Building Plants & Integrated Steel Plants
• Bhilai Steel Plant (BSP) in Chhattisgarh
• Durgapur Steel Plant (DSP) in West
Bengal
• Rourkela Steel Plant (RSP) in Orissa
• Bokaro Steel Plant (BSL) in Jharkhand
• IISCO Steel Plant (ISP) in West Bengal
• Special Steel Plants
• Alloy Steels Plants (ASP) in West
Bengal
• Salem Steel Plant (SSP) in Tamil Nadu
• Visvesvaraya Iron and Steel Plant
(VISL) in Karnataka
49. Types of Plants_Anup A
Mohabansi 1
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A view of the Hot Rolling Division at
Hisar
52. Types of Plants_Anup A
Mohabansi 1
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Fresh Tomato
Cold Storage for Storage
of Tomato
For Processing
Washing Station
Shorting
H.P. Lifting
Crushing
Storage
Tomato Paste Process
Screw Pumping
Pre heating Chambers
Slurry Storage
Double Pumping
Slurry Storage
D. E. Evaporation
Screw Pumping
Prepared Paste
Screw pumping
Balancing
T.I.T Sterilizer
Aseptic Filling
Finished Product
Bottling & Packing
53. Types of Plants_Anup A
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Importance of Knowing Knowledge
of Plants & Machinery
in Report writing
• Report writing of Immovable Property
• Foundations of machinery can be easily workout
• By knowing the flow chart valuer can idea about the
detailing & Dimensions of Ancillary Civil Structure
• Stability of Civil Structure depends on Type of
Machinery involved.
• Detailing will be easily workout for Valuation.
• Detailing of fabricated structure can be easily work out
![Types of Plants_Anup A
Mohabansi 1
2
Why Immovable property valuer should have Basic knowledge of
Plant & machinery
Gen eg. Since knowledge of Structural Engineering is must for Architect / Designer for
better planning like wise
• [1] in most of the Valuation assignments immovable Property Valuer & Plant
and Machinery valuer have to work jointly.
• [2] Basic Knowledge of Plant and Machinery is very essential
• [3] Best use of existing specific plant to any other alternative plant can be
thought of and accordingly valuation of immovable property can be justified
• e.g. a unit of automobile plant can easily converted to Manufacturing plant
for construction equipment , Textile Plant & others
• [4] as per existing situation valuer can think of permissible & alternative use
in that location
• e.g. machine foundations of existing plant can be reused for some other
plant.
• [5] Due consideration can be given to environmental aspect if we know the
effluent
• eg. Sugar industries effluent like Molasses can affect the Real Estate Value
in Vicinity.](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)