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FLDA(Fisher Linear Discriminant
Analysis)
IsaacLu
首先講到資料降維我們就會想到PCA(主要成分分析)跟LDA(線
性識別分析)
,那我們該怎麼去做選擇呢?
在下圖我們可以很清楚的看出其兩者對於資料的處理的不同
投影到PCA的投影線上,對於每個點的
vector norm和會是誤差最小
投影到FLDA的投影線上,對於每個點較能
將兩個classes區分開來
那要如何來實現能盡量區分class的降維呢?
 首先我們需要的是
同個class的data投影的越近越好(within class)
不同class的data投影的越遠越好(between class)
 由此找到一個函式
FLDA的推導跟範例
 先假設我們有兩個classes ω1、ω2如下:
 Class ω1: X1=(x1,x2)={(4,2),(2,4),(2,3),(3,6),(4,4)}
Class ω2: X2=(x1,x2)={(9,10),(6,8),(9,5),(8,7),(10,8)}
 我們做LDA的目的就是為了找到讓投影向量w,把data投影到w上得到新的coordinate y
 讓我們可以如下右圖一般
 為了將同一class中data投影的越近越好用量化的值表示,
首先我們必須去算出每個class data 的平均值mean:
 投影過後的平均值是:
 所以我們接下來就可以定出兩個classes資料的之間的平均距離
 這就是我們所謂的distance between classes(Between class),接著我們可以再定出兩個classes資
料在投影過後分散的散度(scatter)
 這個散度函數是Fisher自己定的,上面的表示為各個class中的點投影在投影線上到各個class中投影
過後的平均值的距離的平方,可見下頁圖
 所以現在我們可以得到我們最初假設的函數
 回到我們最初的假設,我們希望J(w)其分母越小越好,表示我們希望在每個class裡data距離越近越
好,分子越大越好,表示各個class之間距離越遠越好
 在J(w)的分母的每個term可以表示成下面運算出的型態
Reference
 http://www.cmlab.csie.mtu.edu.tw~cyy/learning/tutorials/LDA.pdf
 http://blog.ncue.edu.tw/sys/lib/read_attach.php?id=13231

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FLDA(fisher linear discriminant analysis)

Editor's Notes

  1. PCA是一種無監督算法 LDA是選擇投影後使得組內方差小,組間方差大的方向來投影
  2. 感謝ntucmlab分享的introduction to LDA讓我能完成這份講解 http://www.cmlab.csie.mtu.edu.tw~cyy/learning/tutorials/LDA.pdf
  3. 其實看到這邊我一直有一個疑問,在class裡的每個點到class的mean的距離會是座標相減平方再相加然後開根號,可是這邊scatter的表示卻是座標相減平方相加再開根號,這算出來不會是等同於距離吧 我想這個scatter是作者設計出來跟距離公式相近的值來用來表示data在class中的分散程度