International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Fixed Point Results In Fuzzy Menger Space With Common Property (E.A.)IJERA Editor
This paper presents some common fixed point theorems for weakly compatible mappings via an implicit relation in Fuzzy Menger spaces satisfying the common property (E.A)
In the present paper , we introduce and study the concept of gr- Ti- space (for i =0,1,2) and
obtain the characterization of gr –regular space , gr- normal space by using the notion of gr-open
sets. Further, some of their properties and results are discussed.
8 fixed point theorem in complete fuzzy metric space 8 megha shrivastavaBIOLOGICAL FORUM
ABSTRACT: In this paper our works establish a new fixed point theorem for a different type of mapping in complete fuzzy metric space. Here we define a mapping by using some proved results and obtain a result on the actuality of fixed points. We inspired by the concept of Hossein Piri and Poom Kumam [15]. They introduced the fixed point theorem for generalized F-suzuki -contraction mappings in complete b-metric space. Next Robert plebaniak [16] express his idea by result “New generalized fuzzy metric space and fixed point theorem in fuzzy metric space”. This paper also induces comparing of the outcome with existing result in the literature.
Keywords: Fuzzy set, Fuzzy metric space, Cauchy sequence Non- decreasing sequence, Fixed point, Mapping.
Best Approximation in Real Linear 2-Normed SpacesIOSR Journals
This pape r d e l i n e a t e s existence, characterizations and st rong unicity of best uniform
approximations in real linear 2-normed spaces.
AMS Su ject Classification: 41A50, 41A52, 41A99, 41A28.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
This is a first grade report about pandas. The author planned, wrote, selected appropriate photographs, and published his writing independently and with peers.
Fixed Point Results In Fuzzy Menger Space With Common Property (E.A.)IJERA Editor
This paper presents some common fixed point theorems for weakly compatible mappings via an implicit relation in Fuzzy Menger spaces satisfying the common property (E.A)
In the present paper , we introduce and study the concept of gr- Ti- space (for i =0,1,2) and
obtain the characterization of gr –regular space , gr- normal space by using the notion of gr-open
sets. Further, some of their properties and results are discussed.
8 fixed point theorem in complete fuzzy metric space 8 megha shrivastavaBIOLOGICAL FORUM
ABSTRACT: In this paper our works establish a new fixed point theorem for a different type of mapping in complete fuzzy metric space. Here we define a mapping by using some proved results and obtain a result on the actuality of fixed points. We inspired by the concept of Hossein Piri and Poom Kumam [15]. They introduced the fixed point theorem for generalized F-suzuki -contraction mappings in complete b-metric space. Next Robert plebaniak [16] express his idea by result “New generalized fuzzy metric space and fixed point theorem in fuzzy metric space”. This paper also induces comparing of the outcome with existing result in the literature.
Keywords: Fuzzy set, Fuzzy metric space, Cauchy sequence Non- decreasing sequence, Fixed point, Mapping.
Best Approximation in Real Linear 2-Normed SpacesIOSR Journals
This pape r d e l i n e a t e s existence, characterizations and st rong unicity of best uniform
approximations in real linear 2-normed spaces.
AMS Su ject Classification: 41A50, 41A52, 41A99, 41A28.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
This is a first grade report about pandas. The author planned, wrote, selected appropriate photographs, and published his writing independently and with peers.
BornGlobal White Paper on Global Expansioneyalbino
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Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
-contraction and some fixed point results via modified !-distance mappings in t...IJECEIAES
In this Article, we introduce the notion of an -contraction, which is based on modified !-distance mappings, and employ this new definition to prove some fixed point result. Moreover, to highlight the significance of our work, we present an interesting example along with an application. '
FURTHER RESULTS ON ODD HARMONIOUS GRAPHSFransiskeran
In [1] Abdel-Aal has introduced the notions of m-shadow graphs and n-splitting graphs, for all m, n ≥ 1.
In this paper, we prove that, the m-shadow graphs for paths and complete bipartite graphs are odd
harmonious graphs for all m ≥ 1. Also, we prove the n-splitting graphs for paths, stars and symmetric
product between paths and null graphs are odd harmonious graphs for all n≥ 1. In addition, we present
some examples to illustrate the proposed theories. Moreover, we show that some families of graphs admit
odd harmonious libeling.
In [1] Abdel-Aal has introduced the notions of m-shadow graphs and n-splitting graphs, for all m, n ³ 1.
In this paper, we prove that, the m-shadow graphs for paths and complete bipartite graphs are odd
harmonious graphs for allm³ 1. Also, we prove the n-splitting graphs for paths, stars and symmetric
product between paths and null graphs are odd harmonious graphs for all n³ 1. In addition, we present
some examples to illustrate the proposed theories. Moreover, we show that some families of graphs admit
odd harmonious libeling.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
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In this insightful webinar, Inflectra explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming software development and testing. Discover how AI-powered tools are revolutionizing every stage of the software development lifecycle (SDLC), from design and prototyping to testing, deployment, and monitoring.
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Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
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- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
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AI for Every Business: Unlocking Your Product's Universal Potential by VP of ...
Fixed point result in menger space with ea property
1. Mathematical Theory and Modeling www.iiste.org
ISSN 2224-5804 (Paper) ISSN 2225-0522 (Online)
Vol.3, No.6, 2013-Selected from International Conference on Recent Trends in Applied Sciences with Engineering Applications
313
Fixed Point Result in Menger Space with EA Property
Smriti Mehta, A.D.Singh*
and Vanita Ben Dhagat
Department of Mathematics, Truba Institute of Engineering & I.T. Bhopal
*Government M V M College Bhopal
Email: smriti.mehta@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT
This paper’s main objective is to define Menger space (PQM) and the concept of weakly compatible by using the
notion of property (EA) & JSR maps to define new property to prove a common fixed point theorem for 4 self
maps in Menger space (PQM).
Key Words: Fixed Point, Probabilistic Metric Space, Menger space, JSR mappings, property EA
Subject classification: 47H10, 54H25
1. INTRODUCTION
The notion of probabilistic metric space is introduced by Menger in 1942 [10] and the first result about
the existence of a fixed point of a mapping which is defined on a Menger space is obtained by Sehgel and
Barucha-Reid.
A number of fixed point theorems for single valued and multivalued mappings in menger probabilistic
metric space have been considered by many authors [2],[3],[4],[5],[6],[7]. In 1998, Jungck [8] introduced the
concept weakly compatible maps and proved many theorems in metric space. Hybrid fixed point theory for
nonlinear single valued and multivalued maps is a new development in the domain of contraction type
multivalued theory ([4], [7], [11], [12], [13], [14] ).Jungck and Rhoades [8] introduced the weak compatibility to
the setting of single valued and multivalued maps. Singh and Mishra introduced (IT)-commutativity for hybrid
pair of single valued and multivalued maps which need not be weakly compatible. Recently, Aamri and El
Moutawakil [1] defined a property (EA) for self maps which contained the class of noncompatible maps. More
recently, Kamran [9] extended the property (EA) for a hybrid pair of single valued and multivalued maps and
generalized the (IT) commutativity for such pair.
The aim of this paper is to define a new property which contains the property (EA) for hybrid pair
of single valued and multivalued maps and give some common fixed point theorems under hybrid
contractive conditions in probabilistic space.
2. PRELIMINARIES
Now we begin with some definition
Definition 2.1: Let R denote the set of reals and the non-negative reals. A mapping : → is
called a distribution function if it is non decreasing left continuous with
inf ( ) 0 sup ( ) 1
t R t R
F t and F t
∈ ∈
= =
Definition 2.2: A probabilistic metric space is an ordered pair ( , ) where X is a nonempty set, L be
set of all distribution function and : × → . We shall denote the distribution function by ( , ) or , ;
, ∈ and , ( ) will represents the value of ( , ) at ∈ . The function ( , ) is assumed to satisfy
the following conditions:
1. , ( ) = 1 > 0 ! =
2. , (0) = 0 #$# ! , ∈
3. , = , #$# ! , ∈
4. , ( ) = 1 ,'(!) = 1 (ℎ# ,'( + !) = 1 #$# ! , , ∈ .
In metric space ( , ), the metric d induces a mapping : × → such that , ( ) = , =
+ ( – ( , )) for every p, q ∈ X and x ∈ R, where H is the distribution function defined as
+( ) = 2
0, ≤ 0
1, > 0
4
Definition 2.3: A mapping 5: [0, 1] [0, 1] → [0, 1] is called t-norm if
1. 5 ( , 1) = ∀ ∈ [0,1]
2. 5 (0, 0) = 0,
3. 5 ( , 9) = 5 (9, ),
2. Mathematical Theory and Modeling www.iiste.org
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Vol.3, No.6, 2013-Selected from International Conference on Recent Trends in Applied Sciences with Engineering Applications
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4. 5 (:, ) ≥ 5 ( , 9) : ≥ , ≥ 9, and
5. 5 (5 ( , 9), : ) = 5 ( , 5(9, : ))
Example: (i) 5 ( , 9) = 9, (ii) 5 ( , 9) = < ( , 9)
(iii) 5 ( , 9) = < ( + 9 − 1; 0)
Definition 2.4: A Menger space is a triplet ( , , 5) where ( , )a PM-space and ∆ is is a t-norm with
the following condition
>,?( + !) ≥ ∆( >,A( ), A,?(!)
The above inequality is called Menger’s triangle inequality.
EXAMPLE: Let = , 5 ( , 9) = < ( , 9) , 9 ∈ (0,1) and
>,A( ) = 2
+( ) B ≠ $
1 B = $
4
where +( ) = D
0 ≤ 0
0 ≤ ≤ 1
1 ≥ 1
4
Then ( , , 5 ) is a Menger space.
Definition 2.5: Let ( , , ∆) be a Menger space. If B ∈ , E > 0, F ∈ (0, 1), then an (E, F)
neighbourhood of u, denoted by G> (E, F) is defined as
G>(E, F) = H$ ∈ ; >,A(E) > 1 − FI.
If ( , , 5) be a Menger space with the continuous t-norm t, then the familyG>(E, F); B ∈ ; E > 0, F ∈
(0,1) of neighbourhood induces a hausdorff topology on X and if JB KLM 5( , ) = 1, it is metrizable.
Definition 2.6: A sequence N OP in ( , , ∆) is said to be convergent to a point ∈ if for every
E > 0 and λ > 0, there exists an integer Q = Q(E, F) such that O ∈ G (E, F) for all ≥ Q or equivalently
RS,R(T) > 1 − F for all ≥ Q.
Definition 2.7: A sequence N OP in ( , , ∆) is said to be Cauchy sequence if for every E >
0 and F > 0, there exists an integer Q = Q(E, F) such that S, U
(T) > 1 − F for all , < ≥ Q.
Definition 2.8: A Menger space ( , , 5) with the continuous t-norm ∆ is said to be complete if every
Cauchy sequence in X converges to a point in X.
Lemma 2.9 [14]: Let N OP be a sequence in Menger space ( , , 5) where ∆ is continuous and
∆( , ) ≥ for all ∈ [0, 1]. If there exists a constant V ∈ (0, 1) such that > 0 and ∈ Q S, SWX
(V ) ≥
SYX, S
( ), then N OP is a Cauchy sequence.
Definition 2.10: Let J: → Z ∶ → ]( ) be mappings in Menger space (X, F, ∆) then,
(1) s is said to be T weakly commuting at ∈ JJ ∈ ZJ .
(2) s and T are weakly compatible if they commute at their coincidence points,
i.e. if JZ = ZJ ^ℎ# #$# J ∈ Z .
(3) s and T are (IT) commuting at ∈ JZ ⊂ ZJ ^ℎ# #$# J ∈ Z .
Definition 2.11: Let (X, F, ∆) be a Menger space. Maps , `: → are said to satisfy the property (EA)
if there exists a sequence N OP in x such that
limO →∞ O = limO →∞ ` O = d ∈ .
Definition 2.12: -Maps : → Z ∶ → ]( ) are said to satisfy the property (EA) if there exists
a sequence N OP in X, some z in X and A in CB(X) such that
limO →∞ O = d ∈ e = limO →∞ Z O.
Definition 2.13: Let , `, f, g: → be mappings in Menger space. The pair (f, S) and (g, G) are said
to satisfy the common property (EA) if there exist two sequences N OP, N!OP in X and some z in X such that
limO →∞ g!O = limO →∞ f O = lim
O →∞
O = limO →∞ `!O = d .
Definition 2.14: Let , `: → f, g ∶ → ]( ) be mappings on Menger space. The maps
pair (f, S) and (g, G) are said to satisfy the common property (EA) if there exist two sequences N OP, N!OP in X
and some z in X, and A, B in CB(X) such that
lim
O →∞
f O = e lim
O →∞
g!O = ], lim
O →∞
O = lim
O →∞
`!O = d ∈ e ∩ ].
Definition 2.15:- Let (X, F, ∆) be a Menger space. Let f and g be two self maps of a Menger space. The
3. Mathematical Theory and Modeling www.iiste.org
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Vol.3, No.6, 2013-Selected from International Conference on Recent Trends in Applied Sciences with Engineering Applications
315
pair {f, g} is said to be f-JSR mappings iff
i ( ` O, ` O; ) ≥ i ( O, O; )
where µ = lim Sup or lim inf and N OP is a sequence in X such that
lim
O →∞
O = lim
O →∞
` O = d J <# d ∈ ∆( , ) > .
Example Let X = [0, 1] with and f, g are two self mapping on X defined by
Now the sequence in X is defined as then we
have
Clearly we have .
Thus pair {f, g} is f-JSR mapping. But this pair is neither compatible nor weakly compatible or other
non commuting mapping S. Hence pair of JSR mapping is more general then others.
Let : → self map of a Menger space (X, F, ∆) and f: → ]( ) be multivalued map. The pair
{f, S} is said to be hybrid S-JSR mappings for all ∆ (p, p) > p if and only if
i (f O, O; ) ≥ i (ff O, f O; )
where µ = lim Sup or lim inf and N OP is a sequence in X such that
lim
O →∞
O = d ∈ e = lim
O →∞
f O.
Let j: → be continuous and satisfying the conditions
(i) j is nonincreasing on R,
(ii) j(() > (, for each ( ∈ (0, ∞).
3. MAIN RESULTS
Theorem 3.1: Let ( , , 5) be a Menger space. Let , `: → f, g ∶ → ]( ) such that
(3.1.1) ( , f) (`, g) satisfy the common property (EA),
(3.1.2) ( ) `( ) are closed,
(3.1.3) Pair ( , f) is f − kf maps and pair (`, g) is g − kf maps,
(3.1.4) lR,mn(V ) ≥ j[minH pR,qn ( ), pR,lR( ), qn,mn ( ), pR,mn ( ), lR,qn( )I]
Then f, g, S and G have a common fixed point in X.
Proof: By (3.1.1) there exist two sequences N OP N!OP in X and B ∈ , A, B in CB(X) such that
lim
O →∞
f O = e lim
O →∞
g!O = ],
lim
O →∞
O = lim
O →∞
`!O = B ∈ e ∩ ].
Since ( ) and `( ) are closed, we have B = $ B = ` for some $, ∈ .
Now by (3.1.4) we get
lRS,m'(V ) ≥ j rmin s
pRS,q' ( ), pRS,lRS
( ),
q',m' ( ), pRS,m' ( ), lRS,q'( )
tu
On taking limit → ∞, we obtain
v,m'(V ) ≥ jwminH pA,q' ( ), pA,v( ), q',m' ( ), pA,m' ( ), v,q'( )Ix
≥ j q',m'( )
> q',m' ( )
Since ` = $ ∈ e and q',m' ( ) ≥ v,m' ( ) > q',m' ( ).
Hence ` ∈ g
4. Mathematical Theory and Modeling www.iiste.org
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Vol.3, No.6, 2013-Selected from International Conference on Recent Trends in Applied Sciences with Engineering Applications
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Similarly
lA,mnS
(V ) ≥ j[minH pA,qnS
( ), pA,lA( ), qnS,mnS
( ), pA,mnS
( ), lA,qnS
( )I]
lA,y(V ) ≥ j[minH pA,q' ( ), pA,lA( ), q',y ( ), pA,y ( ), lA,q'( )I]
≥ j pA,lA( )
> pA,lA( )
Since $ = ` ∈ ] and pA,lA( ) ≥ y,lA( ) > pA,lA( ),
We get $ ∈ f$.
Now as pair (f, S) is an S-JSR map therefore ∈ f
and similarly as pair (g, G) is G-JSR maps therefore `B ∈ g
pRS,q> ( ) ≥ lRS,m>(V )
≥ j[minH pRS,q> ( ), pRS,lRS
( ), q>,m> ( ), pRS,m> ( ), lRS,q>( )I]
On taking limit → ∞,we obtain
>,q>( ) ≥ jwminH >,q> ( ), >,v( ), q>,m> ( ), >,m> ( ), v,q>( )Ix
≥ j rmin s
>,q> ( ), >,v( ), q>,m> ( ),
>,m> ( ), v,>( /2), >,q> ( /2)
tu
By triangular inequality and as B ∈ e ∩ ], we obtain
>,q>( ) ≥ >,q>( )
⟹ `B = B.
Again
p>,qRS
( ) ≥ l>,mRS
(V )
≥ j[minH p>,qRS
( ), p>,l>( ), qRS,mRS
( ), p>,mRS
( ), l>,qRS
( )I]
On taking limit → ∞,we obtain
p>,>( ) ≥ jwminH p>,> ( ), p>,l>( ), >,m> ( ), p>,y ( ), l>,>( )Ix
≥ j rmin s
p>,> ( ), p>,l>( ), >,m> ( ),
p>,> ( /2), >,y ( /2), l>,>( )
tu
By triangular inequality and as B ∈ e ∩ ], we obtain
p>,> ( ) ≥ p>,> ( )
⟹ B = B.
Hence B = B ∈ fB B = `B ∈ fB.
Example: Let X = [1,∞) with usual metric. Define f: → J f =
| R
}
and Z: ]( ) → J Z =
[1,2 + ]. Consider the sequence N OP = ~3 +
M
O
•. Then all conditions are satisfies of the theorem and hence 3 is
the common fixed point.
Theorem 3.2: Let ( , , 5) be a Menger space. Let , `: → f€, g• ∶ → ]( ) such that
(3.2.1) ( , f€) (`, g•) satisfy the common property (EA),
(3.2.2) ( ) `( ) are closed,
(3.2.3) Pair ( , f€) is f€ − kf maps and pair (`, g•) is g• − kf maps,
(3.2.4) l‚R,mƒn(V ) ≥ j[min ~ pR,qn ( ), pR,l‚R( ), qn,mƒn ( ), pR,mƒn ( ), l‚R,qn( )•]
5. Mathematical Theory and Modeling www.iiste.org
ISSN 2224-5804 (Paper) ISSN 2225-0522 (Online)
Vol.3, No.6, 2013-Selected from International Conference on Recent Trends in Applied Sciences with Engineering Applications
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Then , `, f€ g• have a common fixed point in X.
Proof: Same as theorem 3.1 for each sequence f€ g•.
4. REFERENCES
[1] Amri M. and Moutawakil, Some new common fixed point theorems under strict contractive conditions, J.
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