Population health is a burgeoning field that holds great potential for revolutionizing the way that healthcare is carried out. But before this potential can be realized, there are some hurdles that need be overcome.
Mark Behl Presents: New York Presbyterian Placing Emphasis on Patient-Centric...Mark Behl
Mark Behl shares how New York Presbyterian is placing emphasis on patient-centric atmosphere. This is important to Mark as he is an advocate of finding ways to change patient and people's experience in healthcare.
The perfect health system - Dr Mark BritnellNuffield Trust
At the first keynote for the Nuffield Trust Health Policy Summit 2016, Mark Britnell gives an overview of key characteristics of effective health systems.
AMA & MGMA Practice Innovation Challenge Winnershealth2dev
This slide provides descriptions for the 5 winners of the AMA & MGMA Practice Innovation Challenge. The winners were announced at the MGMA 2015 Annual Conference. Winners will work work with the AMA to develop their proposal into a module for the AMA Steps Forward Website.
Building the Health Workforce as We Transform the Delivery System, presented by Mary D. Naylor, PhD, RN, Marian S. Ware Professor in Gerontology, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing
Description of the quality system programme in a group of practices in Catalonia. Key words: quality, EFQM, indicators. Language: English. Please look for my article published in Quality in Primary Care
Mark Behl Presents: New York Presbyterian Placing Emphasis on Patient-Centric...Mark Behl
Mark Behl shares how New York Presbyterian is placing emphasis on patient-centric atmosphere. This is important to Mark as he is an advocate of finding ways to change patient and people's experience in healthcare.
The perfect health system - Dr Mark BritnellNuffield Trust
At the first keynote for the Nuffield Trust Health Policy Summit 2016, Mark Britnell gives an overview of key characteristics of effective health systems.
AMA & MGMA Practice Innovation Challenge Winnershealth2dev
This slide provides descriptions for the 5 winners of the AMA & MGMA Practice Innovation Challenge. The winners were announced at the MGMA 2015 Annual Conference. Winners will work work with the AMA to develop their proposal into a module for the AMA Steps Forward Website.
Building the Health Workforce as We Transform the Delivery System, presented by Mary D. Naylor, PhD, RN, Marian S. Ware Professor in Gerontology, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing
Description of the quality system programme in a group of practices in Catalonia. Key words: quality, EFQM, indicators. Language: English. Please look for my article published in Quality in Primary Care
This is the synthesis document of the priorities for health reform voted on by participants in the Mayo Clinic National Symposium on Health Care Reform. Go to http://healthpolicyblog.mayoclinic.org/ for more information.
Patient Experience Measures: Past and FutureBivarus
What is the value of measuring the patient experience? Kevin Schulman, MD shares data on why measuring the patient experience is important in today's changing healthcare environment.
The Open Data era in health and social care, pop up uni, 12.00, 3 september 2015NHS England
Expo is the most significant annual health and social care event in the calendar, uniting more NHS and care leaders, commissioners, clinicians, voluntary sector partners, innovators and media than any other health and care event.
Expo 15 returned to Manchester and was hosted once again by NHS England. Around 5000 people a day from health and care, the voluntary sector, local government, and industry joined together at Manchester Central Convention Centre for two packed days of speakers, workshops, exhibitions and professional development.
This year, Expo was more relevant and engaging than ever before, happening within the first 100 days of the new Government, and almost 12 months after the publication of the NHS Five Year Forward View. It was also a great opportunity to check on and learn from the progress of Greater Manchester as the area prepares to take over a £6 billion devolved health and social care budget, pledging to integrate hospital, community, primary and social care and vastly improve health and well-being.
More information is available online: www.expo.nhs.uk
Candace Imison, Director of Healthcare Systems at the Nuffield Trust, presents on how we need the right workforce to transform the delivery system in healthcare.
Essencial "Adding value to clinical practice" is an initiative which identifies low-value clinical practices and promotes recommendations on how to avoid them.
Community Anticipatory Care Planning Nursing TeamRobert Sanders
Anticipatory Care Planning: Time To Make It Happen - Community Anticipatory Care Planning Nursing Team Fiona Drysdale (ACP Team Lead - NHS Forth Valley)
Implementing and Evaluating the Hospital Guide to Reducing Medicaid ReadmissionsJSI
Reducing readmissions is a growing priority in the pursuit of the Triple Aim. While much attention has been paid to Medicare readmissions, evidence demonstrates that Medicaid agencies are increasingly implementing payment penalties for readmissions, and the recent expansion of Medicaid eligibility under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) has provided millions of adults with new health coverage. Hospitals serving large numbers of Medical patients have a mounting interest in adopting strategies to reduce readmissions that address the distinct needs of this population.
Multidisciplinary Anticipatory Care Planning: Model to Support IntegrationRobert Sanders
Antcipatory Care Planning: Time To Make It Happen - Multidisciplinary Anticipatory Care Planning: Model to Support Integration Kathleen McGuire (Strategic Lead TEC & LTC - NHS Ayrshire & Arran)
Jane Stokes - Big Innovation Conversation: Greater support and resource for P...Innovation Agency
Presentation by Jane Stokes, Physiotheraphy Lead, my mHealth Limited at the Big Innovation Conversation: Greater support and resource for Primary Care webinar on Thursday 15 November.
Drive Better Outcomes with Four Data-Informed Patient Engagement TacticsHealth Catalyst
Increased patient engagement leads to better clinical outcomes, but organizations still struggle to engage patients and their families in their care. To start, patients have different levels of interest in their care and competency regarding healthcare, which adds to the challenge of treating each patient like a member of the care team.
However difficult these patient engagement roadblocks are, organizations can use data to overcome them. Access to data allows healthcare leaders and providers to identify opportunities to optimize patient engagement. By implementing four data-informed tactics, systems can increase patient engagement and improve health outcomes:
1. Implement shared decision-making interventions.
2. Advance health equity.
3. Prioritize patient feedback.
4. Provide patient-centered education.
This is the synthesis document of the priorities for health reform voted on by participants in the Mayo Clinic National Symposium on Health Care Reform. Go to http://healthpolicyblog.mayoclinic.org/ for more information.
Patient Experience Measures: Past and FutureBivarus
What is the value of measuring the patient experience? Kevin Schulman, MD shares data on why measuring the patient experience is important in today's changing healthcare environment.
The Open Data era in health and social care, pop up uni, 12.00, 3 september 2015NHS England
Expo is the most significant annual health and social care event in the calendar, uniting more NHS and care leaders, commissioners, clinicians, voluntary sector partners, innovators and media than any other health and care event.
Expo 15 returned to Manchester and was hosted once again by NHS England. Around 5000 people a day from health and care, the voluntary sector, local government, and industry joined together at Manchester Central Convention Centre for two packed days of speakers, workshops, exhibitions and professional development.
This year, Expo was more relevant and engaging than ever before, happening within the first 100 days of the new Government, and almost 12 months after the publication of the NHS Five Year Forward View. It was also a great opportunity to check on and learn from the progress of Greater Manchester as the area prepares to take over a £6 billion devolved health and social care budget, pledging to integrate hospital, community, primary and social care and vastly improve health and well-being.
More information is available online: www.expo.nhs.uk
Candace Imison, Director of Healthcare Systems at the Nuffield Trust, presents on how we need the right workforce to transform the delivery system in healthcare.
Essencial "Adding value to clinical practice" is an initiative which identifies low-value clinical practices and promotes recommendations on how to avoid them.
Community Anticipatory Care Planning Nursing TeamRobert Sanders
Anticipatory Care Planning: Time To Make It Happen - Community Anticipatory Care Planning Nursing Team Fiona Drysdale (ACP Team Lead - NHS Forth Valley)
Implementing and Evaluating the Hospital Guide to Reducing Medicaid ReadmissionsJSI
Reducing readmissions is a growing priority in the pursuit of the Triple Aim. While much attention has been paid to Medicare readmissions, evidence demonstrates that Medicaid agencies are increasingly implementing payment penalties for readmissions, and the recent expansion of Medicaid eligibility under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) has provided millions of adults with new health coverage. Hospitals serving large numbers of Medical patients have a mounting interest in adopting strategies to reduce readmissions that address the distinct needs of this population.
Multidisciplinary Anticipatory Care Planning: Model to Support IntegrationRobert Sanders
Antcipatory Care Planning: Time To Make It Happen - Multidisciplinary Anticipatory Care Planning: Model to Support Integration Kathleen McGuire (Strategic Lead TEC & LTC - NHS Ayrshire & Arran)
Jane Stokes - Big Innovation Conversation: Greater support and resource for P...Innovation Agency
Presentation by Jane Stokes, Physiotheraphy Lead, my mHealth Limited at the Big Innovation Conversation: Greater support and resource for Primary Care webinar on Thursday 15 November.
Drive Better Outcomes with Four Data-Informed Patient Engagement TacticsHealth Catalyst
Increased patient engagement leads to better clinical outcomes, but organizations still struggle to engage patients and their families in their care. To start, patients have different levels of interest in their care and competency regarding healthcare, which adds to the challenge of treating each patient like a member of the care team.
However difficult these patient engagement roadblocks are, organizations can use data to overcome them. Access to data allows healthcare leaders and providers to identify opportunities to optimize patient engagement. By implementing four data-informed tactics, systems can increase patient engagement and improve health outcomes:
1. Implement shared decision-making interventions.
2. Advance health equity.
3. Prioritize patient feedback.
4. Provide patient-centered education.
Five Data-driven Patient Empowerment StrategiesHealth Catalyst
Data plays a big role toward empowering patients to become more involved in their care. With data, digital tools, and education, patient empowerment can act like a blockbuster drug to produce exceptional outcomes.
Data empowers patients five ways:
Promotes patient engagement.
Produces patient-centered outcomes.
Helps patients practice self-care.
Improves communication with clinicians.
Leads to faster healing and independence.
Clinicians using creative, innovative care strategies, and patients with access to the right tools and technology, can produce remarkable results in terms of cost, health outcomes, and experience.
In July 2018, NITI Aayog published a Strategy and Approach document on the National Health Stack. The document underscored the need for Universal Health Coverage (UHC) and laid down the technology framework for implementing the Ayushman Bharat programme which is meant to provide UHC to the bottom 500 million of the country. While the Health Stack provides a technological backbone for delivering affordable healthcare to all Indians, we, at iSPIRT, believe that it has the potential to go beyond that and to completely transform the healthcare ecosystem in the country. We are indeed headed for a health leapfrog in India! Over the last few months, we have worked extensively to understand the current challenges in the industry as well as the role and design of individual components of the Health Stack. In this post, we elaborate on the leapfrog that will be enabled by blending this technology with care delivery.
Navigating Healthcare's Seas: Unraveling the Power of Data Mining in HealthcareThe Lifesciences Magazine
Here are 5 Applications of Data Mining in Healthcare: 1. Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS) 2. Disease Surveillance and Outbreak Prediction 3. Fraud Detection and Prevention 4. Personalized Medicine 5. Predictive Analytics for Patient Outcomes
The Future of Personalizing Care Management & the Patient ExperienceRaphael Louis Vitón
Actionable segmentation model findings - by Raphael Louis Vitón & Dream team of industry experts, physicians and leaders from Blue Cross, GEHealthCare, RingLeaderVentures, Maddock Douglas, Dr.Daniel Friedland, etc working on improving health outcomes by Personalizing the Care Management business model for Better Outcomes & Better Economics (through patient empowerment)
Running Head: PHYSICIAN
PHYSICIAN 7
Health Care Provider: Physician
Marcia Harrison
Strayer University
Professor Hwangi Lu
July 28, 2019
Physician
Introduction
A healthcare system should be well organized and should consist of trained personnel who mainly work with a company or an organization. Physicians, nurses, doctors, pharmacists are some of the examples of health care providers. This is a system that provides professional services to patients that are in high need of treatment as inpatients who are treated generally as outpatients. I decided to select physicians as health care providers and also as medical practitioners since they are always in demand in the medical field, day after another. This is a professional medical practitioner or by simple terms, a doctor who has completed highly advanced training in providing a range of mostly non-surgical health care to patients. A physician should have adverse knowledge in a medical specialty. The main concern is to maintain, restore, and promote health via the study, treatment, and diagnosis of a disease of patients to ensure their wellbeing.
Direct Impact of a Physician
Most companies direct the efforts of their marketing towards physicians to the consumers who are their patients; the shots are put in the physicians through the sale of drugs and also by advertising in most of the medical journals. Most of the largest chunk is put in place towards the detailing of marketing expenditure through advertisement. Some direct adverse impacts towards physicians are the misleading claims, indications that are unapproved and also overstated clinical issues. It has led to patients heading to physicians on a matter regarding well preventive healthcare (Machanda, 2005) since most drug adverts have left patients having an excellent aid of discussions with their physicians regarding treatment through which only safe drugs are allowed.
Physicians and their patients have put into caution through dealing with advertisement of drugs as they use forums which are web-based for their advertisements as they have a literature of promotion on their background which makes them be excluded in the blacklist by companies and by the agency of the regulatory. The detailing through rifeness over the drugs life has been adopted as an explanation of better effectiveness and efficiency of physician firms and improvement of patient’s health. As an industry, it plays a vital role in the economy of the world and also promoting the welfare of the consumers who are the citizens of the nation towards the healthcare industry.
Strategy for a Physician
Data integrity is a critical strategy that physicians ought to adopt for the statistical review and pattern utilization as a technological step in the medical field, this will help in recoding the patients ...
Dr. Edward Wagner, Director (Emeritus) MacColl Center, Senior Investigator, Group Health Research Institute addresses the 2014 Weitzman Symposium on The Future of Primary Care
Effective Patient Stratification: Four Solutions to Common HurdlesHealth Catalyst
Accurate patient stratification, the first step of any effective population health strategy, identifies patients who will benefit most from a population health intervention. Successful patient stratification is critical when laying the foundation for any population health initiative, yet many health systems struggle with this step.
Care teams can apply four solutions to overcome common patient stratification hurdles, target the most impactable patients, and carry out population health initiatives:
Consider both the physical and the mental.
Prove and measure return on investment.
Complete data sets.
Transparent, customizable technology.
Lexington Health Practice 'The future of Market Access' Interactive PamphletEmily Stevenson
Lexington Health Practice recently held a breakfast event to discuss the future for market access in England. The breakfast, the first in a series, examined the Health Technology Appraisal (HTA) environment and facilitated a discussion amongst individuals who work closely with and amongst the pharmaceutical industry, examining how the mechanisms in place can be improved to ensure equitable access to medicines.
Similar to Mark Behl Presents: Five Hurdles in Population Health (20)
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TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
7. Many health networks have applied
evidence-based pathways, protocols and
decision trees outlining how they want
patients treated by doctors and nurses.
10. Poor adherence continues and it leads to
massive over-utilization of the system
due in part to a number of different
technologies coming to market.
11. Patients and health insurance companies
are changing the way people pay for
health insurance.
13. The practice of population health involves
providers taking a look at data analytics to find
patient populations that consume large portions
of cost care and identify ways to bring and
change to those population subsets.
14. However, because it’s still an emerging
practice, the data is not quite there yet to be
scrubbed.
16. Sometimes when you’re trying to solve or find a
problem, data can help. The problem is that
when you have too much data to analyze, it
becomes hard to figure out where to start.
17. Everyday, patients are constantly generating
new data and it’s hard to account for every
piece of data.
19. Providers need to better figure out how to
incorporate their patients, whether that’s as
simple as taking medications regularly or...
20. ...actually changing long-standing lifestyle
habits, to drive adherence because it’s the
key to better outcomes, reducing
overutilization and ultimately slashing costs.