The document summarizes carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects in North Dakota that have received regulatory permits. It describes the adaptive management approach used to balance technical and financial risks during project development. It provides timelines and details of CCS projects like Red Trail Energy's ethanol plant capturing 3 million tons of CO2 and injecting it into the Broom Creek formation. It also outlines North Dakota's regulatory framework and incentives to support CCS deployment like the 45Q tax credit and how projects integrate different incentive programs and regulatory requirements.