The document discusses Finland's education system and lessons that could be learned. It provides an overview of key aspects of Finland's education including: basic education being compulsory and free from ages 7-16; upper secondary education where half choose vocational studies; teaching being a respected profession requiring a degree with only top applicants accepted; early childhood education emphasizing play; and a non-competitive system with local control and equality. The document suggests Finland's long-term consistent vision and culture of trust with no testing could provide lessons for other nations.
The document provides an overview of using Elluminate for an online meeting. It instructs users to test their audio by using the audio setup wizard to check speakers and microphones. It recommends selecting the wide layout view for optimal display. Users are told to send a chat message if they encounter any problems.
- Around 90-95% of exported shea is used in cocoa butter equivalents (CBEs), which are blended with palm oil and used to replace or improve cocoa butter in chocolate.
- Demand for CBEs depends on chocolate demand trends, legislation defining chocolate, consumer preferences, and price. Chocolate demand is growing around 2% annually, led by emerging markets in Asia, South America, and Eastern Europe.
- Cocoa production is vulnerable due to aging trees, disease, and low yields. The key producers of Côte d'Ivoire and Ghana have increased production but yields remain low. Future output relies on increasing yields through new hybrid varieties.
1 armstrong presentation on price and tariff setting v2Oliver O'Connor
Presentation at a forum I organised on Money Follows the Patient hospital payment systems 4 September 2012
John Armstrong is actuary with Aviva in Ireland
Towards an EU-Strategy on Mental Health. Jurgen Scheftlein. Presentation of the Strategy in Mental Health National Health System (Madrid, Ministry of Health and Consumer Affairs, 2007)
Richard Hillis- Resources & Energy Symposium 2012Symposium
1. The Deep Exploration Technologies CRC was presented as addressing the need for innovation and industry-driven research in mineral exploration through more cost-effective, safer and environmentally friendly drilling methods.
2. The DET CRC involves around 100 researchers across 8 organizations working on research projects in drilling technologies, downhole sensing, seismic exploration and a drilling research and training facility.
3. Early progress includes projects developing next generation drilling, rock fragmentation fundamentals, drilling optimization, downhole rock characterization, data integration, and seismic exploration for hard rock environments.
This document discusses whether wage reductions in Ireland would stimulate employment. It argues that wage reductions alone would not significantly impact competitiveness or output as wages only make up a small portion of costs. Instead, it claims that changing the cost of capital through increased investment is needed to impact effective demand and stimulate the economy. The document suggests the government could support this by breaking EU state aid rules and directly investing or supporting local entrepreneurs to lower user costs and encourage investment.
1. The document discusses the impact of the financial crisis in EU countries on health systems and health spending. It provides data showing total health expenditure as a percentage of GDP across EU countries from 1975 to 2010.
2. It then summarizes the response of health systems which included cuts to health budgets in most countries, increases in cost-sharing and private funding, and prioritizing services for vulnerable groups. Some countries protected health budgets.
3. The conclusion is that short-term cost containment does not equal efficiency, and sustainability requires investments to improve performance through measures like healthcare reform, pharmaceutical policies, and evidence-based medicine.
The document discusses recent trends and the current context for renewables. It notes that growth in wind and solar continued in 2011 despite economic uncertainty. However, total electricity demand in 2011 was still below 2007 levels in OECD countries. The current context presents both opportunities and challenges for renewables due to issues like uncertain economic recovery, geopolitical instability, and high oil prices. The impacts of this situation on renewables development depend on the robustness of supportive policy frameworks in each country.
The document provides an overview of using Elluminate for an online meeting. It instructs users to test their audio by using the audio setup wizard to check speakers and microphones. It recommends selecting the wide layout view for optimal display. Users are told to send a chat message if they encounter any problems.
- Around 90-95% of exported shea is used in cocoa butter equivalents (CBEs), which are blended with palm oil and used to replace or improve cocoa butter in chocolate.
- Demand for CBEs depends on chocolate demand trends, legislation defining chocolate, consumer preferences, and price. Chocolate demand is growing around 2% annually, led by emerging markets in Asia, South America, and Eastern Europe.
- Cocoa production is vulnerable due to aging trees, disease, and low yields. The key producers of Côte d'Ivoire and Ghana have increased production but yields remain low. Future output relies on increasing yields through new hybrid varieties.
1 armstrong presentation on price and tariff setting v2Oliver O'Connor
Presentation at a forum I organised on Money Follows the Patient hospital payment systems 4 September 2012
John Armstrong is actuary with Aviva in Ireland
Towards an EU-Strategy on Mental Health. Jurgen Scheftlein. Presentation of the Strategy in Mental Health National Health System (Madrid, Ministry of Health and Consumer Affairs, 2007)
Richard Hillis- Resources & Energy Symposium 2012Symposium
1. The Deep Exploration Technologies CRC was presented as addressing the need for innovation and industry-driven research in mineral exploration through more cost-effective, safer and environmentally friendly drilling methods.
2. The DET CRC involves around 100 researchers across 8 organizations working on research projects in drilling technologies, downhole sensing, seismic exploration and a drilling research and training facility.
3. Early progress includes projects developing next generation drilling, rock fragmentation fundamentals, drilling optimization, downhole rock characterization, data integration, and seismic exploration for hard rock environments.
This document discusses whether wage reductions in Ireland would stimulate employment. It argues that wage reductions alone would not significantly impact competitiveness or output as wages only make up a small portion of costs. Instead, it claims that changing the cost of capital through increased investment is needed to impact effective demand and stimulate the economy. The document suggests the government could support this by breaking EU state aid rules and directly investing or supporting local entrepreneurs to lower user costs and encourage investment.
1. The document discusses the impact of the financial crisis in EU countries on health systems and health spending. It provides data showing total health expenditure as a percentage of GDP across EU countries from 1975 to 2010.
2. It then summarizes the response of health systems which included cuts to health budgets in most countries, increases in cost-sharing and private funding, and prioritizing services for vulnerable groups. Some countries protected health budgets.
3. The conclusion is that short-term cost containment does not equal efficiency, and sustainability requires investments to improve performance through measures like healthcare reform, pharmaceutical policies, and evidence-based medicine.
The document discusses recent trends and the current context for renewables. It notes that growth in wind and solar continued in 2011 despite economic uncertainty. However, total electricity demand in 2011 was still below 2007 levels in OECD countries. The current context presents both opportunities and challenges for renewables due to issues like uncertain economic recovery, geopolitical instability, and high oil prices. The impacts of this situation on renewables development depend on the robustness of supportive policy frameworks in each country.
Damian Scragg, Evidon - Making Privacy Sexy TagMan
Evidon is a company that provides tools to help consumers and businesses understand and control how data is collected online. It empowers users to see what data is being collected through tracking technologies and opt-in or opt-out of data collection. Evidon also helps businesses audit their websites to understand what trackers are present, comply with privacy regulations, and deploy solutions to gain user consent for data collection. The presentation discusses upcoming EU privacy laws and provides recommendations for how companies can take action to protect user privacy and consent.
Presentación de Ernesto Cordero Arroyo en la Conferencia "México Mañana 2012: Ideas para el Futuro" organizada por la asociación de estudiantes UChicago en Chicago, Illinois, EEUU.
MTG is a leading Nordic and Central and Eastern European media group with a balanced revenue mix from free-to-air television, pay-TV, and advertising. It operates 29 free TV channels across 11 countries and 38 pay TV channels in 34 countries. MTG has a strong position in the Scandinavian free TV market through its channels in Sweden, Norway, and Denmark, where it is the number 2 or 3 player. It sees an opportunity to break the monopoly of the incumbent players in these markets by adopting a "media house" model with complementary channel profiles to attract broader audiences.
This document discusses government debt and fiscal deficits in Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries compared to other parts of Europe and the US. The key points are:
1) Public debt levels in CEE countries are generally lower than the Eurozone average, with most below 60% of GDP except for Hungary which is below the average at 77% of GDP.
2) Foreign ownership of government bonds is relatively low in CEE countries, around a quarter of debt on average compared to two thirds in Greece.
3) While budget consolidation is important, growth rates in the CEE region are above developed markets so deficits differ, with lower deficits where growth is higher.
The document summarizes the outlook for biomass electricity in the UK. It notes that biomass electricity is expected to play a significant role in meeting the UK's 2020 renewable energy targets, contributing around 60% of the total renewable target. However, several regulatory, fuel supply, and sustainability issues pose risks for biomass electricity projects. Key opportunities include enhanced co-firing at coal plants and conversions to biomass, which could deliver large volumes of biomass electricity quickly if these risks are addressed.
This document discusses challenges and opportunities for enhancing collaboration between US and EU researchers. It finds that Europe remains a top collaborator for US science, though China is rising. Personal networks and mobility are important factors. While many bilateral science agreements exist between the US and EU countries, differences in funding policies and lack of support present challenges. Increased understanding and awareness could help researchers better navigate opportunities for collaboration.
World construction spending grew just 0.5% in 2011 to $4.6 trillion and remains below 2007 levels. China was the largest construction market and is expected to see the fastest growth in 2012 at 9%, led by infrastructure spending. Western Europe contracted 3% due to sovereign debt crises, with continued declines expected through 2015 in Southern European countries. Developing markets in Asia, Latin America, and parts of Eastern Europe are expected to see stronger growth than developed markets through 2015 as the global construction industry shifts focus away from Western Europe and toward Asia and emerging economies.
Marco Cangiano, Assistant Director, Head of the Public Financial Management Division
International Monetary Fund - IFAC Sovereign Debt Seminar Presentation
Debt Management, Country Categorizations and Government-Financial Market Relations: Presentation for UNC Center for European Studies Fall Lecture Series 2012, Beyond the Euro Crisis
Insights from Nordic results in IALS and ALLEduSkills OECD
1) Nordic countries have consistently scored among the highest levels in international surveys of adult skills in areas like literacy, numeracy, and problem solving.
2) These countries also have high levels of participation in adult education throughout one's lifespan, helped by public policies that promote adult learning and target barriers to participation.
3) However, inequalities still exist and certain groups, like the least educated, continue to face challenges accessing adult education despite Nordic countries' efforts to promote equity. Overcoming dispositional barriers remains particularly difficult.
This document summarizes trends in paid work after retirement in the EU27 based on a presentation given at an IFA conference in Prague. It finds that over 1 in 10 Europeans aged 65-69 currently does paid work, up from 8.9% in 2005 to 10.8% in 2011. The main drivers for this increase are financial need, interest in continuing to work, and available opportunities. Those most likely to work after retirement tend to be healthy, educated individuals living in urban areas, though participation is growing among other demographic groups as well. Most post-retirement work is part-time, temporary, or involves self-employment, often in agriculture, fishery or other sectors besides public administration.
Marc-Andre Gagnon - Pharmacare in Canada TodayPharmacare 2020
This document summarizes Canada's current situation regarding prescription drug access and costs. It notes that Canada spends $27.2 billion annually on prescription drugs, with costs increasing 10% per year on average since 1985, despite generics and patent expirations. Coverage is uneven across provinces and depends on employment rather than medical need. Private insurance administers most coverage and has higher administrative costs than public plans. The document argues for reforming the system to improve equitable access and contain rising costs through a universal public pharmacare program.
This document discusses the European SMB market and opportunities for unified communications vendors. It notes that SMBs are the backbone of the European economy, accounting for 99.8% of enterprises and employing 67% of the workforce. However, SMBs face constraints like implementing new technology and limited access to finance. This presents opportunities for UC vendors to help SMBs optimize resources and reduce costs with unified communications solutions. The document analyzes SMB market trends and concerns across various European countries. It also examines channels' expectations for sales opportunities in 2010, with contact centers and mobility solutions seen as top areas for growth.
Finland has slightly more teaching hours per year in lower secondary education than Spain and some of the lowest among OECD countries. In primary education, Finland has fewer hours of teaching than Spain. Teachers' salaries in lower secondary education in Spain, adjusted for purchasing power, are higher than in Finland, and maximum salaries in Spain are also higher than in Finland. Finland has more school days per year in primary education than Spain.
Learning for collaboration, trust and intercultural understandingdvndamme
1. Education is positively correlated with measures of social capital like having social support networks and interpersonal trust. Higher levels of education are linked to higher reported levels of these measures.
2. More educated individuals also express higher levels of tolerance towards migrants. Studies found linear relationships between years of schooling and both interpersonal trust and tolerance.
3. Gaining higher levels of educational attainment, such as completing upper secondary education or obtaining a tertiary degree, is associated with incremental increases in interpersonal trust compared to lower levels of educational attainment. Education may foster skills that improve collaboration, trust and intercultural understanding.
This document provides an overview of the European Cluster Conference 2012 held in Vienna. It includes brief biographies of Joseph Alois Schumpeter, an economist, and Lipizzan horses at the Spanish Riding School. The conference objectives were to promote innovation, excellence in clusters, SME internationalization through clusters, and foster new industrial value chains. Graphs show participation levels at the conference from various European and non-European countries. The conference was well organized with over 50 speakers over two days.
This document summarizes a presentation about teacher networks for professional development. It discusses the context of teachers' needs for professional development and the benefits of teacher collaboration. It presents eTwinning as a case study of a teacher network and social media platform, which currently has over 183,000 registered teachers. Social Network Analysis methods are applied to study connections between teachers in eTwinning and how information spreads through the network. The presentation concludes by welcoming attendees to an evening book launch and further sessions on teachers' use of social media in schools and the future of teacher networks in 2025.
The slide is from Dr Geoffrey Nicholson, the inventor of 3M post-it notes. On 20th March, he did the presentation in Nhouse NUS.
It is important to sustain innovation in an organization, and here goes the slides.
En naturkatastrofs resultat styrs av olika faktorer. Vilka är dessa och vilka är utmaningarna med katastrofmedicinska insatser? Om detta och mer berättar Johan von Schreeb från Karolinska Institutet.
Damian Scragg, Evidon - Making Privacy Sexy TagMan
Evidon is a company that provides tools to help consumers and businesses understand and control how data is collected online. It empowers users to see what data is being collected through tracking technologies and opt-in or opt-out of data collection. Evidon also helps businesses audit their websites to understand what trackers are present, comply with privacy regulations, and deploy solutions to gain user consent for data collection. The presentation discusses upcoming EU privacy laws and provides recommendations for how companies can take action to protect user privacy and consent.
Presentación de Ernesto Cordero Arroyo en la Conferencia "México Mañana 2012: Ideas para el Futuro" organizada por la asociación de estudiantes UChicago en Chicago, Illinois, EEUU.
MTG is a leading Nordic and Central and Eastern European media group with a balanced revenue mix from free-to-air television, pay-TV, and advertising. It operates 29 free TV channels across 11 countries and 38 pay TV channels in 34 countries. MTG has a strong position in the Scandinavian free TV market through its channels in Sweden, Norway, and Denmark, where it is the number 2 or 3 player. It sees an opportunity to break the monopoly of the incumbent players in these markets by adopting a "media house" model with complementary channel profiles to attract broader audiences.
This document discusses government debt and fiscal deficits in Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries compared to other parts of Europe and the US. The key points are:
1) Public debt levels in CEE countries are generally lower than the Eurozone average, with most below 60% of GDP except for Hungary which is below the average at 77% of GDP.
2) Foreign ownership of government bonds is relatively low in CEE countries, around a quarter of debt on average compared to two thirds in Greece.
3) While budget consolidation is important, growth rates in the CEE region are above developed markets so deficits differ, with lower deficits where growth is higher.
The document summarizes the outlook for biomass electricity in the UK. It notes that biomass electricity is expected to play a significant role in meeting the UK's 2020 renewable energy targets, contributing around 60% of the total renewable target. However, several regulatory, fuel supply, and sustainability issues pose risks for biomass electricity projects. Key opportunities include enhanced co-firing at coal plants and conversions to biomass, which could deliver large volumes of biomass electricity quickly if these risks are addressed.
This document discusses challenges and opportunities for enhancing collaboration between US and EU researchers. It finds that Europe remains a top collaborator for US science, though China is rising. Personal networks and mobility are important factors. While many bilateral science agreements exist between the US and EU countries, differences in funding policies and lack of support present challenges. Increased understanding and awareness could help researchers better navigate opportunities for collaboration.
World construction spending grew just 0.5% in 2011 to $4.6 trillion and remains below 2007 levels. China was the largest construction market and is expected to see the fastest growth in 2012 at 9%, led by infrastructure spending. Western Europe contracted 3% due to sovereign debt crises, with continued declines expected through 2015 in Southern European countries. Developing markets in Asia, Latin America, and parts of Eastern Europe are expected to see stronger growth than developed markets through 2015 as the global construction industry shifts focus away from Western Europe and toward Asia and emerging economies.
Marco Cangiano, Assistant Director, Head of the Public Financial Management Division
International Monetary Fund - IFAC Sovereign Debt Seminar Presentation
Debt Management, Country Categorizations and Government-Financial Market Relations: Presentation for UNC Center for European Studies Fall Lecture Series 2012, Beyond the Euro Crisis
Insights from Nordic results in IALS and ALLEduSkills OECD
1) Nordic countries have consistently scored among the highest levels in international surveys of adult skills in areas like literacy, numeracy, and problem solving.
2) These countries also have high levels of participation in adult education throughout one's lifespan, helped by public policies that promote adult learning and target barriers to participation.
3) However, inequalities still exist and certain groups, like the least educated, continue to face challenges accessing adult education despite Nordic countries' efforts to promote equity. Overcoming dispositional barriers remains particularly difficult.
This document summarizes trends in paid work after retirement in the EU27 based on a presentation given at an IFA conference in Prague. It finds that over 1 in 10 Europeans aged 65-69 currently does paid work, up from 8.9% in 2005 to 10.8% in 2011. The main drivers for this increase are financial need, interest in continuing to work, and available opportunities. Those most likely to work after retirement tend to be healthy, educated individuals living in urban areas, though participation is growing among other demographic groups as well. Most post-retirement work is part-time, temporary, or involves self-employment, often in agriculture, fishery or other sectors besides public administration.
Marc-Andre Gagnon - Pharmacare in Canada TodayPharmacare 2020
This document summarizes Canada's current situation regarding prescription drug access and costs. It notes that Canada spends $27.2 billion annually on prescription drugs, with costs increasing 10% per year on average since 1985, despite generics and patent expirations. Coverage is uneven across provinces and depends on employment rather than medical need. Private insurance administers most coverage and has higher administrative costs than public plans. The document argues for reforming the system to improve equitable access and contain rising costs through a universal public pharmacare program.
This document discusses the European SMB market and opportunities for unified communications vendors. It notes that SMBs are the backbone of the European economy, accounting for 99.8% of enterprises and employing 67% of the workforce. However, SMBs face constraints like implementing new technology and limited access to finance. This presents opportunities for UC vendors to help SMBs optimize resources and reduce costs with unified communications solutions. The document analyzes SMB market trends and concerns across various European countries. It also examines channels' expectations for sales opportunities in 2010, with contact centers and mobility solutions seen as top areas for growth.
Finland has slightly more teaching hours per year in lower secondary education than Spain and some of the lowest among OECD countries. In primary education, Finland has fewer hours of teaching than Spain. Teachers' salaries in lower secondary education in Spain, adjusted for purchasing power, are higher than in Finland, and maximum salaries in Spain are also higher than in Finland. Finland has more school days per year in primary education than Spain.
Learning for collaboration, trust and intercultural understandingdvndamme
1. Education is positively correlated with measures of social capital like having social support networks and interpersonal trust. Higher levels of education are linked to higher reported levels of these measures.
2. More educated individuals also express higher levels of tolerance towards migrants. Studies found linear relationships between years of schooling and both interpersonal trust and tolerance.
3. Gaining higher levels of educational attainment, such as completing upper secondary education or obtaining a tertiary degree, is associated with incremental increases in interpersonal trust compared to lower levels of educational attainment. Education may foster skills that improve collaboration, trust and intercultural understanding.
This document provides an overview of the European Cluster Conference 2012 held in Vienna. It includes brief biographies of Joseph Alois Schumpeter, an economist, and Lipizzan horses at the Spanish Riding School. The conference objectives were to promote innovation, excellence in clusters, SME internationalization through clusters, and foster new industrial value chains. Graphs show participation levels at the conference from various European and non-European countries. The conference was well organized with over 50 speakers over two days.
This document summarizes a presentation about teacher networks for professional development. It discusses the context of teachers' needs for professional development and the benefits of teacher collaboration. It presents eTwinning as a case study of a teacher network and social media platform, which currently has over 183,000 registered teachers. Social Network Analysis methods are applied to study connections between teachers in eTwinning and how information spreads through the network. The presentation concludes by welcoming attendees to an evening book launch and further sessions on teachers' use of social media in schools and the future of teacher networks in 2025.
The slide is from Dr Geoffrey Nicholson, the inventor of 3M post-it notes. On 20th March, he did the presentation in Nhouse NUS.
It is important to sustain innovation in an organization, and here goes the slides.
En naturkatastrofs resultat styrs av olika faktorer. Vilka är dessa och vilka är utmaningarna med katastrofmedicinska insatser? Om detta och mer berättar Johan von Schreeb från Karolinska Institutet.
This document discusses how to scale web applications to handle unlimited loads during peak periods using cloud infrastructure. It describes using dynamic scaling in the Amazon Cloud, with load testing integrated with Amazon AWS APIs. The service monitors performance using over 200 worldwide locations. Planning involves load testing to understand capacity limits and identify scaling rules. During peaks, the system can queue excess users to a wait page on a separate network to avoid crashes when loads exceed fixed capacities. This ensures applications can handle even the largest unexpected events through unlimited on-demand scaling in the cloud.
info efisiensi pendidikan yad, dan bgmn sinergi antara oecd country dan asia tenggara, perlu di sikapi dan di persiapkan dan di bandingkan antar negara, tapi perlu ke hati2an, krn negara oecd stagnan saat ini dlm bidang ekonomi...
Edelman Trust In Entertainment Industry 2009Edelman
The 2009 Edelman Trust Barometer is the 10th edition of the firm's annual trust and credibility survey. It was launched in partnership with the Financial Times on 27th January 2009 in London.
http://www.edelman.co.uk/trustbarometer
Additional research looking specifically at trust in relation to entertainment, launched on the 7th July 2009, by Edelman, reveals that UK adults aged 18-34 are more trusting in the entertainment industry than those in the US. UK trust in the sector remains stable at 29% compared to last year, whereas the US has seen a sharp decline of 15 points to 17%.
With trust in the entertainment industry linked to an increased willingness to buy a company’s products, the differences between the two countries is further highlighted by consumers’ purchasing habits: 66% of consumers in the UK say they are spending the same or more on digital entertainment compared with last year, versus 56% in the US.
For the fourth year running, the Trust in the Entertainment Industry survey explores attitudes toward entertainment companies in the UK and US. It examines the impact trust has on behaviours such as purchase, recommendation, file downloading and sharing. Trust in the Entertainment Industry 2009 follows Edelman’s tenth Trust Barometer, published in January 2009, which ranks the entertainment industry as the fifth most trusted (50%), following technology, healthcare, food and biotech, among UK opinion formers aged 35-64. In the US, trust in the entertainment industry is ranked 3rd from the bottom (33%), sharing its position with the automotive industry and just topping insurance and media companies.
The document is a Gapminder World Map from 2010 that shows life expectancy and GDP per person for countries around the world. It divides countries into three categories: low-income, middle-income, and high-income based on GDP. High-income countries tend to have the highest life expectancies over 75 years while low-income countries have life expectancies under 60 years. The size of each country represents its population size.
The other face of global mobility aca presentation 14102011dvndamme
The document discusses higher education participation rates of students from migrant communities. It notes that while higher education systems are expanding globally, there remains an untapped pool of talent, as students from disadvantaged backgrounds like those with a migrant background face lower access and success rates. International student mobility is also increasing but higher education could do more to utilize all available human resources and reduce failure and dropout rates that disproportionately impact disadvantaged groups.
This document discusses competitiveness and policy issues in Ireland. It provides background on competitiveness analysis and the government's "Smart Economy" program. It discusses priorities for long-term competitiveness including next-generation networks, eGovernment, and globalization strategy. It also examines concepts of national competitiveness, competition for investment, exports, and tourism. National competitiveness reports and rankings are also reviewed.
Multidisciplinary Research Week 2013 at the University of Southampton. #MDRWeek. World Water Day and International Year of Water Cooperation 2013.
‘Human Capital and Water: Assessing the direct relationship and the impact of urban dimensions’, Presentation by Sylvia Szabo, Social Statistics & Demography, University of Southampton.
See the latest videos, interviews, pictures, tweets and views from the floor at: www.southampton.ac.uk/multidisciplinary
2. Finnish Lessons
Why Finland?
Why Now?
Economic Opportunity Institute’s Excellence in K-12
Education – November 13
Pasi Sahlberg public lecture – November 14
International Network
5. Cornerstones of Finnish Education
Policy
Long-term & consistent
A vision of a knowledge-based society
Responsibility and decision-making at local level
Culture of trust
no national exams
no inspectors
no public ranking of schools
Equality and equity in education
7. Equality and Equity in Finnish
Education
compulsory from the age of 7 to 16
supportive measures
free, no tuition fees
free lunches
free books and other materials
free school health care
free transportation to school
8. Basic Education
Basic education is provided free of
charge comprising all learning
materials and a warm lunch daily.
The school year stretches to 190
working days, starting in mid August
and ending in early June.
The maximum duration of a school
day is five lessons during the first two
years and up to seven lessons from
3rd to 9th year (19 – 30 lessons per
week).
9. Upper Secondary Education
Half of the age group chooses the Upper Secondary
School; the other half continues to vocational studies.
The National Matriculation Examination consists of exams
in the mother tongue, the second national language
(FIN/SWE), foreign languages, mathematics, humanities
and sciences.
Four of the exams have to be passed for the matriculation
certificate, which provides eligibility for universities and
higher vocational education.
12. Poverty Rates Before/After Gov’t Transfers
Figure 2.2 - Child Poverty Rates, Before and After Governmental Transfers
Child Poverty Rate After Taxes and Transfers Child Poverty Rate Based on Market Income
25
22.6
20
18.4
Poverty Rate
15
10
5
0
Denmark
Norway
Sweden
Belgium
Finland
Czech Republic
Switzerland
France
Netherlands
OECD Average
Germany
Australia
Canada
Japan
New Zealand
Portugal
Ireland
UK
Italy
U.S.
Source: Bell, Bernstein, & Greenberg (2008), p. 85.
13. 100
200
300
400
500
600
0
U.S. (<10%)
0-10%
Korea
Finland
U.S. (10-24.9%)
Canada 10-25%
New Zealand
Japan
Australia
Netherlands
Belgium
Norway
U.S. (25-49.9%)
25-50%
Estonia
Switzerland
Poland
Iceland
U.S. (Average)
Average
Sweden
Germany
Ireland
France
Denmark
United Kingdom
Hungary
Portugal
Italy
Slovenia
Greece
Spain
Czech Republic
Slovak Republic
Israel
Luxembourg
U.S. (50-74.9%)
PISA Results by School Poverty Levels, US
50-75%
Austria
Turkey
Chile
U.S. (over 75%)
75%+
Mexico
14. “We have learned so
much about child
development and the
science of teaching and
learning from American
education researchers.”
~ Pasi Sahlberg
Child-Centered
Early Education
16. Early Childhood Education and Care
System (ECEC-system)
Morning and afternoon
activities for schoolchildren
Daycare arranged
by municipality
Private Purchased Pre-school for Parents care for children/
daycare Municipal 6-year-olds arrange daycare
services
Private child Child home
care allowance SUPERVISED PLAY care allowance
Municipal
ACTIVITIES Municipal
supplements supplements
PARENTS CHOOSE
Basic education starts at age 7
17. Staffing
Adult- child ratio in day care centers:
1 to 7 for 3-6 year-olds
1 to 4 for children under 3 years
At least secondary level degree
1 in 3 post secondary level degree
Adult- child ratio in family day care
1 to 4
Appropriate training
21. Staff for 500 Grade 1-6 Students
Principals: 1 head and 1 deputy head
Directorate group
(principals + 4 teachers)
4 teams: every teacher is member of one team.
Meetings every Thursday 8-9
Student welfare team
50 teachers
15 other personnel
22. Curriculum
Sports and natural sciences are emphasized in the
lower stage curriculum
Elective subjects for the 8th and 9th grade (6 elective
lessons weekly in sports, art, home
economics, crafts, German/French
language, music, ict )
Elective lessons 1st, 2nd, 5th and 7th grades in
art, sports, music, etc
Three periods/ year in upper grade
23. Special Assistance for Learning Difficulties
Clinic-type teacher
Extra funds to prevent the marginalization, about
80,000€/year
2-assistant teachers for grades 1-6
2 teacher for special needs students
3 special education teachers
1 school psychologist, 1 curator (3 days/week), 1
health nurse (5 days per week)
24. Finnish Teacher Education
There are five teaching categories in Finland:
Preschool teachers, majoring in educational sciences
Class teachers, majoring in educational sciences
Subject teachers, majoring in various school subjects
Special education teachers, separate degree requirements
Vocational education teachers, separate degree requirements
Entry to teaching is competitive, only 10-15% of the
applicants are accepted on national level.
25. New Finnish Lesson:
Gender Equality
Finnish women were the first in the world to be
able to vote and be elected to Parliament. Public
committees, boards, and councils require set
quotas: at least 40% of each gender!
27. You cannot translate every Finnish Lesson for
improving America’s public educational system. But
you can, like the world’s great cuisines, adapt from
others and meld it with your own recipes.