1. INTRODUCTION TO
ACCOUNTING FROM AN
ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE
GROUP MEMBERS’:
NURUL AIDA BT MOHD SAID 02DAT12F1121
FARIDAH BT KAMALUDIN 02DAT12F1033
NUR RASYIDAH BT ABDUL RAHMAN 02DAT12F1122
HAZWANI BT JUSOH 02DAT12F1083
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2. MEANING OF
ACCOUNTING IN
ISLAMIC
“The process of identifying, measuring, and
communicating economic and other
relevant information inspired by Islamic
Worldview and complied with Syari’ah
Islamiyyah to permit informed
judgements and decisions by potential
and expected users information to
enhance social welfare”
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3. Al-Baqarah 282: “O you who believe! When
you deal with each other, in transactions
involving future obligations in a fixed period of
time, reduce them to writing, let a scribe write
down faithfully as between the parties: let not
the scribe refuse to write: as God has taught
him, so let him write. Let him who incurs the
liability (debtor) dictate, but let him fear his Lord
God, and not diminish aught of what he owes. If
the party liable (debtor) is mentally deficient, or
weak, or unable himself to dictate, let his
guardian dictate faithfully, and get two
witnesses, out of your own men, and if they are
not two men, then a man and two women, so
that if one of them errs, the other can remind
him….”
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4. 1.1 THE TERM AND
DIFINITION IN ISLAMIC
ACCOUNTING
BAI BITHAMAN
AJIL
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5. BAI BITHAMAN AJIL
 A deferred payment basis at a price which includes a
profit margin agreed by both parties and payment is
made in monthly installment.
 It refers to the concept of hire purchase in islamic
Financial Instrument which is allowed under Syariah.
 It seems to be similar to Hire Purchase Contract under
Conventional financial instrument.
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6. AL-IJARAH
 it refers to the sale of a definite usufruct of any asset in
exchange for a definite reward.
 It refers to a contract of land leased at a fixed rent
payable in cash and also to a mode of financing adopted
by Islamic banks.
 Ijarah-wal-iqtina’ means a mode of financing by way
of hire-purcahse adopted by Islamic banks.
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7. HIBAH
 A gift. This refers to a payment made
willingly in return for a benefit received.
 Example:
In savings operated under Wadiah,
banks will normally pay their Wadiah
depositors hibah although the
accountholders only intend to put their
savings in the banks for safe keeping.
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8. MUHARABAH
 A form of partnership where one party
provides the funds while the other
provides expertise and management.
 Mudharabah is not loan to the
entrepreneur.
 It is capital for warded in a partnership
venture.
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9. MURABAHAH
 Literally this means a sale on mutually agreed profit.
 It is a contract of sale in which the seller declares his
cost and the profit.
 Murabaha has been adopted by Islamic banks as a mode
of financing.
 As a financing techique, it can involve a request by the
client to the bank to purchase a certaine item for him.
 The bank does that for a derinite profit over the cost
which I stipulates in advance.
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10. CONCEPT OF ACCOUNTING
WAKAF
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BAITULMAL
ZAKAT

11. BAITULMAL
 Treasury in general definition as property house or store treasury
which manages all financial resource and Islamic community property.
 Primary responsibility is to manage that owned a assets and finance
that owned and entrusted to each State Islamic Religious Council such
as zakat and wakaf.
 Function of baitulmal:
 Increasing Tithes Collection
 Implement zakat distribution systematically
 Develop wakaf land
 Implement perwakafan land.11

12. WAKAF
 An inalienable religious donation in
islamic law, typically denoting a
building or plot of land for muslim
religious or charitable purposes.
 The donated assets are held by a
charitable trust.
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13. ZAKAT
 “that which purifies”, one of the five
pillars of Islam, is the giving of a fixed
portion of one’s weal to charity.
Generally to the poor and needy.
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14. 14

15. TYPE OF ZAKAT
PENDAPATAN
WANG
SIMPANAN
PERNIAGAAN
EMAS DAN
PERAK
SAHAM
MAADIN, KUNUZ DAN
RIKAZ
TANAMAN
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16. 8 BENEFICIARIES OF ZAKAT
DESTITUTE
( FAKIR)
POOR
(MISKIN)
ZAKAT
COLLECTOR
(AMIL)
NEW
CONVERTS
(MUALAF)
FREEING OF
SAVES
BANKRUPTS
IN THE
PATH OF
ALLAH
STRANDED
TRAVELLER
(MUSAFIR)16

17. ZAKAT RATE
 The minimum threshold (nisab) of zakat on savings or
investments is 85 grams of gold / worth.
 The rate of zakat is 2.5%; as for livestock, both the
minimum threshold and the rate depend on the type and
the number of animals
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18. Ways to calculate zakat
Method 1
 2.5 % on the total annual gross income ( if the total
income is more than the nisab rate).
 Example :
 The total annual gross income is RM33,800.00.
 The zakat is RM33,800.00 x 2.5 % = RM845.00
Method 2
 Zakat is paid after deducting all allowable basic
expenses.
Method 3
 Zakat is paid after deducting all the liabilities.
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19. ZAKAT BASE
 The net adjusted amount of zakat assets and liabilities
used for or derived from business activities.
 An entity is advised to refer to the relevant zakat
authorities for further.
 An entity may apply one of the following method by
JAKIM 2011:
 Adjusted working capital method (net asset method)
 Adjusted growth method( net invested funds method)19

20. MEASUREMENT OF ASET
AND LIABILITY FOR ZAKAT
1. Urfiiyah Method ( Capital Growth )
Current capital = Owner’s Equity +
Debt Financial Capital + Profit – Fixed
Asset – Other Non Current Assets.
2.Syar’iiyah Method ( Working capital)
Net Current Asset = Current Asset (full
ownership) – Current Operating Liability
only.20

21. Thank you 
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