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Digital Graphics
0 There are two main types of Digital Graphics
0 Raster
0 Vector
0 Raster Graphics are made up of Bitmaps
0 Vector Graphics are made up of Vectors/Paths
Bitmaps
0 Raster graphics are made up of bitmaps
0 Bitmaps are a graphic made up of pixels.
Each pixel/bit records the colour
information of that section of the image.
0 Bitmapped images have a fixed
resolution (like when we set Photoshop
to 300dpi) which means resizing can
result in distortion
Bitmaps
0 When a camera mentions
megapixels, its relating to how many
million pixels/bits it separates the
picture into.
0 14 Megapixels = 14,000,000 pixels
0 Separates the image into millions of
little squares and records what
colour that part of the image should
be
0 That’s why when you get a picture
off the internet and it goes pixelated
is because its been compressed into
less megapixels
Vectors
0Vector graphics are made up of Vectors (also
known as paths and strokes)
0Vectors/paths are defined by a start and an end
points, with curves, points and angles between
them
0From this information the path can become a
line, a square, a triangle, or a curvy shape.
Vectors
0 Can be scaled big and small as Vectors have no loss in
definition.
0 Perfect for company logos- can be small on business card
or huge on a billboard
Raster Graphics
0 JPEG
0 Joint Photographic Experts
Group
0 Photographs and Web
formats
0 Photographs on Facebook
are saved as JPEG
0 Loses quality with multiple
edits due to compression
and recompression each
time edited
Raster Graphics
0 TIFF
0 Tagged Image File Format
0 Desktop Publishing
(popular with graphic
designers)
0 Adobe InDesign documents
saved as TIFFs can save
multi-page documents to a
single TIFF file
0 TIFF have the option of
Lossless compression;
doesn’t lose any quality
due to compression
Raster Graphics
0 GIF
0 Graphics Interchange Format
0 Used for short digital
animations, often on the
internet
0 A series of images played one
after another in a loop to create
the appearance of a video
Raster Graphics
0 BMP
0 Bitmap image file
0 Similar to TIFF and JPEG
0 No loss in compression
0 Has a large file size
Vector Graphics
0 PSD
0 Photoshop Document
0 Image Manipulation
0 Front cover images for
magazines
0 Saves layers, page formatting
information, swatches etc
0 Supports transparency
Vector Graphics
0 AI
0 Adobe Illustrator Art
0 Logos creation
0 Graphics to represent a
company (logos)
0 Can be scaled big and
small as Vectors have no
loss in definition.
Vector Graphics
0 FLA
0Flash File
0Used to create animation
and games
0Can produce high quality
files with a small file size
0Can include sound and
video
Vector Graphics
0 WMF
0 Windows Metafile
0 Similar to AI files
0 Used for logos
0 Can be scaled big and small as
Vectors have no loss in
definition.
0 Can contain both vector and
bitmap components
Compression
0 Lossy compression is the way in which files sizes
are reduced by reducing the amount of
information that is saved.
0 Images become more pixelated as they are
compressed as they save smaller amounts of
coloured squares each time
Low compression
Medium compression
High compression
Image Capture
0 Graphics can be captured in a variety
of ways
0 Scanner
0You can digitise physical images like
sketches, physical photos or mixed
media products
0 Digital Camera
0Taking pictures
0 Tablet
0A piece of technology that allows you to
control the mouse like a pen, allowing
for enhanced control of
drawing/selection/digital handwriting
Optimising
0 Images that are uploaded to the internet are optimised to ensure
easy viewing on the web.
0 Images that are not optimised normally have a large file size, leading
downloads to take a lot longer.
0 The larger the file size (pixel information) the longer images take to
download.
0 Images should not be more than 500 pixels wide.
0 You can optimise for web my changing “Image Size” in Photoshop.
Optimising
0 Images can be optimised by:
0 Reducing image size
0 Reducing bit depth
0Bit depth refers to the amount of “bits”
used regarding the colour of individual
pixels
0 Reducing resolution
0The amount of pixels within the image
0 Compressing images
8 bits (256 colours)
4 bits (16 colours)
2 bits (4 colours)
Task
0 You need to;
0 Complete the Digital Graphics Pro-Forma
0 Research each file format listed and describe in detail the
features of the format
0 Name
0 What the name stands for
0 What the format is used for
0 The advantages of using the format
0 The disadvantages of using the format
0 Link what you are discussing to specific industry examples
(where are JPEGs used in the media? etc)
0 Include images to help illustrate your examples.
0 Discuss compression, capture, optimising, storage

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File types lecture

  • 1.
  • 2. Digital Graphics 0 There are two main types of Digital Graphics 0 Raster 0 Vector 0 Raster Graphics are made up of Bitmaps 0 Vector Graphics are made up of Vectors/Paths
  • 3. Bitmaps 0 Raster graphics are made up of bitmaps 0 Bitmaps are a graphic made up of pixels. Each pixel/bit records the colour information of that section of the image. 0 Bitmapped images have a fixed resolution (like when we set Photoshop to 300dpi) which means resizing can result in distortion
  • 4. Bitmaps 0 When a camera mentions megapixels, its relating to how many million pixels/bits it separates the picture into. 0 14 Megapixels = 14,000,000 pixels 0 Separates the image into millions of little squares and records what colour that part of the image should be 0 That’s why when you get a picture off the internet and it goes pixelated is because its been compressed into less megapixels
  • 5. Vectors 0Vector graphics are made up of Vectors (also known as paths and strokes) 0Vectors/paths are defined by a start and an end points, with curves, points and angles between them 0From this information the path can become a line, a square, a triangle, or a curvy shape.
  • 6. Vectors 0 Can be scaled big and small as Vectors have no loss in definition. 0 Perfect for company logos- can be small on business card or huge on a billboard
  • 7.
  • 8. Raster Graphics 0 JPEG 0 Joint Photographic Experts Group 0 Photographs and Web formats 0 Photographs on Facebook are saved as JPEG 0 Loses quality with multiple edits due to compression and recompression each time edited
  • 9. Raster Graphics 0 TIFF 0 Tagged Image File Format 0 Desktop Publishing (popular with graphic designers) 0 Adobe InDesign documents saved as TIFFs can save multi-page documents to a single TIFF file 0 TIFF have the option of Lossless compression; doesn’t lose any quality due to compression
  • 10. Raster Graphics 0 GIF 0 Graphics Interchange Format 0 Used for short digital animations, often on the internet 0 A series of images played one after another in a loop to create the appearance of a video
  • 11. Raster Graphics 0 BMP 0 Bitmap image file 0 Similar to TIFF and JPEG 0 No loss in compression 0 Has a large file size
  • 12. Vector Graphics 0 PSD 0 Photoshop Document 0 Image Manipulation 0 Front cover images for magazines 0 Saves layers, page formatting information, swatches etc 0 Supports transparency
  • 13. Vector Graphics 0 AI 0 Adobe Illustrator Art 0 Logos creation 0 Graphics to represent a company (logos) 0 Can be scaled big and small as Vectors have no loss in definition.
  • 14. Vector Graphics 0 FLA 0Flash File 0Used to create animation and games 0Can produce high quality files with a small file size 0Can include sound and video
  • 15. Vector Graphics 0 WMF 0 Windows Metafile 0 Similar to AI files 0 Used for logos 0 Can be scaled big and small as Vectors have no loss in definition. 0 Can contain both vector and bitmap components
  • 16. Compression 0 Lossy compression is the way in which files sizes are reduced by reducing the amount of information that is saved. 0 Images become more pixelated as they are compressed as they save smaller amounts of coloured squares each time Low compression Medium compression High compression
  • 17. Image Capture 0 Graphics can be captured in a variety of ways 0 Scanner 0You can digitise physical images like sketches, physical photos or mixed media products 0 Digital Camera 0Taking pictures 0 Tablet 0A piece of technology that allows you to control the mouse like a pen, allowing for enhanced control of drawing/selection/digital handwriting
  • 18. Optimising 0 Images that are uploaded to the internet are optimised to ensure easy viewing on the web. 0 Images that are not optimised normally have a large file size, leading downloads to take a lot longer. 0 The larger the file size (pixel information) the longer images take to download. 0 Images should not be more than 500 pixels wide. 0 You can optimise for web my changing “Image Size” in Photoshop.
  • 19. Optimising 0 Images can be optimised by: 0 Reducing image size 0 Reducing bit depth 0Bit depth refers to the amount of “bits” used regarding the colour of individual pixels 0 Reducing resolution 0The amount of pixels within the image 0 Compressing images 8 bits (256 colours) 4 bits (16 colours) 2 bits (4 colours)
  • 20. Task 0 You need to; 0 Complete the Digital Graphics Pro-Forma 0 Research each file format listed and describe in detail the features of the format 0 Name 0 What the name stands for 0 What the format is used for 0 The advantages of using the format 0 The disadvantages of using the format 0 Link what you are discussing to specific industry examples (where are JPEGs used in the media? etc) 0 Include images to help illustrate your examples. 0 Discuss compression, capture, optimising, storage