This document defines and provides examples of six figures of speech: similes, metaphors, personification, hyperbole, litotes, and metonymy. It explains that similes use "like" or "as" to compare two unlike things, while metaphors make such comparisons without using "like" or "as." Personification gives human traits to non-human things. Hyperbole exaggerates to make a point. Litotes uses understatement by denying the opposite. Metonymy refers to a part to represent the whole or vice versa. Examples are provided for each figure of speech to illustrate their meanings.
a word or expression used not with its original meaning but in an imaginative way to make a special effect is a Figure of Speech.
A figure of speech is a word or phrase using figurative language—language that has other meaning than its normal definition. In other words, figures of speeches rely on implied or suggested meaning, rather than a dictionary definition. A figure of speech is a deviation from the ordinary use of words in order to increase their effectiveness. It is also known as a rhetorical figure too because it produces a rhetorical effect. It deviates a statement from its real meaning or common usage to create a new required effect. It usually emphasises, embellishes, or clarifies language in both written and oral form. We can see its usage in literature too. We can even see it in advertisements, posters, slogans, newspapers, magazines, cartoons, etc.
Figure of speech can easily catch eyes and highlight the purpose of use. It is designed to make a comparison and create a dramatic factor while writing or speaking. Basically, it is a figurative language that may consist of a single word or phrase. It may be a simile, a metaphor or personification to convey the meaning other than the literal meaning. It is usually classified as different schemes. The ordinary sequence or pattern of words is known as a scheme. We usually perform basic four operations as below to create the required effect:
The addition is also known as repetition, expansion, or superabundance.
An omission is also known as subtraction, abridgement or lack.
Transposition is also known as transferring.
Permutation is also known as switching, interchange, substitution, or transmutation.
We can see many varieties in figures of speech because its prime aim is to use language to create the desired effect. For example, the usage of expressions like the mouth of a river, round and round, the eye of a needle, nasty place, a stream of abuse, money talks, butterflies in the stomach, painful pride, etc. We can see it in literature, poems, movies, speeches, etc. Therefore, in this article, the importance of figure of speech along with its various types with examples will be discussed.
Importance of Figure of Speech
It enhances the beauty of the writing. It makes the sentence deeper and leaves the reader with a sense of wonder. It brings life to the words used by the writer. The figure of Speech not only shows the writer's intent but also his purpose in using such language.
It adds flavour to the writing and makes it so much more enjoyable for the reader.
There are five major categories of figures of speech as below:
Figures of resemblance: It is also known as the figure of relationship. It is made up of simile, metaphor, or kenning.
Figures of emphasis: It is also known as a figure of an understatement. It is made up of hyperbole.
Figures of sound: It uses alliteration.
Verbal games: It is also known as gymnastics. It includes puns.
a word or expression used not with its original meaning but in an imaginative way to make a special effect is a Figure of Speech.
A figure of speech is a word or phrase using figurative language—language that has other meaning than its normal definition. In other words, figures of speeches rely on implied or suggested meaning, rather than a dictionary definition. A figure of speech is a deviation from the ordinary use of words in order to increase their effectiveness. It is also known as a rhetorical figure too because it produces a rhetorical effect. It deviates a statement from its real meaning or common usage to create a new required effect. It usually emphasises, embellishes, or clarifies language in both written and oral form. We can see its usage in literature too. We can even see it in advertisements, posters, slogans, newspapers, magazines, cartoons, etc.
Figure of speech can easily catch eyes and highlight the purpose of use. It is designed to make a comparison and create a dramatic factor while writing or speaking. Basically, it is a figurative language that may consist of a single word or phrase. It may be a simile, a metaphor or personification to convey the meaning other than the literal meaning. It is usually classified as different schemes. The ordinary sequence or pattern of words is known as a scheme. We usually perform basic four operations as below to create the required effect:
The addition is also known as repetition, expansion, or superabundance.
An omission is also known as subtraction, abridgement or lack.
Transposition is also known as transferring.
Permutation is also known as switching, interchange, substitution, or transmutation.
We can see many varieties in figures of speech because its prime aim is to use language to create the desired effect. For example, the usage of expressions like the mouth of a river, round and round, the eye of a needle, nasty place, a stream of abuse, money talks, butterflies in the stomach, painful pride, etc. We can see it in literature, poems, movies, speeches, etc. Therefore, in this article, the importance of figure of speech along with its various types with examples will be discussed.
Importance of Figure of Speech
It enhances the beauty of the writing. It makes the sentence deeper and leaves the reader with a sense of wonder. It brings life to the words used by the writer. The figure of Speech not only shows the writer's intent but also his purpose in using such language.
It adds flavour to the writing and makes it so much more enjoyable for the reader.
There are five major categories of figures of speech as below:
Figures of resemblance: It is also known as the figure of relationship. It is made up of simile, metaphor, or kenning.
Figures of emphasis: It is also known as a figure of an understatement. It is made up of hyperbole.
Figures of sound: It uses alliteration.
Verbal games: It is also known as gymnastics. It includes puns.
FIGURES OF SPEECH - PRESENTED BY MR TB MHLONGOThabiso Mhlongo
In this slide, you are going to learn about figures of speech.
The lesson objectives of this lesson are as follows.
After this lesson, you should be able to:
*Define what is meant by figures of speech.
*Know the different types of figures of speech.
*Define the different types of figures of speech.
*Identify figures of speech in actual text and visual text.
*Use the different types of figures of speech in your own writing.
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FIGURES OF SPEECH - PRESENTED BY MR TB MHLONGOThabiso Mhlongo
In this slide, you are going to learn about figures of speech.
The lesson objectives of this lesson are as follows.
After this lesson, you should be able to:
*Define what is meant by figures of speech.
*Know the different types of figures of speech.
*Define the different types of figures of speech.
*Identify figures of speech in actual text and visual text.
*Use the different types of figures of speech in your own writing.
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June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
2. You will learn the
following figures of
speech…
Similes
Metaphors
Personification
Hyperbole
Litotes
and
Metonymy
3. But first…
What is the difference between…
Literal
and
Figurative
language?
4. Literal means…
• The actual, dictionary meaning
of a word; language that means
what it appears to mean
• Avoiding exaggeration,
metaphor, or embellishment
• Conforming to the most obvious
meaning of a word, phrase,
sentence, or story
5. In other words…
•It means exactly what
it says! Word for word.
Example One: The U.S. is a large country.
What does it mean? Exactly what it says!
Example Two: The weather is beautiful
today.
What does it mean? Exactly what it says!
6. Figurative means…
• Language that goes beyond the
normal meaning of the words used
• Based on or making use of figures
of speech; metaphorical
• Represented by a figure or symbol
7. In other words…
•Figure it out! There’s a
deeper meaning hidden
in the words.
Example: Fragrance always stays in the hand
that gives the rose. -Hada Bejar
Does it mean you have a smelly hand? NO!
What does it mean? Giving to others is gracious
and the good feeling of giving stays with you.
10. 1. Simile
•A FIGURE OF SPEECH
in which a comparison
is made between unlike
or dissimilar objects
using the words like or
as.
11. For example…
• Friends are like parachutes. If
they aren’t there the first time
you need them, chances are, you
won’t be needing them again.
-James A. Lovell Jr.
• Does this mean that I should jump out of an airplane with my
friend strapped to my back? Absolutely not!
• Friends are being compared to parachutes using the word
like. (friends = parachutes)
• Friends and parachutes are dissimilar and unlike each other,
yet we have found a way to relate and compare them.
Simile
12. What is the meaning of…?
• Friends are like parachutes. If
they aren’t there the first time
you need them, chances are, you
won’t be needing them again.
-James A. Lovell Jr.
• Parachutes must be there for you the first time you need
them or you will fall to your death. If they are not there for
you the first time you need them, you will not need them
again. You’ll be dead!
• Friends are the same way. If you have a crisis and need your
friend to support you, but he doesn’t come through, you don’t
really need that friend for help again.
Simile
13. 2. Metaphor
•A FIGURE OF SPEECH
in which a comparison
is drawn between two
dissimilar or unlike
things without the use
of like or as.
14. For example…
• A good laugh is sunshine in a
house. -Thackeray
• Does this mean that a laugh is actually light from
the sun? Absolutely not!
• A good laugh is being compared to sunshine by
saying that it is sunshine. (laugh = sunshine)
• A good laugh and sunshine are dissimilar and unlike
things being compared to each other.
Metaphor
15. What is the meaning
of…?
Metaphor
• A good laugh is sunshine in a
house. -Thackeray
• Sunshine brings joy and happiness to people. It
brightens up a room, a house or where ever its rays
strike.
• Laughter does the same thing. It also brings joy and
happiness to people and brightens up a room, a
house, or where ever it is heard.
16. 3. Personification
•A FIGURE OF SPEECH
in which animals,
ideas, or objects are
given human
characteristics or
form.
17. For example…
• The tree bowed and waved
to me in the wind.
• Does this mean a tree actually recognized I was
there and acknowledged me by taking a bow and
waving to me? Absolutely not!
• The tree is being given the human characteristics or
actions of waving and bowing. The tree is being
personified. It now has character.
• Again, unlike or dissimilar things are being
compared. (tree = person)
Personification
18. What is the meaning of this…?
• The tree bowed and waved
to me in the wind.
• This simply draws the picture in our minds that it
must be an extremely windy day for the trees
branches to ‘wave’ and the trunk to bend as if it
were ‘bowing.’
• The tree is being given the human characteristics or
actions of waving and bowing. The tree is being
personified. It now has character.
Personification
19. 4. Hyperbole
•A FIGURE OF SPEECH
in which an
exaggeration or
overstatement is made
to illustrate a point.
20. For example…
• I’m so hungry I could eat a
horse!
and
• Ten thousand suns light up
this room.
• Does this mean I could actually eat an entire horse
or that this room is blindingly bright from actual
suns? Of course not!
• A ridiculous image is being painted in our minds to
get the significance and importance of the point
across.
Hyperbole
21. What is the meaning of this…?
• I’m so hungry I could eat a
horse!
and
• Ten thousand suns light up
this room.
• The first obviously means that I am extremely
hungry but in no way could I eat a 400 pound horse!
• The second clearly means that our room is
extremely bright but in no way will we be blinded by
it!
Hyperbole
22. What is the meaning of this…?
• I’m so hungry I could eat a
horse!
and
• Ten thousand suns light up
this room.
• These are both
exaggerations to illustrate a
point.
Hyperbole
23. Hyperbole can be funny…!
•Here are a few
humorous hyperboles:
• “My sister uses so much makeup, she broke a chisel
trying to get it off last night!” Johnny, Baton Rouge, LA
• “My teacher is so old, they’ve already nailed the coffin
shut.” Michelle S., Knoxville, TN
• “My dog is so ugly, you can’t tell if he’s coming or going.”
Ashley Brosseau
• “Your sister is so skinny, she has to run around in the
shower to get wet!” Cliff, Richmond, CA
Hyperbole
26. For example…
• It isn’t very serious. I have this
tiny little tumor on the brain. J.D. Salinger,
The Catcher in the Rye
and
• This is no small problem.
• Does the first mean a brain tumor isn’t very serious? No! The
seriousness of the situation in lessened or understated for
effect.
• In the second example, small is the opposite of big and then
small is negated, making it seem less important.
Litotes
27. Here’s how you do it….
• This is no small problem.
really means…
• This is a big problem.
1. The opposite of big is small.
2. Negate small by adding not or no.
3. Restructure your sentence.
• This is a big problem.
becomes…
• This is no small problem.
Litotes
28.
29. More on litotes…
• Litotes is used to express modesty or
downplay one’s accomplishments in
order to gain favor or respect.
• If one just bought a Bently, he might say…
• It wasn’t cheap.
• If one is healthy, he might say…
• I’m not unwell, thank you.
• If one played an outstanding basketball game, he
might say…
• I didn’t play poorly.
Litotes
30. 6. Metonymy
•A FIGURE OF SPEECH
in which a part
represents a whole or
a whole represents a
part.
31. For example…
• The dagger of the United States
sliced Saddam Hussein’s army to
pieces.
and
• I pledge my service to the crown.
• Did just a knife alone destroy Sadaam’s armies? Absolutely
not! The knife represents a part of the whole United States
Armed Forces. (knife = U.S. Armed Forces)
• Do I pledge my service to just a crown that sits atop the
king’s head? No! The solitary crown represents a part of the
whole king and kingdom to whom I pledge my service.
(crown = king and kingdom)
Metonymy
32. More metonymy examples…
• She was a girl of twenty summers.
(twenty summers = twenty years)
• A fleet of thirty sails docked at the
harbour.
(thirty sails = 30 complete ships)
• France has just beaten Ireland in the
World Cup!
(France = a soccer team from France,
Ireland = a soccer team from Ireland)
In this case, the wholes of France and Ireland are used to
represent a part of France and Ireland, their soccer teams.
Metonymy
33. More metonymy examples…
• Keep your eye on the ball.
(eye = your complete, undivided attention)
• He’s always chasing skirts.
(skirts = whole women)
• John reads Poe.
(Poe = all the works written by Poe)
Metonymy