The document summarizes a systematic review of evidence on fetal pain. It finds:
1) Pain perception requires conscious recognition which likely does not exist before 29-30 weeks due to incomplete thalamocortical connections.
2) Withdrawal reflexes and stress responses to invasive procedures do not prove fetal pain because they can occur without conscious processing.
3) Little evidence addresses effectiveness or safety of direct fetal anesthesia for abortion procedures. Anesthesia used in fetal surgery serves other purposes.
4) Evidence on fetal pain capacity is limited but suggests perception is unlikely before the third trimester.
This document discusses 3 common myths about fetal pain and the use of fetal analgesia during procedures:
1) That fetuses do not feel pain or remember pain. However, research shows fetuses may feel pain as early as 20 weeks and have stress responses to invasive procedures.
2) That fetal analgesia is not possible or safe and there is no data to support it. Some studies have shown fetal analgesia is possible and safe in short term use and reduces stress responses.
3) That maternal analgesia is sufficient to cover fetal pain needs. However, not all maternal analgesia crosses the placenta and individual variation exists, so direct fetal analgesia should be considered.
The document argues
1) Women whose pregnancies were complicated by fetal anomalies that require surgery had significantly higher levels of state anxiety than women without such complications. Older maternal age was also correlated with higher state anxiety.
2) Those with histories of mental health issues had higher trait anxiety scores. Most women reported that knowing about the nurse care coordinator at the fetal care center decreased their anxiety.
3) Participants expressed interest in speaking with families who had similar experiences as a form of emotional support. The study provides insight into risk factors for higher maternal anxiety and potential support services.
This document summarizes a national survey of breastfeeding rates in US hospitals designated as "Baby-Friendly" in 2001. The survey found that Baby-Friendly hospitals had higher rates of breastfeeding initiation (83.8% vs national rate of 69.5%) and exclusive breastfeeding during hospital stay (78.4% vs national rate of 46.3%) compared to national averages. The 3 Steps to Successful Breastfeeding that were most difficult for hospitals to meet were paying for infant formula (Step 6), training staff (Step 2), and limiting formula marketing (Step 7). Overall, the results suggest that Baby-Friendly designation is associated with higher breastfeeding rates, regardless of hospital demographic factors.
This document provides a summary of the 9th edition of Danforth's Obstetrics and Gynecology textbook. It includes 59 chapters covering topics in obstetrics, gynecology, reproductive endocrinology, and gynecologic oncology. The textbook is edited by Drs. James R. Scott, Ronald S. Gibbs, Beth Y. Karlan, and Arthur F. Haney and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins in 2003. It contains contributions from over 100 experts in various fields related to women's health.
Recommendations for practices_utilizing_gestational_carriers_nonmembersAsha Reddy
This document provides guidelines for screening and testing genetic parents and gestational carriers to reduce health risks. It recommends:
- Genetic parents undergo genetic and medical evaluation, screening for infectious diseases like HIV and STIs, and laboratory testing. Those with risk factors or positive tests are ineligible unless the risks are addressed.
- The gestational carrier also undergoes medical evaluation and screening/testing for infectious diseases.
- Embryos can be quarantined for 180 days to retest genetic parents after embryo creation and before transfer.
- Proper counseling, consent, and confidentiality practices are important.
The document discusses fetal pain and the neural pathways involved in the experience of pain. It summarizes that while there is general agreement that the neural pathways necessary for pain are present by 24 weeks gestation, debates remain about the possibility of fetal pain before or after this point. Some argue fetal pain is possible earlier due to sub-cortical structures, while others argue it is not possible at any stage due to lack of development and sedation in the womb. The document also notes increasing interest in fetal pain from legislation and more invasive fetal surgeries and medical procedures.
The document discusses the history and current state of research on fetal pain. It describes how in the 1970s, the prevailing view was that fetuses and newborns could not feel pain. However, research beginning in the 1980s found that fetuses have fully developed pain receptor pathways by 8 weeks gestation. It provides extensive evidence that fetuses can feel pain, including the presence of pain-sensing structures, neurotransmitters, hormonal and physiological responses to painful stimuli, and efforts to reduce fetal pain through anesthesia. The document rebuts common arguments against fetal pain such as lack of cortex, myelination, communication or memory.
This study compared the effects of two perineal management techniques—warm compresses and massage with lubricant—on reducing perineal trauma during the second stage of labor. 200 women were randomized into the two groups. The results showed that women who received warm compresses on the perineum had significantly fewer lacerations compared to those who received massage with lubricant. Risk factors for perineal trauma like primiparity, fundal pressure, and baby's head being born between contractions were also lower in the warm compress group. The study supports the use of warm compresses by birth attendants to help reduce perineal trauma.
This document discusses 3 common myths about fetal pain and the use of fetal analgesia during procedures:
1) That fetuses do not feel pain or remember pain. However, research shows fetuses may feel pain as early as 20 weeks and have stress responses to invasive procedures.
2) That fetal analgesia is not possible or safe and there is no data to support it. Some studies have shown fetal analgesia is possible and safe in short term use and reduces stress responses.
3) That maternal analgesia is sufficient to cover fetal pain needs. However, not all maternal analgesia crosses the placenta and individual variation exists, so direct fetal analgesia should be considered.
The document argues
1) Women whose pregnancies were complicated by fetal anomalies that require surgery had significantly higher levels of state anxiety than women without such complications. Older maternal age was also correlated with higher state anxiety.
2) Those with histories of mental health issues had higher trait anxiety scores. Most women reported that knowing about the nurse care coordinator at the fetal care center decreased their anxiety.
3) Participants expressed interest in speaking with families who had similar experiences as a form of emotional support. The study provides insight into risk factors for higher maternal anxiety and potential support services.
This document summarizes a national survey of breastfeeding rates in US hospitals designated as "Baby-Friendly" in 2001. The survey found that Baby-Friendly hospitals had higher rates of breastfeeding initiation (83.8% vs national rate of 69.5%) and exclusive breastfeeding during hospital stay (78.4% vs national rate of 46.3%) compared to national averages. The 3 Steps to Successful Breastfeeding that were most difficult for hospitals to meet were paying for infant formula (Step 6), training staff (Step 2), and limiting formula marketing (Step 7). Overall, the results suggest that Baby-Friendly designation is associated with higher breastfeeding rates, regardless of hospital demographic factors.
This document provides a summary of the 9th edition of Danforth's Obstetrics and Gynecology textbook. It includes 59 chapters covering topics in obstetrics, gynecology, reproductive endocrinology, and gynecologic oncology. The textbook is edited by Drs. James R. Scott, Ronald S. Gibbs, Beth Y. Karlan, and Arthur F. Haney and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins in 2003. It contains contributions from over 100 experts in various fields related to women's health.
Recommendations for practices_utilizing_gestational_carriers_nonmembersAsha Reddy
This document provides guidelines for screening and testing genetic parents and gestational carriers to reduce health risks. It recommends:
- Genetic parents undergo genetic and medical evaluation, screening for infectious diseases like HIV and STIs, and laboratory testing. Those with risk factors or positive tests are ineligible unless the risks are addressed.
- The gestational carrier also undergoes medical evaluation and screening/testing for infectious diseases.
- Embryos can be quarantined for 180 days to retest genetic parents after embryo creation and before transfer.
- Proper counseling, consent, and confidentiality practices are important.
The document discusses fetal pain and the neural pathways involved in the experience of pain. It summarizes that while there is general agreement that the neural pathways necessary for pain are present by 24 weeks gestation, debates remain about the possibility of fetal pain before or after this point. Some argue fetal pain is possible earlier due to sub-cortical structures, while others argue it is not possible at any stage due to lack of development and sedation in the womb. The document also notes increasing interest in fetal pain from legislation and more invasive fetal surgeries and medical procedures.
The document discusses the history and current state of research on fetal pain. It describes how in the 1970s, the prevailing view was that fetuses and newborns could not feel pain. However, research beginning in the 1980s found that fetuses have fully developed pain receptor pathways by 8 weeks gestation. It provides extensive evidence that fetuses can feel pain, including the presence of pain-sensing structures, neurotransmitters, hormonal and physiological responses to painful stimuli, and efforts to reduce fetal pain through anesthesia. The document rebuts common arguments against fetal pain such as lack of cortex, myelination, communication or memory.
This study compared the effects of two perineal management techniques—warm compresses and massage with lubricant—on reducing perineal trauma during the second stage of labor. 200 women were randomized into the two groups. The results showed that women who received warm compresses on the perineum had significantly fewer lacerations compared to those who received massage with lubricant. Risk factors for perineal trauma like primiparity, fundal pressure, and baby's head being born between contractions were also lower in the warm compress group. The study supports the use of warm compresses by birth attendants to help reduce perineal trauma.
1. The study found that exclusive breastfeeding provided strong protection against infant death in Ghana, India, and Peru, where infant mortality from infectious disease is high. However, the risks of death or hospitalization for infants who were predominantly breastfed were not significantly different than for those who were exclusively breastfed.
2. Some experts were concerned that this finding could undermine promotion of exclusive breastfeeding, as the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding over predominant breastfeeding may be greatest in the first months of life when the study's sample sizes were smaller.
3. It was also noted that the study only looked at infants older than 6-10 weeks, so the findings may not apply to younger infants, for whom the differences between
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of
Anesthesiology, 1984–1988
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of
Anesthesiology, 1988–1995
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of
Anesthesiology, 1995–2003
Associate:
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of
Anesthesiology, 2003–2009
Professor:
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of
Anesthesiology, 2009–present
Lectures:
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of
Anesthesiology, 1984–present:
1. Ectopic pregnancy occurs when an embryo implants outside of the uterus, most commonly in the fallopian tubes, and is a leading cause of first-trimester maternal mortality and hemorrhage.
2. Transvaginal ultrasound is the key test to diagnose ectopic pregnancy by identifying embryonic structures outside of the uterus when the uterus is empty.
3. Understanding normal early pregnancy development and the variety of potential ectopic pregnancy locations is important for radiologists to make an accurate diagnosis and prevent false positives.
This randomized controlled trial found that advising mothers to avoid pacifier use did not reduce the risk of breastfeeding cessation before 3 months or affect infant crying behavior. Mothers who were advised against pacifier use were less likely to report using one but showed no differences in breastfeeding duration or infant fussing compared to the control group. While pacifier use has been linked to early weaning in observational studies, this trial did not find evidence that pacifiers directly increase weaning risk or that advising against their use provides benefits.
Most internists' practices include patients who have had or will seek induced abortion. Each year, about 2% of women ages 15-44 have an abortion. Most abortions are performed by vacuum aspiration under local anesthesia in freestanding clinics before 9 weeks of gestation. Medical abortion with mifepristone and misoprostol is a growing nonsurgical alternative for early pregnancy termination. Abortion remains very safe, with a risk of less than 1 death per 100,000 procedures.
The document summarizes 3 experiments on the effect of "laying on of hands" on transplanted breast cancer in mice. In the first experiment, 5 mice with breast cancer received daily 1-hour treatments from the researcher for 1 month. Their tumors blackened, ulcerated, and closed, and the mice lived normally. Control mice died as predicted. Two replications using skeptical volunteers also found high cure rates. Histological studies found viable cancer cells throughout remission. Reinjections of cancer into cured mice did not take, suggesting an immune response. The experiments suggest "laying on of hands" can cure cancer in mice in a reliable and reproducible way by stimulating immunity, without the need for belief.
This study examined preoperative pain and symptom profiles in 70 children undergoing surgery for idiopathic scoliosis. The researchers found that 30% of children had a high preoperative pain and symptom profile characterized by higher levels of depression, fatigue, pain interference, widespread pain, and pain catastrophizing. Children with this high profile, particularly girls and those with long-standing pain, had worse postoperative pain outcomes including higher reported pain, greater opioid use, and ongoing pain issues up to 6 months later. The findings suggest a subset of children are more vulnerable to pain due to central sensitization, and this vulnerability predicts poorer recovery after spine fusion surgery.
This study compared neonatal and maternal outcomes following administration of fentanyl and midazolam or placebo to 60 pregnant women prior to Cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. The study found:
1) No significant differences between groups in neonatal Apgar scores, neurobehavioral scores, or continuous pulse oximetry measurements over three hours.
2) Mothers who received fentanyl and midazolam were more likely to report finding the study medication helpful, but both groups showed no difference in recall of the birth.
3) Maternal catecholamine levels and neonatal cord blood gas values were similar between groups.
The study concluded that a single dose of fentanyl and mid
Newborn survival and perinatal health in resource-constrained settings in Asia and the Pacific: Applying Global Evidence to Priorities Beyond 2015
12 April 2013
Pooled Analysis Of Antidepressant Levels In Lactating Mothers, Breast Milk, A...Biblioteca Virtual
This document summarizes a pooled analysis of published studies on antidepressant levels in breastfeeding mothers, breast milk, and nursing infants. 57 studies were identified that measured antidepressant levels in these groups. The analysis found that on average, infants exposed to certain antidepressants (nortriptyline, paroxetine, sertraline) tended to have undetectable drug levels, while exposure to fluoxetine was more likely to produce higher infant drug levels above 10% of the mother's level. The analysis also found a relationship between the drug's protein binding in milk and the amount transferred to the infant. The authors conclude that nortriptyline, paroxetine, and sertraline may be preferable antidepressant choices for breastfeeding
Exclusive Breastfeeding Reduces Acute Respiratory Infection And DiarrheaBiblioteca Virtual
This study examined the relationship between breastfeeding practices and infant mortality in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The researchers followed over 1600 infants from birth to 12 months. They found that exclusive breastfeeding declined from 53% at 1 month to 5% at 6 months. Partial or no breastfeeding was associated with a 2-3 times higher risk of infant death from all causes, acute respiratory infection (ARI), and diarrhea compared to exclusive breastfeeding. The study suggests that exclusive breastfeeding in early infancy reduces infant mortality, particularly from ARI and diarrhea.
Fetal screening and selection medical dogma or parental preferenceKatharine Perry
This document discusses fetal screening and selection, and whether women's decisions to terminate pregnancies based on fetal abnormalities are truly autonomous. It notes that medical practitioners have significantly more positive views of terminating pregnancies for disabilities compared to patients. This difference in views threatens patients' autonomy during genetic counseling. The document examines discrepancies between medical and patient attitudes, how prenatal testing has advanced, and abortion rates after diagnoses. It argues that the medical community's tendency to over-medicalize and view disabilities as defining traits influences their support for fetal screening and selection in a way that can undermine patient consent.
The document summarizes the key discussions and outcomes of the 2008 National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Workshop on Electronic Fetal Monitoring. The workshop aimed to update definitions, interpretations, and research guidelines for intrapartum electronic fetal monitoring. Participants reached consensus on standardized terminology and a three-tier system for interpreting fetal heart rate tracings. They also prioritized topics for future research on electronic fetal monitoring.
This document discusses pain, fetal development, and laws relating to abortion. It summarizes that the medical consensus is that fetuses are unlikely to feel pain before 27 weeks due to brain development. While laws limiting abortion after 20 weeks cite fetal pain, they affect a small percentage of procedures and have a larger symbolic impact by promoting ideas of fetal personhood. The document argues these laws are primarily about political values rather than established science on fetal pain.
Ms. Rachael Hardy presents with two breast lumps and a history of atypical ductal hyperplasia. Physical examination reveals two palpable breast masses. Diagnostic tests including mammogram and biopsy reveal invasive ductal carcinoma and metastatic breast adenocarcinoma. The primary diagnosis is a breast mass and neoplasm. Differential diagnoses include fibroadenoma, fibrocystic disease, and breast lipoma. The management plan includes referral for mastectomy, radiation therapy, medical oncology, and psychological support through cancer treatment and recovery.
General Psychology Interpret an instance of behavior (individual .docxlianaalbee2qly
General Psychology
: Interpret an instance of behavior (individual or collective) recently in the news from the point of view of any two of the three schools of thought that became popular when psychology emerged as a discipline. Your response should include specific details including the major theorists and goals of the two selected schools of psychological thought. Your response should be at least 200 words in length. You are required to use at least your textbook as source material for your response. All sources used, including the textbook, must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations. Wade, C., Tavris, C., & Garry, M. (2014). Psychology (11th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education. Must be done in APA format
ONE PAGE /275 WORDS ONE SOURCE BOOK REFERENCE
[1/29/16, 11:29 AM] josphat mungai (
[email protected]
):
Author: R.A. Noe
Employee training and development (6th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill
2:General Psychology
: A researcher hypothesizes that adults will respond differently to the same baby depending on how the child is dressed. Her colleague, on the other hand, hypothesizes that boys and girls are treated equally and that only temperamental differences lead to differences in their handling. Design a research study to test their hypotheses. Your response should be at least 200 words in length. You are required to use at least your textbook as source material for your response. All sources used, including the textbook, must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations. Wade, C., Tavris, C., & Garry, M. (2014). Psychology (11th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education. Must be done in APA format
ONE PAGE /275 WORDS ONE SOURCE BOOK REFERENCE
[1/29/16, 11:29 AM] josphat mungai (
[email protected]
):
Author: R.A. Noe
Employee training and development (6th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill
Put to the test: as genetic screening gets cheaper and easier, it's raising questions that health-care providers aren't prepared to answer
The American Prospect, November 2010
When my children were born in the mid-1990s, new parents could already see that prenatal genetic testing was altering the terrain of pregnancy and childbirth. Growing numbers of educated women were having children at older ages, with resulting difficulties and risks. More and more parents faced challenging, deeply personal decisions about whether to engage in genetic testing and what to do if they received unfavorable results.
I remember my own anxieties when my wife, Veronica, took a blood test that searched for elevated alpha-fetoproteins, which are associated with diverse ailments ranging from spina bifida to anencephaly. The mere prospect of these rare conditions--and even the choice to undergo the tests--was surprisingly painful. At least genetic counselors and other professionals were available to help guide us.
By that point, amniocentesis had been in wide use for more than t.
Adherence to contraception when pregnancy is contraindicated in research: the...Irene Melamed
This document summarizes a presentation on the ethics of research involving pregnant women and contraception requirements. It discusses considerations for including pregnant women in research given the physiological and ethical complexity. Research trials often mandate the use of reliable contraception like oral contraceptives or IUDs. However, contraception requirements can be prescriptive and potentially coercive if they do not respect a woman's autonomy or preferences. Ensuring adherence to contraceptive measures poses challenges and tensions between protection, compliance, and the clinical research scenario. The effectiveness of contraception may be higher in clinical trials than in real life due to closer monitoring. Overall, the ethics of research in pregnancy and contraception requirements involve balancing risks, autonomy, and vulnerability.
Running Head Case Study Fetal Abnormality2Case Study .docxtodd271
Running Head: Case Study: Fetal Abnormality 2
Case Study: Fetal Abnormality 2
Case Study: Fetal Abnormality
1/31/19
From the case, study the couples are faced with a tough decision of aborting the fetus or not being the ultrasound result showed that the child would have abnormalities upon birth. Dr. Wilson suggested abortion of the child based on the defect with Jessica being indecisive of aborting or not. The husband Marco is ready to support her despite the decision she takes though aunty maria believes abortion is wrong. This is a reflection paper showing the theories and influence of recommendations for action by the individuals alongside showing the theory I agree with ("Fetal Abnormality Case Study," 2017).
Question 1
From my viewpoint, according to aunty Maria who is a strong Christian, firmly believes that the fetus should be given a chance to live because from her perspective abortion is wrong and an against God's intent. She acts as a moral agency empowering a person to do what is morally right. She believes that with prayers, there is an answer to every problem and that there is a reason one is pregnant. According to Christianity the fetus should be kept and born no matter the situation (Newbanks, Rieg, & Schaefer, 2017, p. 1).
Question 2
Jesica, Maria, Marco, and Dr. Wilson applied different theories in determining the moral status of the fetus. Dr. Wilson gave the family all options required, however, he illustrates great support of abortion on his understanding of medical deformities. Dr. Wilson uses the theory of cognitive properties outlining to have one morals status, needs to be able to illustrate the level of rationality and awareness which is not owned by fetus making fetus not to have a moral condition, thus, acceptable to abort it. Maria asks Jessica to meditate about her roles as a mother to the child to show respect to the intent of God which fall under the theory of relationship. Jessica has united with the fetus as a mother as well as a connection to God offering fetus with a moral status that abortion is wrong. This is illustrating the divine command theory which is based on creator being God and decides morality. Jessica is in financial problems thus making her be in the chaos that the kid posses alongside the beliefs of her religion which is against abortion ("Ethics: Moral Status," n.d.). Jessica uses the theory of moral agency as she is planning to have the moral status of the child is in place. Macro uses theory based on the relationship because the moral situation of the child may change depending on action by Jessica. Having discussed the above different approaches, it is clear that every one of them has different opinions of what should be done to the fetus of which is very right based on their beliefs and values (Newbanks, Rieg, & Schaefer, 2017, p. 1).
Question 3
They used different theories to give their opinions which also had to determine each of their recommendation for act.
Challenged Conceptions - Environmental Chemicals & Fertility - Resources for Healthy Children www.scribd.com/doc/254613619 - For more information, Please see Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children www.scribd.com/doc/254613963 - Gardening with Volcanic Rock Dust www.scribd.com/doc/254613846 - Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech www.scribd.com/doc/254613765 - Free School Gardening Art Posters www.scribd.com/doc/254613694 - Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden www.scribd.com/doc/254609890 - Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success www.scribd.com/doc/254613619 - City Chickens for your Organic School Garden www.scribd.com/doc/254613553 - Huerto Ecológico, Tecnologías Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica www.scribd.com/doc/254613494 - Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide www.scribd.com/doc/254613410 - Free Organic Gardening Publications www.scribd.com/doc/254609890 ~
This document provides an overview of the normal physiological process of labor and birth. It discusses the phases of labor and common metrics used to assess cervical dilation, fetal position, and station. It also addresses cultural factors that influence birth experiences in America, including place of birth, pain management expectations, and fetal monitoring. While continuous electronic fetal monitoring is commonly used, research does not clearly demonstrate benefits over intermittent auscultation and shows increased rates of intervention. Oxytocin augmentation is also discussed, noting a lack of evidence supporting its routine use when labor is progressing normally. The goal is to understand labor as a natural process and avoid unnecessary medicalization when possible.
This document discusses the author's personal nursing philosophy which focuses on providing comfort to patients. The philosophy is informed by Kolcaba's Comfort Theory, which defines comfort as occurring through relief, ease, or transcendence in physical, psychospiritual, environmental, and sociocultural contexts. The author believes in being honest with patients while still providing comfort, and advocating for patients who cannot speak for themselves. Kolcaba's theory fits with the philosophy by allowing the author to address patient needs in holistic ways.
1. The study found that exclusive breastfeeding provided strong protection against infant death in Ghana, India, and Peru, where infant mortality from infectious disease is high. However, the risks of death or hospitalization for infants who were predominantly breastfed were not significantly different than for those who were exclusively breastfed.
2. Some experts were concerned that this finding could undermine promotion of exclusive breastfeeding, as the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding over predominant breastfeeding may be greatest in the first months of life when the study's sample sizes were smaller.
3. It was also noted that the study only looked at infants older than 6-10 weeks, so the findings may not apply to younger infants, for whom the differences between
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of
Anesthesiology, 1984–1988
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of
Anesthesiology, 1988–1995
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of
Anesthesiology, 1995–2003
Associate:
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of
Anesthesiology, 2003–2009
Professor:
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of
Anesthesiology, 2009–present
Lectures:
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of
Anesthesiology, 1984–present:
1. Ectopic pregnancy occurs when an embryo implants outside of the uterus, most commonly in the fallopian tubes, and is a leading cause of first-trimester maternal mortality and hemorrhage.
2. Transvaginal ultrasound is the key test to diagnose ectopic pregnancy by identifying embryonic structures outside of the uterus when the uterus is empty.
3. Understanding normal early pregnancy development and the variety of potential ectopic pregnancy locations is important for radiologists to make an accurate diagnosis and prevent false positives.
This randomized controlled trial found that advising mothers to avoid pacifier use did not reduce the risk of breastfeeding cessation before 3 months or affect infant crying behavior. Mothers who were advised against pacifier use were less likely to report using one but showed no differences in breastfeeding duration or infant fussing compared to the control group. While pacifier use has been linked to early weaning in observational studies, this trial did not find evidence that pacifiers directly increase weaning risk or that advising against their use provides benefits.
Most internists' practices include patients who have had or will seek induced abortion. Each year, about 2% of women ages 15-44 have an abortion. Most abortions are performed by vacuum aspiration under local anesthesia in freestanding clinics before 9 weeks of gestation. Medical abortion with mifepristone and misoprostol is a growing nonsurgical alternative for early pregnancy termination. Abortion remains very safe, with a risk of less than 1 death per 100,000 procedures.
The document summarizes 3 experiments on the effect of "laying on of hands" on transplanted breast cancer in mice. In the first experiment, 5 mice with breast cancer received daily 1-hour treatments from the researcher for 1 month. Their tumors blackened, ulcerated, and closed, and the mice lived normally. Control mice died as predicted. Two replications using skeptical volunteers also found high cure rates. Histological studies found viable cancer cells throughout remission. Reinjections of cancer into cured mice did not take, suggesting an immune response. The experiments suggest "laying on of hands" can cure cancer in mice in a reliable and reproducible way by stimulating immunity, without the need for belief.
This study examined preoperative pain and symptom profiles in 70 children undergoing surgery for idiopathic scoliosis. The researchers found that 30% of children had a high preoperative pain and symptom profile characterized by higher levels of depression, fatigue, pain interference, widespread pain, and pain catastrophizing. Children with this high profile, particularly girls and those with long-standing pain, had worse postoperative pain outcomes including higher reported pain, greater opioid use, and ongoing pain issues up to 6 months later. The findings suggest a subset of children are more vulnerable to pain due to central sensitization, and this vulnerability predicts poorer recovery after spine fusion surgery.
This study compared neonatal and maternal outcomes following administration of fentanyl and midazolam or placebo to 60 pregnant women prior to Cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. The study found:
1) No significant differences between groups in neonatal Apgar scores, neurobehavioral scores, or continuous pulse oximetry measurements over three hours.
2) Mothers who received fentanyl and midazolam were more likely to report finding the study medication helpful, but both groups showed no difference in recall of the birth.
3) Maternal catecholamine levels and neonatal cord blood gas values were similar between groups.
The study concluded that a single dose of fentanyl and mid
Newborn survival and perinatal health in resource-constrained settings in Asia and the Pacific: Applying Global Evidence to Priorities Beyond 2015
12 April 2013
Pooled Analysis Of Antidepressant Levels In Lactating Mothers, Breast Milk, A...Biblioteca Virtual
This document summarizes a pooled analysis of published studies on antidepressant levels in breastfeeding mothers, breast milk, and nursing infants. 57 studies were identified that measured antidepressant levels in these groups. The analysis found that on average, infants exposed to certain antidepressants (nortriptyline, paroxetine, sertraline) tended to have undetectable drug levels, while exposure to fluoxetine was more likely to produce higher infant drug levels above 10% of the mother's level. The analysis also found a relationship between the drug's protein binding in milk and the amount transferred to the infant. The authors conclude that nortriptyline, paroxetine, and sertraline may be preferable antidepressant choices for breastfeeding
Exclusive Breastfeeding Reduces Acute Respiratory Infection And DiarrheaBiblioteca Virtual
This study examined the relationship between breastfeeding practices and infant mortality in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The researchers followed over 1600 infants from birth to 12 months. They found that exclusive breastfeeding declined from 53% at 1 month to 5% at 6 months. Partial or no breastfeeding was associated with a 2-3 times higher risk of infant death from all causes, acute respiratory infection (ARI), and diarrhea compared to exclusive breastfeeding. The study suggests that exclusive breastfeeding in early infancy reduces infant mortality, particularly from ARI and diarrhea.
Fetal screening and selection medical dogma or parental preferenceKatharine Perry
This document discusses fetal screening and selection, and whether women's decisions to terminate pregnancies based on fetal abnormalities are truly autonomous. It notes that medical practitioners have significantly more positive views of terminating pregnancies for disabilities compared to patients. This difference in views threatens patients' autonomy during genetic counseling. The document examines discrepancies between medical and patient attitudes, how prenatal testing has advanced, and abortion rates after diagnoses. It argues that the medical community's tendency to over-medicalize and view disabilities as defining traits influences their support for fetal screening and selection in a way that can undermine patient consent.
The document summarizes the key discussions and outcomes of the 2008 National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Workshop on Electronic Fetal Monitoring. The workshop aimed to update definitions, interpretations, and research guidelines for intrapartum electronic fetal monitoring. Participants reached consensus on standardized terminology and a three-tier system for interpreting fetal heart rate tracings. They also prioritized topics for future research on electronic fetal monitoring.
This document discusses pain, fetal development, and laws relating to abortion. It summarizes that the medical consensus is that fetuses are unlikely to feel pain before 27 weeks due to brain development. While laws limiting abortion after 20 weeks cite fetal pain, they affect a small percentage of procedures and have a larger symbolic impact by promoting ideas of fetal personhood. The document argues these laws are primarily about political values rather than established science on fetal pain.
Ms. Rachael Hardy presents with two breast lumps and a history of atypical ductal hyperplasia. Physical examination reveals two palpable breast masses. Diagnostic tests including mammogram and biopsy reveal invasive ductal carcinoma and metastatic breast adenocarcinoma. The primary diagnosis is a breast mass and neoplasm. Differential diagnoses include fibroadenoma, fibrocystic disease, and breast lipoma. The management plan includes referral for mastectomy, radiation therapy, medical oncology, and psychological support through cancer treatment and recovery.
General Psychology Interpret an instance of behavior (individual .docxlianaalbee2qly
General Psychology
: Interpret an instance of behavior (individual or collective) recently in the news from the point of view of any two of the three schools of thought that became popular when psychology emerged as a discipline. Your response should include specific details including the major theorists and goals of the two selected schools of psychological thought. Your response should be at least 200 words in length. You are required to use at least your textbook as source material for your response. All sources used, including the textbook, must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations. Wade, C., Tavris, C., & Garry, M. (2014). Psychology (11th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education. Must be done in APA format
ONE PAGE /275 WORDS ONE SOURCE BOOK REFERENCE
[1/29/16, 11:29 AM] josphat mungai (
[email protected]
):
Author: R.A. Noe
Employee training and development (6th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill
2:General Psychology
: A researcher hypothesizes that adults will respond differently to the same baby depending on how the child is dressed. Her colleague, on the other hand, hypothesizes that boys and girls are treated equally and that only temperamental differences lead to differences in their handling. Design a research study to test their hypotheses. Your response should be at least 200 words in length. You are required to use at least your textbook as source material for your response. All sources used, including the textbook, must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations. Wade, C., Tavris, C., & Garry, M. (2014). Psychology (11th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education. Must be done in APA format
ONE PAGE /275 WORDS ONE SOURCE BOOK REFERENCE
[1/29/16, 11:29 AM] josphat mungai (
[email protected]
):
Author: R.A. Noe
Employee training and development (6th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill
Put to the test: as genetic screening gets cheaper and easier, it's raising questions that health-care providers aren't prepared to answer
The American Prospect, November 2010
When my children were born in the mid-1990s, new parents could already see that prenatal genetic testing was altering the terrain of pregnancy and childbirth. Growing numbers of educated women were having children at older ages, with resulting difficulties and risks. More and more parents faced challenging, deeply personal decisions about whether to engage in genetic testing and what to do if they received unfavorable results.
I remember my own anxieties when my wife, Veronica, took a blood test that searched for elevated alpha-fetoproteins, which are associated with diverse ailments ranging from spina bifida to anencephaly. The mere prospect of these rare conditions--and even the choice to undergo the tests--was surprisingly painful. At least genetic counselors and other professionals were available to help guide us.
By that point, amniocentesis had been in wide use for more than t.
Adherence to contraception when pregnancy is contraindicated in research: the...Irene Melamed
This document summarizes a presentation on the ethics of research involving pregnant women and contraception requirements. It discusses considerations for including pregnant women in research given the physiological and ethical complexity. Research trials often mandate the use of reliable contraception like oral contraceptives or IUDs. However, contraception requirements can be prescriptive and potentially coercive if they do not respect a woman's autonomy or preferences. Ensuring adherence to contraceptive measures poses challenges and tensions between protection, compliance, and the clinical research scenario. The effectiveness of contraception may be higher in clinical trials than in real life due to closer monitoring. Overall, the ethics of research in pregnancy and contraception requirements involve balancing risks, autonomy, and vulnerability.
Running Head Case Study Fetal Abnormality2Case Study .docxtodd271
Running Head: Case Study: Fetal Abnormality 2
Case Study: Fetal Abnormality 2
Case Study: Fetal Abnormality
1/31/19
From the case, study the couples are faced with a tough decision of aborting the fetus or not being the ultrasound result showed that the child would have abnormalities upon birth. Dr. Wilson suggested abortion of the child based on the defect with Jessica being indecisive of aborting or not. The husband Marco is ready to support her despite the decision she takes though aunty maria believes abortion is wrong. This is a reflection paper showing the theories and influence of recommendations for action by the individuals alongside showing the theory I agree with ("Fetal Abnormality Case Study," 2017).
Question 1
From my viewpoint, according to aunty Maria who is a strong Christian, firmly believes that the fetus should be given a chance to live because from her perspective abortion is wrong and an against God's intent. She acts as a moral agency empowering a person to do what is morally right. She believes that with prayers, there is an answer to every problem and that there is a reason one is pregnant. According to Christianity the fetus should be kept and born no matter the situation (Newbanks, Rieg, & Schaefer, 2017, p. 1).
Question 2
Jesica, Maria, Marco, and Dr. Wilson applied different theories in determining the moral status of the fetus. Dr. Wilson gave the family all options required, however, he illustrates great support of abortion on his understanding of medical deformities. Dr. Wilson uses the theory of cognitive properties outlining to have one morals status, needs to be able to illustrate the level of rationality and awareness which is not owned by fetus making fetus not to have a moral condition, thus, acceptable to abort it. Maria asks Jessica to meditate about her roles as a mother to the child to show respect to the intent of God which fall under the theory of relationship. Jessica has united with the fetus as a mother as well as a connection to God offering fetus with a moral status that abortion is wrong. This is illustrating the divine command theory which is based on creator being God and decides morality. Jessica is in financial problems thus making her be in the chaos that the kid posses alongside the beliefs of her religion which is against abortion ("Ethics: Moral Status," n.d.). Jessica uses the theory of moral agency as she is planning to have the moral status of the child is in place. Macro uses theory based on the relationship because the moral situation of the child may change depending on action by Jessica. Having discussed the above different approaches, it is clear that every one of them has different opinions of what should be done to the fetus of which is very right based on their beliefs and values (Newbanks, Rieg, & Schaefer, 2017, p. 1).
Question 3
They used different theories to give their opinions which also had to determine each of their recommendation for act.
Challenged Conceptions - Environmental Chemicals & Fertility - Resources for Healthy Children www.scribd.com/doc/254613619 - For more information, Please see Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children www.scribd.com/doc/254613963 - Gardening with Volcanic Rock Dust www.scribd.com/doc/254613846 - Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech www.scribd.com/doc/254613765 - Free School Gardening Art Posters www.scribd.com/doc/254613694 - Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden www.scribd.com/doc/254609890 - Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success www.scribd.com/doc/254613619 - City Chickens for your Organic School Garden www.scribd.com/doc/254613553 - Huerto Ecológico, Tecnologías Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica www.scribd.com/doc/254613494 - Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide www.scribd.com/doc/254613410 - Free Organic Gardening Publications www.scribd.com/doc/254609890 ~
This document provides an overview of the normal physiological process of labor and birth. It discusses the phases of labor and common metrics used to assess cervical dilation, fetal position, and station. It also addresses cultural factors that influence birth experiences in America, including place of birth, pain management expectations, and fetal monitoring. While continuous electronic fetal monitoring is commonly used, research does not clearly demonstrate benefits over intermittent auscultation and shows increased rates of intervention. Oxytocin augmentation is also discussed, noting a lack of evidence supporting its routine use when labor is progressing normally. The goal is to understand labor as a natural process and avoid unnecessary medicalization when possible.
This document discusses the author's personal nursing philosophy which focuses on providing comfort to patients. The philosophy is informed by Kolcaba's Comfort Theory, which defines comfort as occurring through relief, ease, or transcendence in physical, psychospiritual, environmental, and sociocultural contexts. The author believes in being honest with patients while still providing comfort, and advocating for patients who cannot speak for themselves. Kolcaba's theory fits with the philosophy by allowing the author to address patient needs in holistic ways.
This study examined the heritability of pain catastrophizing using a twin study design. 400 twins completed measures of pain catastrophizing and underwent a cold pressor task experiment. Results showed pain catastrophizing was 37% heritable, with the remaining 63% due to unique environmental factors. The association between catastrophizing and increased pain response during the cold pressor task was not attributable to shared genetics or environment, suggesting a direct relationship between catastrophizing and experimental pain outcomes. This was the first study to examine the genetic contributions to catastrophizing and its relationship to experimental pain responses.
Attitudes Toward The Level Of Men S Involvement In Abortion DecisionsBecky Gilbert
This study examined attitudes toward male involvement in abortion decisions among 366 college students. While both men and women thought men should have some involvement, men desired more responsibility than women believed they deserved. Specifically, men more strongly agreed that men have a right to be actively involved in the decision and that women do not need to reveal their decision if firm on not continuing the pregnancy. However, contrary to hypotheses, most women and men disagreed that abortion is strictly a women's issue. The findings suggest men want involvement in abortion decisions to a greater extent than women believe is appropriate.
LESSON 12 Paying for Care and Health Information LEA.docxSHIVA101531
LESSON 12
Paying for Care and Health Information
LEARNING OUTCOMES
______________________________________________________________________________
In this lesson, you will do the following:
Describe how coding, reimbursement, and billing are impacted by health information systems.
READINGS
The following reading assignments are for Lessons 9 through 12:
Gartee Text:
Chapter 4, pp. 74 - 95
Chapter 5, pp. 98 - 126
Chapter 6, pp. 127 - 151
Chapter 9, pp. 208 - 236
Chapter 10, pp. 237 - 259
ACTIVITIES / ASSESSMENTS
The following activities/assessments are for Lessons 9 through 12:
1. Read the assigned pages from the Gartee text.
2. Review the Lecture Notes, Unit 3 PowerPoint, and Voice Pod.
3. Participate in the weekly discussion question.
4. Complete the written assignment.
WRITTEN ASSIGNMENTS
Hospital Medicare Payment System - DRGs:
Research how large hospitals are paid by a Medicare fee for service reimbursements (DRG’s).
Include a brief history and relate how health information supports the request for a payment.
PLEASE NOTE: All graded assignments for the lessons in this unit should be grouped together
and submitted as ONE document using the Assignment Submission form accessed from your
course homepage or http://www.sjcme.edu/gps/assignments.
All activities/assignments for this unit should be as follows:
1. Should include a cover sheet for each assignment stating the following:
Course (HA 214)
Your Name
Unit and Lesson Number
Date Submitted
2. Each individual assignment number and copy of the assignment directions should be
included in the submission as the starting header of each lesson.
3. Carefully check grammar and spelling.
4. Use APA format for any research or sources that are being used or quoted.
5. Email the instructor if you have questions regarding the assignments.
http://www.sjcme.edu/gps/assignments
g
Research www.AJOG.org
O B S T E T R I C S
Preterm premature rupture of membranes >32 weeks’
estation: impact of revised practice guidelines
Arij Faksh, DO; Joseph R. Wax, MD; F. Lee Lucas, PhD; Angelina Cartin; Michael G. Pinette, MD
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the perinatal
impact of the 2007 American College of Obstetricians and Gynecolo-
gists Practice Bulletin on preterm premature membrane rupture.
STUDY DESIGN: Perinatal outcomes were compared in women who
had experienced preterm membrane rupture in the 3 years before the
2007 Practice Bulletin to similar women who experienced preterm pre-
mature rupture of membranes in the 3 years after the issue and imple-
mentation of the guideline.
RESULTS: After adjustment for gestational age at membrane rupture
and steroids, composite severe morbidity (death, respiratory distress
Obstet Gynecol 2011;205:340.e1-5.
p
remained uncertain, p
doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2011.05.036
340.e1 American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology OCTOB ...
Leading science experts and non religious reason on rh bill - feb 2012Tina Santiago-Rodriguez
This document discusses key questions regarding reproductive health bills from both medical and socio-moral perspectives. It summarizes perspectives from leading science experts and world authorities on whether contraception and IUDs kill human beings (they agree that human life begins at fertilization), whether contraception is safe and effective (evidence shows health risks like cancer and no evidence it reduces HIV/AIDS), and the socio-moral effects of widespread contraception availability (evidence suggests it leads to more premarital sex, single parenthood and abortion). The document advocates resolving these crucial issues by consulting the greatest unbiased experts to determine the truth.
Abstract: This study was undertaken to characterize pain in
individuals with hereditary multiple exostosis (HME). Two hundred
ninety-three patients with HME completed a questionnaire designed
to assess pain as well as its impact on their life. Eighty-four percent of
participants reported having pain, indicating that pain is a real
problem in HME. Of those with pain, 55.1% had generalized pain.
Two factors were found to be associated with pain outcome: HMErelated
complications and surgery. Individuals who had HME-related
complications were five times more likely to have pain, while those
who had surgery were 3.8 more likely to have pain. No differences
were found between males and females with respect to pain, surgery,
or HME-related complications. The results of this study indicate that
the number of individuals with HME who have pain has been
underestimated and that pain is a problem that must be addressed
when caring for individuals with HME.
Key Words: hereditary multiple exostosis, pain, exostoses, osteochondromas,
support group
(J Pediatr Orthop 2005;25:369–376)
The document summarizes three studies on the psychological impact of relinquishment for adoption:
1) A study of birthmothers from 1965-1972 found that relinquishment was a traumatic event for 99% and 97% felt misled about the effects. 94% received inadequate counseling. Secrecy also had profound negative effects.
2) A study of 20 Australian women found very high rates of pathological grief that had not resolved years later, along with high depression and psychosomatic symptoms. Factors hindering resolution of grief are discussed.
3) An article examines how some pro-adoption groups have misrepresented a 1986 study to claim that separation benefits mothers and children, when the actual study does not support this claim
This chapter from the book "Why Can't We Love Them Both" discusses evidence that fetuses can feel pain by 8 weeks gestation. It notes that the necessary neurological structures are present by this age. It provides examples of fetuses reacting physically to stimuli through movements and changes in heart rate. Further evidence is discussed from studies measuring hormone responses and brain activity. The possibility of fetal pain during abortions is also addressed.
This document reviews theoretical perspectives on the relationship between catastrophizing and pain. It summarizes research showing that catastrophizing is consistently associated with increased pain experience, pain behavior, illness behavior, and disability. The research has proceeded without a clear theoretical framework to explain these relationships. The document evaluates potential models, including schema activation, appraisal, attention, and communal coping models. It suggests catastrophizing may best be understood through a hierarchical model where social factors influence development and maintenance of catastrophizing, while cognitive appraisal processes link it to pain experience. Future research addressing gaps is needed.
Evidence Based Practice_lecture 5_slidesZakCooper1
This document provides an overview of evidence-based practice as it relates to assessing questions about harm or etiology. It discusses how these types of questions are best assessed through randomized controlled trials or observational studies like cohort and case-control studies. Examples are provided of questions about harm that have been studied, like whether silicone breast implants or weight-loss drugs cause certain health issues. The limitations of different study types are also outlined. Finally, the document discusses how prognosis questions are typically assessed through survival curve analysis and provides some examples of prognosis studies.
1) The document discusses whether oncologists should routinely discuss fertility preservation options with cancer patients of childbearing age.
2) It reviews guidelines published in 2006 by the American Society of Clinical Oncology recommending that oncologists address potential treatment-induced infertility.
3) However, several national surveys since 2006 found that oncologists are still not routinely discussing fertility risks or referring patients to specialists.
Similar to Fetal pain a systematic multidisciplinary review (20)
This bill seeks to ensure that women seeking abortions after 20 weeks of fertilization are informed about evidence that unborn children at this stage of development can experience pain during certain abortion procedures. The bill cites several findings regarding the capacity for unborn children to feel pain after 20 weeks of development, as well as existing laws and regulations that aim to protect animals and fetuses from unnecessary pain and discomfort. If passed, it would add a new title to the Public Health Service Act requiring abortion providers to inform women of the pain the unborn child could experience during the procedure.
The document discusses evidence related to whether a fetus can experience pain. It summarizes the development of anatomical structures and pathways involved in pain perception in a fetus from 8 weeks gestation onwards. It also discusses physiological evidence from preterm infants that suggests nociceptive pathways are functional from 24-26 weeks gestation. The document considers arguments that a fetus may experience pain in a primitive way without requiring consciousness, self-consciousness, or previous experience. It notes evidence that early painful experiences can have long-term effects on stress responses and sensitivity to pain.
An unborn child has the capacity to feel pain by 20 weeks gestation according to scientific evidence. By this point in development, the neural pathways, nerve tracts, thalamus, and cortex necessary to feel pain are all present. Studies show the unborn child responds to touch as early as 6 weeks and releases stress hormones when injected with a needle at 18 weeks, similar to the stress response in adults feeling pain. While abortion methods do not provide anesthesia to the unborn child, commercial livestock must be rendered insensible to pain before slaughter according to federal law.
This document discusses two approaches to understanding associative learning: the propositional approach and the dual-system approach. The propositional approach argues that associative learning results from controlled reasoning processes, while the dual-system approach argues it results from both controlled reasoning and the automatic formation of links between mental representations. The authors review evidence from past research and conclude that there is little support for the automatic link-formation mechanism proposed by the dual-system approach. Instead, they argue learning is better understood as resulting from propositional reasoning processes.
This document discusses the concept of fetal pain and whether a fetus is capable of perceiving pain. It explores definitions of pain, the anatomical and neurophysiological development of the fetal nervous system, and behavioral responses to stimuli. While connections from the spinal cord to the thalamus develop by 20 weeks, and thalamocortical connections are present from around 26 weeks, the document notes debate around whether these are necessary for pain perception. It concludes that while the very young fetus is likely incapable of feeling pain, the capacity for pain perception likely develops before full term birth.
The document reviews the development of the fetal pain system and debates whether a fetus can feel pain. It finds that:
1) While reflex reactions to noxious stimuli can occur very early in development, cortical processing required for the emotional experience of pain likely only emerges after 26 weeks of gestation with the development of thalamo-cortical connections.
2) Before the cortex is involved, noxious stimuli can still trigger stress responses that affect development.
3) Rather than speculate on fetal pain, the clinically relevant aim is to avoid noxious stimuli to prevent their potential adverse effects on development.
This document summarizes a research article about the mental capacities of newborn infants. It argues that while newborns appear helpless, research shows they have an integrated consciousness and can engage in synchronized interactions with caregivers. This suggests newborns have intersubjective minds, emotions, and motives for social engagement. The study of infant cognition required moving beyond theories of the mind as developing through experience and language alone, to recognize innate capacities for shared intentionality and cultural learning from birth.
1) The article proposes that the primary function of consciousness is to integrate competing demands from specialized systems in the nervous system that influence skeletal muscle plans.
2) These "supramodular systems" operate in parallel to control actions like breathing, pain response, elimination, but can only collectively influence action through consciousness.
3) During a "supramodular conflict", when different systems demand opposing skeletal muscle actions, consciousness is necessary to integrate the systems and determine the appropriate response.
This commentary agrees with Shanahan's view that language acquisition has an emotional basis. It provides a supplementary neuroscience perspective, arguing that:
1) Primary-process emotional systems in subcortical brain regions like the central amygdala generate affective intensity, not just secondary cognitive processes.
2) Social-emotional systems like separation distress, nurturance, play, and lust motivated the development of inter-subjective communication between mothers and infants, which may have promoted linguistic prosody.
3) Early affective communication through melodic "motherese" engages infants more than cognitive thought, and music is tightly linked to language in brain and development. Language may have evolved from our emotional nature through
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against developing mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
The study recorded EEG signals simultaneously from the scalp and thalamus of 7 patients undergoing deep brain stimulation for essential tremor. The patients performed a go/no-go task where they had to either execute or withhold a cued finger movement based on subsequent go or no-go cues. Event-related potentials differentiated between go and no-go conditions earlier at thalamic recording sites compared to scalp sites, suggesting the thalamus is involved in early classification of go and no-go instructions. Correlations between thalamic and frontal scalp responses were stronger for no-go activities, indicating the thalamus provides information to frontal areas involved in inhibiting prepared actions. The findings support a role for the thalamus
The document discusses whether a fetus can feel pain and at what gestational age. It examines the anatomical, physiological, and behavioral evidence. While the fetus's experience of pain cannot be directly measured, the neural pathways for pain are developed by 20 weeks gestation. The fetus shows stress responses to invasive procedures from 16 weeks onward. Therefore, it is possible the fetus can feel pain from 20 weeks of gestation. More research is needed to fully understand fetal pain and how to provide appropriate analgesia during invasive prenatal procedures.
This document summarizes recent research on the development of nociceptive (pain-sensing) circuits in infants. It discusses how:
1) Nociceptive neurons are specified early in development through molecular pathways involving tyrosine kinase receptors and neurotrophic factors.
2) Functional synapses and neural circuits in the dorsal horn develop over the first postnatal weeks through changes in excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission.
3) Sensory activity, both non-nociceptive and excessive nociceptive inputs, can influence the development of pain processing circuits in early life.
More from South Dakota Pain Capable Unborn Child Protection Act (20)
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
1. Fetal Pain: A Systematic Multidisciplinary Review of the
Evidence
Susan J. Lee; Henry J. Peter Ralston; Eleanor A. Drey; et al.
Online article and related content
current as of February 20, 2010. JAMA. 2005;294(8):947-954 (doi:10.1001/jama.294.8.947)
http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/294/8/947
Correction Contact me if this article is corrected.
Citations This article has been cited 28 times.
Contact me when this article is cited.
Topic collections Medical Practice; Health Policy; Law and Medicine; Anesthesia; Pain;
Patient-Physician Relationship/ Care; Patient-Physician Communication; Women's
Health; Pregnancy and Breast Feeding
Contact me when new articles are published in these topic areas.
Related Letters Fetal Pain
Laura B. Myers et al. JAMA. 2006;295(2):159.
Bobbi J. Lyman. JAMA. 2006;295(2):159.
Brian D. Sites. JAMA. 2006;295(2):160.
In Reply:
Susan J. Lee et al. JAMA. 2006;295(2):160.
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